Ladies and Gentlemen,
Very precise calculations in physics right up to 30 decimal places
Please refer to:
http://www.trendsinphysics.info/
https://plus.google.com/u/0/photos/100738406901160020308/albums/5728773101704182353
https://plus.google.com/u/0/photos/100738406901160020308/albums/5736854301479863841
https://plus.google.com/u/0/photos/100738406901160020308/albums/5630341285491526497
For Czech physicist
http://free-energy.xf.cz/teorie/vlcek.pdf
Accurate measurement kinetical energy in high-energy physics will use to determine the exact value of the speed of particles. The exact value of the speed of particles allows us to establish the precise momentum of particles.
Calculation of the kinetic energy of a body moving at the velocity of v , [4] p. 51-52:
[4] L. Vlcek : New Trends in Physics, Slovak Academic Press, Bratislava 1996
ISBN 80-85665-64-6. Presentation on European Phys. Soc. 10th Gen. Conf. – Trends in Physics ( EPS 10) Sevilla , E
9 -13 September 1996
http://www.trendsinphysics.info/
Critical examination of fundamentals in physics
Vlcek L.: New trends in physics HTML
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(3.11) |
while isn’t
,
For
we have the kinetic
energy in the direction of motion
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(3.12) |
For we have the kinetic energy against the
direction of motion
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(3.13) |
Modern physics knows very precise values of the kinetic energy of elementary particles
Although not able to accurately determine the speed of the particles, nor their momentum and even mean life time.
It is caused by:
1. incorrect interpretation of Heisenberg uncertainty principle,
2. symmetrical shape of the intensity of moving charge, instead of its nonsymmetrical form
3. using the relativistic formulas
Nonsymmetrical intensity form of moving charge leads to a precise relationship to calculate the kinetic energy of particles and hence to calculate the radius of force reach particles moving at speed v.
Gamma radiation[1], also known as gamma rays (denoted as γ), is electromagnetic radiation of high frequency (very short wavelength). They are produced by sub-atomic particle interactions such as electron-positron annihilation, neutral pion decay, radioactive decay (including isomeric transition which involves an inhibited gamma decay), fusion, fission or inverse Compton scattering in astrophysical processes. Gamma rays have frequencies above 10 exahertz (1019 Hz), and therefore have energies above 100 keV and wavelength less than 10 picometers, often smaller than an atom. Gamma rays from radioactive decay commonly have energies of a few hundred keV, and almost always less than 10 MeV. The upper limit for such energies is about 20 MeV, and there is effectively no lower limit (they are sometimes classed as X-rays if their frequencies are lower than 1019 Hz). Because gamma rays are a form of ionizing radiation, they pose a health hazard.
Paul Villard, a French chemist and physicist, discovered gamma radiation in 1900, while studying radiation emitted from radium. Alpha and beta "rays" had already been separated and named by the work of Ernest Rutherford in 1899, and in 1903 Rutherford named Villard's distinct new radiation "gamma rays."
The distinction between X-rays and gamma rays has changed in recent decades. Originally, the electromagnetic radiation emitted by X-ray tubes had a longer wavelength than the radiation emitted by radioactive nuclei (gamma rays).[2] Older literature distinguished between X- and gamma radiation on the basis of wavelength, with radiation shorter than some arbitrary wavelength, such as 10−11 m, defined as gamma rays.[3]However, as shorter wavelength continuous spectrum "X-ray" sources such as linear accelerators and longer wavelength "gamma ray" emitters were discovered, the wavelength bands largely overlapped. The two types of radiation are now usually distinguished by their origin: X-rays are emitted by electrons outside the nucleus, while gamma rays are emitted by the nucleus.[2][4][5][6
[1] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia last modified on 23 December 2010 at 03:16.
[2] Dendy, P. P.; B. Heaton (1999). Physics for Diagnostic Radiology. USA: CRC Press. p. 12. ISBN 0750305916. http://books.google.com/?id=1BTQvsQIs4wC&pg=PA12.
[3] Charles Hodgman, Ed. (1961). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 44th Ed.. USA: Chemical Rubber Co.. p. 2850.
[4] Feynman, Richard; Robert Leighton, Matthew Sands (1963). The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Vol.1. USA: Addison-Wesley. pp. 2–5. ISBN 0201021161.
[5] L'Annunziata, Michael; Mohammad Baradei (2003). Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis. Academic Press. p. 58. ISBN 0124366031. http://books.google.com/?id=b519e10OPT0C&pg=PA58&dq=gamma+x-ray.
[6] Grupen, Claus; G. Cowan, S. D. Eidelman, T. Stroh (2005). Astroparticle Physics. Springer. p. 109. ISBN 3540253122.
Gamma rays have frequencies above 10 exahertz (1019 Hz), and therefore have energies above 100 keV and wavelength less than 10 picometers, often smaller than an atom. Gamma rays from radioactive decay commonly have energies of a few hundred keV, and almost always less than 10 MeV. The upper limit for such energies is about 20 MeV, and there is effectively no lower limit (they are sometimes classed as x-rays if their frequencies are lower than 1019 Hz).
β electron is emitted from the neutron
The Feynman diagram for beta decay of a neutron into a proton , electron , and electron antineutrino via an intermediate heavy W boson.
In the "stable" neutron, electron orbits around the center-of-mass with speed greater than 0,999994c.
If will start beta decay of a neutron, β electron has kinetical energy in direction of motion 80 398 MeV ( it is W- boson),
proton is moving at a speed 0,023337082847141190198366394399065c, and radiates γ ray.
1.Planck : 80 398 MeV = h*f , f is frequency circulation electron around center of mass in neutron in center- of- mass coordinate system
Neutron ( = Proton and an electron orbiting a common center of mass ) Beta decay is mediated by the weak force.
in the direction of movement = kinetic energy of electron + energy of waves radiated by movement of electron
against the direction of movement = only energy of waves radiated by movement of electron
in the direction of movement = kinetic energy of proton + energy of waves radiated by movement of proton
against the direction of movement = only energy of waves radiated by movement of proton
β electron is radiated from a neutron . Logically follows that , gamma rays are actually caused by the movement of a proton
angular velocity of the β electron= =2*pí*f=122146075082029946177950744,23446 rad/s
angular velocity of the proton = =2*pí*f=122146075082029946177950744,23446 rad/s = angular velocity of the β electron in center-of-mass coordinates system
Discussion
Experiment limits the gluon's mass to less than a few MeV/c2.
h = 4.135667516(91)×10−15 eV·s[1]
(5 MeV / c 2 )/ 4.135667516(91)×10−15 eV·s = 10+21Hz
What is gamma rays?
Proton into a neutron moving at a speed of 0.023337082847141190198366394399065 emits γ-rays.
Gluon's are gamma rays emits against the direction of movement of proton (= only energy of waves) radiated by movement of proton !
Gamma rays typically have frequencies above 10 exahertz (or >1019 Hz), and therefore have energies above 100 keV and wavelength less than 10 picometers, less than the diameter of an atom.
Neutron is source β rays - β electrons ( bosons Zo W+- too) , γ rays, electron neutrinos, muon neutrinos, tauon neutrinos:
1a.
β electron is radiated from a neutron ,for v/c = 0,999994396591 BOSON Z = β electron
β electron is radiated from a neutron for v/c = 0,99999364465781184 W+- BOSON = β electron W+-
1b.
electron neutrinos, muon neutrinos, tauon neutrinos are waves against the direction of movement (= only energy of waves radiated by movement of electron ) and in direction of movement (= only energy of waves radiated by movement of electron)
2.
Logically follows that , gamma rays are actually caused by the movement of a proton in neutron.
Proton into a neutron moving at a speed of 0.023337082847141190198366394399065c
emits γ-rays.
See you please
Vlcek
L.: New trends in physics
Introduction
to my two articles Physics is easy and Physics is beautifull
Gluons,
Mezons, Baryons Gallery
The theory of Mgr. Ľubomír Vlček published in the book New trends in physics performed in cooperation with Ing. Branislav Sobota, PhD., an employee of TU Košice will enable you as the first ones the insight into the stabile spheric nuclei of isotopes and isobars of practically all the elements known so far with pair and impair number of nucleons.
Lubo Vlcek