Do you understand how the system operates? My guess is that you do not.
You cannot troubleshoot a system, any system, if you do not have at the
very least an overview of system operation.
For a start, the K Jetronic system is a *mechanical* fuel injection
system. I'm sure I mentioned that in a past post? It does *not have
sensors* in the same manner as later electronic fuel injection systems
like the LE Jetronics, Motronics and the like.
The K Jetronic *does not use sensors* to determine coolant temperature,
air temperature, etc. Instead it uses electrically heated bimetal
springs that also adopt engine heat to effect their operation. It is a
very simple system - as long as you know what each component does and
how it fits into the overall system.
For cold start, there are 3 devices involved. Two of these devices are
to do with cold start mixture adaptation, the third deals with cold idle
mixture *quantity*.
The first, the start valve, is a solenoid operated fuel injector and
operates in conjunction with the thermo-time switch. It is activated
electrically at initial startup and the duration of its operation is
limited by the thermo-time switch. The thermo-time switch, as the name
suggests, is not a sensor per se but a control device. It *electrically*
limits the time the start valve is in operation. Typically this is 8
seconds or less. Due to the mounting location of the thermo-time switch,
it is able to adopt engine heat. Since the thermo-time switch is mounted
close to engine heat sources, it also has the ability to *prevent* start
valve operation if the engine is being started when already warmed up.
This is unlikely to be your problem and it can be easily disabled for
diagnosis by removing the feed connector plug to the start valve. The
thermo-time switch provides a ground path for the cold start injector
when cold. It should have a resistance between one of the terminals and
the body of the switch when hot or cold. The other terminal should show
no resistance to ground when cold. When hot, the terminal that showed no
resistance should now show infinite resistance. It is, after all, just
switching the cold start injector off.
The next device is the warm-up regulator. This device is fitted in such
a manner that it adopts the engine temperature. Like the thermo-time
switch, it contains a bimetal spring that reacts to engine temperature.
When cold, the bimetal spring acts in opposition to the valve spring
thereby *reducing* control pressure thereby increasing injector flow
thus provising mixture enrichment. The bimetal spring is heated
electrically and by engine heat conduction and will increase control
pressure as the engine warms up. As with the thermo-time switch, it
adopts engine heat and will render mixture enrichment inoperative on a
warm engine. Checking this device will require a fuel pressure test.
*Control pressure* should be ~7psi at cold start and ~55psi with the
engine warmed up. These are *generic* pressures and they may be
different depending on the vehicle to which the system is fitted. At the
very least, they will provide you with a starting point. Issues here
would, I expect, show up primarily as fuel-air mixture issues - too rich
(hunting) or too lean (stumble) - and display symptoms other than a very
fast cold idle.
The auxilliary air device is yet another valve controlled by a bimetal
spring. This device, when cold, allows extra air to bypass the throttle
plate thus allowing a faster idle. This device does not influence the
cold start fuel mixture as the extra air it provides is measured by the
air flow sensor plate and is only responsible for allowing *more* air
fuel mixture to enter the engine to provide a stable cold idle. Again,
as with the previous two devices, this device adopts engine heat
preventing operation when the engine is warmed up. You can eliminate
this device quite easily by pinching off the downstream air hose. The
engine speed should drop a small amount. Since your engine is idling at
2-3k when cold, a drop to normal idle (or lower than normal) when the
downstream hose is pinched off indicates an issue with this device or
the upstream air supply (inlet air hose leak?) Note, the electrical side
of this device is there purely to control device activation time before
cut-off. Disconnecting the wiring plug will only lengthen activation time.
It's been a very, very long time since I've had anything to do with one
of these systems, probably in the order of 40-45 years but I'd be
initially checking out the auxilliary air device, given the symptoms you
describe, *after* ensuring that the throttle plate is closing the
correct amount at idle. I no longer have diagnosis info on these
systems, having turfed it out long ago, so all specs are based on my
memory of the K-Jetronic system not to forget my Bosch K-Jetronic
technical instruction book.
HTH
--
Xeno