How are knowledge claims tested and refuted?

[Lisa]

How are knowledge claims tested and refuted?

[sekhar goteti]

Basically knowledge is dual by its very inception.As we know there are synonyms for each word and every synonym has

got a context from which concepts are derived.

every concept should be logical in its essence.these concepts are contradictory by nature.

 so there is an argument within the opposites

On Fri, Sep 27, 2013 at 12:45 AM, Lisa <lisazec...@gmail.com> wrote:

How are knowledge claims tested and refuted?

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sekhar

[Wu Li]

It depends on the individual and, without a more specific question and context, there's nothing more that can be said.

[Peter Jones]

Knowledge claims may be tested and refuted, but science and western epistemology has no explanation for how we know things so they can never be verified unless they are tautological. hence metaphysical analysis and scientific testing is about falsification, not about proving positive knowledge. The refutation is done by the use the of the dialectic in philosophy and by empiricism in the sciences, where the rule is that contradictions prove falsity.