Password Field Java

[Shawnna Franz]

PasswordFieldis a part of javax.swing package . The class JPasswordField is a component that allows editing of a single line of text where the view indicates that something was typed by does not show the actual characters. JPasswordField inherits the JTextField class in javax.swing package.

Constructors of the class are :

Note : The above programs might not run in an online compiler use an offline IDE.

the default text and number of columns of password can be changed by the programmer as per their need.

The JPasswordField class, a subclass of JTextField, provides specialized text fields for password entry. For security reasons, a password field does not show the characters that the user types. Instead, the field displays a character different from the one typed, such as an asterisk '*'. As another security precaution, a password field stores its value as an array of characters, rather than as a string. Like an ordinary text field, a password field fires an action event when the user indicates that text entry is complete, for example by pressing the Enter button.

The password is "bugaboo". The password "bugaboo" is an example only. Use secure authentication methods in production systems. You can find the entire code for this program in PasswordDemo.java. Here is the code that creates and sets up the password field:

The argument passed into the JPasswordField constructor indicates the preferred size of the field, which is at least 10 columns wide in this case. By default a password field displays a dot for each character typed. If you want to change the echo character, call the setEchoChar method. The code then adds an action listener to the password field, which checks the value typed in by the user. Here is the implementation of the action listener's actionPerformed method:

A program that uses a password field typically validates the password before completing any actions that require the password. This program calls a private method, isPasswordCorrect, that compares the value returned by the getPassword method to a value stored in a character array. Here is its code:

PasswordDemo is the Tutorial's only example that uses a JPasswordField object. However, the Tutorial has many examples that use JTextField objects, whose API is inherited by JPasswordField. See Examples That Use Text Fields for further information.

In Java swing, to create a password field you use JPasswordField class. You can assign a different echo character other than the default one (*) using setEchoChar() method. You can get the password using getPassword() method. If you use copy() orcut() method, you will get nothing but beep sound.

One of the ongoing criticisms of the Java command line text-basedinput/output APIs is the lack of support for command line inputpassword masking. With AWT/Swing, this is not a problem as methods areprovided to mask passwords easily.

An earlier version of this article was published here in September2002, and since then numerous letters of thanks, constructive comments,and permissions to use the source code in applications have beenreceived. This article:

If you wish to provide a graphical login dialog box for your application, you can use the AWT's TextField class, which is a text component that allows the editing of a single line of text. To mask the password field, use the setEchoChar method. For example, to set the echo char to an asterisk, you would do:

The number 8 specifies the width of the text field based on theaverage character width for the font in use. You can set the echocharacter to any character you like. Note that if you set it to zero, 0, it means that the input will be echoed and not masked.

In Swing, you can use the JPasswordField, whichallows the editing of a single line of text where the view indicatessomething was typed, but does not show the original characters. The JPasswordField class is source-compatible with the AWT's TextField used with setEchoChar. If you use the JPasswordField,the default echo character is an asterisk '*', but you can change it toany character of your choice. Again, if you set the echo character tozero, 0, it means that characters will be displayed asthey are typed and no masking will be performed. Figure 2 shows a Swinglogin dialog box where the echo character is being set to a hash sign, # using the following snippet of code:

Unlike AWT/Swing, there are no special APIs for masking command-lineinput in Java. This is a feature that has been asked for by manydevelopers. It is useful if you wish to provide a login screen forcommand-line text-based Java applications as well as server-side Javaapplications. One way to provide for such a feature is to use JavaNative Interface (JNI). This might be difficult for some Javadevelopers who do not know C/C++, or wish to keep to 100% pure Javacode.

Here I provide a solution to this problem. In the earlier version ofthis article, a UNIX-like approach to login screens, where the passwordis not echoed on the screen at all, was used. This is done by having aseparate thread that attempts to erase characters echoed to the consoleby re-writing and printing the password prompt. The code featured inthat article can still be downloaded from the forums along with code for improvements.

One of the most asked-for features, however, was replacing the echoedcharacters with asterisks "*". Therefore, this article starts byproviding a simple solution for password masking, followed by animproved, more reliable, and secure code.

This solution uses a separate thread to erase the echoed charactersas they are being entered, and replaces them with asterisks. This isdone using the EraserThread class, which is shown in Code Sample 1.

The EraserThread class is used by the PasswordField class, which is shown in Code Sample 2. This class prompts the user for a password and an instance of EraserThread attempts to mask the input with "*". Note that initially a asterisk (*) will be displayed.

As an example of how to use the PasswordField class, consider the application, TestApp,shown in Sample Code 3. This application displays a prompt and waitsfor the user to enter a password. The entry is of course masked byasterisks (*).

The above simple solution suffers from one main drawback: strings should not be used for storing sensitive information such as passwords!. In the rest of the article, an improved solution is shown.

While it may seem logical to collect and store the password using Strings, they are not suitable for storing sensitive information such as passwords. This is because objects of type String are immutable -- the contents of the string cannot be changed or overwritten after use. An array of chars should be used instead. The revised PasswordField shown in Code Sample 5 has been adapted from Using Password-Based Encryption.

This article presented an overview of password masking in Java. Itdemonstrated how easy it is to mask passwords in AWT/Swingapplications, and provided a reusable pure Java solution forcommand-line text-based password masking.

Feel free to reuse, improve, and adapt the code in this article foryour applications. You can enhance it by adding methods for passwordconstraints. As an exercise, you may wish to enhance the code presentedso that a password can be of a certain length, and so that somecharacters, such as a space for example, may not be allowed in apassword.

Password Field is an input field for entering passwords.The input is masked by default. On mobile devices, though, the last typed letter is shown for a brief moment. The masking can be toggled using an optional reveal button.

Tooltips are small text pop-ups displayed on hover, and on keyboard-focus. They can be used to provide additional information about a field. This can be useful in situations where an always visible Helper is not appropriate. Helpers are generally recommended in favor of tooltips, though, as they provide much better discoverability and mobile support. See the Tooltip documentation for more information.

Required fields are marked with an indicator next to the label, and become invalid if left empty after having been focused. An error message explaining that the field is required needs to be provided manually.

The minimum and maximum input length value constraints dictate the smallest, and the largest number of characters a field accepts. It triggers a validation error if a value shorter than the minimum length is entered, and limits text entered to the maximum length. They can be used to enforce specific formats, or to cap the value to the length supported by the underlying database schema.

Fields used to display values should be set to read-only mode to prevent editing. Read-only fields are focusable and visible to screen readers. They can display tooltips. Their values can be selected and copied.

Borders can be applied to the field surface by providing a value (e.g., 1px) to the --vaadin-input-field-border-width CSS property. This can be applied globally to all input fields using the html selector, or to individual component instances. Borders are required to achieve WCAG 2.1 level AA conformant color contrast with the default Lumo styling of fields.

Using password_hash instead of password did the trick, I had been hashing everything else properly. I am not sure if the schema example was incorrect at the time I filed this issue, or if I somehow misread the name of the field. Thanks very much for the guidance here @thijmen96 @tswallen

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