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Amaia Novara

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Aug 5, 2024, 12:28:02 PM8/5/24
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Ourmain objective going forward is to build a chart library with high performance and smooth rendering. We are currently considering using CanvasKit in our charts to push the boundaries of performance.

CanvasKit is a WebAssembly module that draws onto canvas elements with Skia, providing a more advanced feature set than the Canvas Web API.


We are also planning to use WebAssembly to calculate the position of the markers in the chart. Markers are added to the charts to indicate the time of purchase and the price level at which the user has purchased a contract. The position of the markers needs to be recalculated as the chart is zoomed in and out.

We will use WebAssembly to compute the position of the markers and CanvasKit to plot the markers on the chart to make the rendering quick and fluid.


We successfully developed a proof-of-concept for our current trading charts using WebAssembly. In this post, we will share our learnings and a few best practices about WebAssembly that we gained while working on the proof-of-concept.


WebAssembly, abbreviated as Wasm, is a technology that makes it possible to run high-performing, low-level code in browsers. Simply put, Wasm is a programming language format (Abstract Syntax Tree) and execution environment (portable stack machine) that can be a compilation target for other programming languages. It can be embedded into a web browser to provide a common way to support other languages as an alternative to JavaScript.


WebAssembly offers multiple advantages. It is a low-level assembly-like language with a compact binary format that runs with near-native performance. It provides a compilation target so languages with low-level memory models such as C++ and Rust can run on the web.

WebAssembly seeks to be hardware-independent, language-independent, and platform-independent. As such, it may target all modern architectures, desktop, or mobile devices as well as embedded systems. WebAssembly programs may be embedded in browsers, run as a stand-alone VM, or integrated into other environments.


Additionally, each module is subject to the security policies of its embedding. Within a web browser, this includes restrictions on information flow through the same-origin-policy. On a non-web platform, this could include the POSIX security model.


Modules must declare all accessible functions and their associated types at load time even when dynamic linking is used. This allows implicit enforcement of control-flow integrity

(CFI) through structured control flow. Since compiled code is immutable and not observable at runtime, WebAssembly programs are protected from control flow hijacking attacks.


WebAssembly has a binary format and a text format. The binary format (.wasm) is a compact binary instruction format for a stack-based virtual machine and is designed to be a portable compilation target for other higher-level languages such as C, C++, Rust, C#, Go, Python, and many more. The text format (.wat) is a human-readable format designed to help developers view the source of a WebAssembly module. The text format can also be used for writing codes that can be compiled into binary format.


The following code was written using WebAssembly. There is a function that gets one number (32bit integer) parameter and returns it. Then it exports the print function as print to the host environment.

The compiled WebAssembly code would look like this:


This example is using the non-streaming method of Wasm. This method doesn't directly access the byte code, so it requires an extra step to turn the response into an ArrayBuffer before compiling/instantiating the Wasm module.


Opcodes are machine language instructions specified for the operation to be performed. One of the reasons why Wasm is so compact is because the whole operation machine instructions that it supports fit on one page. Take a look at this page to see a list of Wasm opcodes.


In this section, we are going to talk about how this platform's independent complications would be possible.

LLVM is a set of compiler and toolchain technologies, which can be used to develop a front end for any programming language and a back end for any instruction set architecture.


An IR is a data structure or code used internally by a compiler or virtual machine to represent source code. It is designed to be conducive to further processing, such as optimization and translation. The front end also manages the symbol table.


A symbol table is a data structure used by a language translator. The entries of a symbol table store the information related to the entry's corresponding identifier (or symbols), constants, procedures, and functions.


Analysis --- Program information is gathered from the intermediate language representation derived from the front end. Data-flow analysis, dependency analysis, alias analysis, pointer analysis, and escape analysis are some of its tasks.


Optimization --- The intermediate language representation is transformed into functionally equivalent but faster (or smaller) forms. Popular optimizations are inline expansion, dead-code elimination, constant propagation, loop transformation and even automatic parallelization.


Practically any portable C or C++ codebase can be compiled into WebAssembly using Emscripten, ranging from high-performance games that need to render graphics, play sounds, and load and process files through to application frameworks like Qt. Emscripten has already been used to convert a very long list of real-world codebases to WebAssembly, including commercial codebases like the Unreal Engine 4 and the Unity engine.


To see tools that use Emscripten under the hood, we can look at Pyodide, which is a Python distribution tool for the browser and Node.js based on WebAssembly And there is also sql.js which we shall discuss in more depth.


sql.js is a javascript SQL database. It allows you to create a relational database and query it entirely in the browser. It uses a virtual database file stored in memory and thus doesn't persist the changes made to the database. However, it allows you to import any existing SQLite file and export the created database as a JavaScript-typed array.


As you can see in the code snapshot, we simply injected the sql-wasm.js bundle file into the HTML file. Since we have global access to the initSqlJs method, all it takes is a config object to get access to the SQL object inside its scope. Then, we can simply create a new instance with it and run any SQL query there.

You can find more examples below:


Now it's time to know how we can run Wasm outside of the browser. It can be run in a server, blockchain, or any other different architecture. For now, we are going to see how we can run it on a server.


WASI stands for WebAssembly System Interface. It's an API designed by the Wasmtime project that provides access to several operating-system-like features, including files and filesystems, Berkeley sockets, clocks, and random numbers that we'll be proposing for standardization.


It's designed to be independent of browsers, so it doesn't depend on Web APIs or JS, and isn't limited by the need to be compatible with JS. And it has integrated capability-based security, so it extends WebAssembly's characteristic sandboxing to include I/O.


This means that the code can't talk directly to the OS. But then how does it do anything with system resources? The host (which might be a browser, or might be a Wasm runtime) puts functions in the sandbox that the code can use.


This means that the host can limit what a program can do on a program-by-program basis. It doesn't just let the program act on behalf of the user, calling any system call with the user's full permissions.


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Yes, Deriv is regulated. The broker claims to hold licenses from various regulatory authorities, including the Malta Financial Services Authority (MFSA), Vanuatu Financial Services Commission (VFSC), British Virgin Islands Financial Services Commission (BFSC), and Labuan Financial Services Authority (LFSA).


Deriv functions as an online trading platform offering various financial instruments. Users can open accounts, choose between different trading platforms, and engage in trading activities such as Forex, commodities, and options trading.


Deriv is an online trading platform that facilitates various financial activities, including Forex trading, commodities, and options. Known for its diverse set of trading platforms like DMT5, DTrader, and DBot, Deriv aims to cater to the needs of traders at different experience levels. This review explores various aspects of Deriv, shedding light on its features, safety measures, customer support, educational resources, and more.


Deriv is an established online broker that has been operating since 1999. It endeavors to make trading accessible to a broad range of traders, gaining global popularity over the years. The platform emphasizes a low deposit requirement and a user-friendly experience. Deriv offers a diverse range of financial instruments, including stocks, Forex, options, CFDs, indices, commodities, and cryptocurrencies. With over 20 years of experience, Deriv specializes in CFDs and derivatives on various assets. The platform provides proprietary trading platforms such as DMT5, DBot, and DTrader, facilitating efficient navigation for traders. These platforms analyze markets and provide insights into trading spaces, aiding traders in making informed decisions about their chosen assets.


Traders have the flexibility to utilize multipliers ranging from 1 to 30, with additional features like take profit, stop loss, and deal cancellation parameters, providing a range of risk management tools.


Deriv has a diverse selection of swift deposit and withdrawal methods, coupled with the advantage of zero payment fees and low minimum deposit requirements, enhancing the overall efficiency of financial transactions.

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