Okay, here's the article.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/oxford/hi/people_and_places/history/newsid_8380000/8380564.stm
The Earl of Oxford's big secret
By Dave Gilyeat
BBC Oxford
Edward de Vere, the 17th Earl of Oxford, was one of the leading
patrons of the Elizabethan age, but was he also William Shakespeare?
Kurt Kreiler's new book, The Man Who Invented Shakespeare, is the
latest work to subscribe to this theory.
The Earl gave himself the penname 'Spear-shaker' due to his ability at
tournaments, the author points out. He was part of one of the premier
bloodlines in England, second only to the monarchy. It is said that
he had a prominent political career in court and was a well-regarded
poet and sportsman. He was also a sponsor of acting companies such as
the Oxford's Boys and a flamboyant nobleman. Mr Kreiler argues that it
is Oxford's upper class upbringing, status and education as well as
his reputation as a well-travelled man that makes him a more likely
candidate as the author of Shakespeare's plays, which he composed
under a pseudonym. Shakespeare, by contrast, was born in Stratford-
Upon-Avon to a family of unremarkable status and long stretches of his
life remain undocumented.
William of Stratford could not have written the plays. He had
difficulty enough writing his own name.
Mr Kreiler told BBC Oxford: "William 'Shakspere' or 'Shaxpere' was an
unimportant actor. "He owned 10% of the revenues of the Globe, lending
money, hoarding up illegal malt in 'New Place', carrying on lawsuits
against his neighbours and leaving his second-best bed to his wife.
"William of Stratford could not have written the plays "He was 15
years old when The Merchant of Venice was penned.
I LIKE THIS QUOTE.
"He had difficulty enough writing his own name. "It was William
Beeston, son of the Chamberlain's actor Christopher Beeston who
uttered during a conversation with John Aubrey: "If invited to writ:
he was in paine."
WONDERFULLY PROPAGANDISTIC QUOTE OUT OF CONTEXT.
This school of thought is not a new one. Proponents of the
"Oxfordian" view over the years include heavyweights such as Mark
Twain, Charlie Chaplin and Orson Welles. Even the likes of RSC alumni
Sir Derek Jacobi and Sir John Gielgud have expressed interest in the
theory and the Shakespeare Authorship Coalition boasts an impressive
list of signatories in its Declaration of Reasonable Doubt.
Oxfordians support the idea of a conspiracy of silence over the
authorship of The Bard's plays, whereas supporters of the mainstream
view, or 'Stratfordians', often see this as little more than
paranoia. "One of the most disturbing aspects of the whole debate is
the way the anti-Stratfordians are silenced," claimed Dr Michael Egan,
editor of The Oxfordian. "There isn't any real attempt to confront
the arguments.
OKAY, I';LL ADMIT THAT THIS IS WHAT GOT ME DEFAMING THIS . . . I CAN'T
SAY WHAT HE IS HERE BECAUSE THIS IS . . . OOOPS, CAN'T SAY THAT,
EITHER. ANYWAY, AS ONE WHO WROTE AND PUBLISHED A 360-PAGE BOOK
CONFRONTING JUST ABOUT EVERY ANTI-STRATFORDIAN ARGUMENT I COULD FIND,
I RESENTED THIS REMARK. OTHERS CERTAINLY HAVE CONFRONTED AND ARE
STILL CONFRONTING ALL THE "ARGUMENTS."
"There's just a general mocking and ridiculing strategy - what I call
arguing by adjective... "ridiculous, absurd" and so on... whereas in
fact there's some very suggestive and interesting pieces of
information that need to be factored in there.
"It's a little like the Copernican theory of the universe. "What
seems obvious at first turns out to be not so when you try to
reconcile the obvious with the anomalies and the anomalies are great."
HOW CAN SOMEONE NOT AN ANTI-STRATFORDIAN SAY SUCH A THING? OKAY, I'M
QUITE AWARE OF HOW HE COULD, SO I AM NOT CLAIMING EGAN IS DEFINITELY
AN ANTI-STRATFORDIAN, JUST THAT HE EITHER IS OR OUGHT TO BE.
Emma Smith, Lecturer in English at Hertford College, said: "In some
ways I think the Shakespeare authorship question is a really brilliant
example of a conspiracy theory where there's an absolute intellectual
pleasure for people who are conspiracy theorists in finding something
that goes contrary to all the existing evidence. "They want to
believe that it has been made up or planted in order to hide something
more interesting or that we're not supposed to know about.
"There is a conspiracy theory paranoia about it."
I SUSPECT SMITH AND OTHERS GAVE THE AUTHOR OF THIS ARTICLE PLENTY OF
EVIDENCE AGAINST THE CONSPIRATORS BUT THE AUTHOR MISREPRESENTED THEM
BY LEAVING ALL OR MOST OF THAT EVIDENCE OUT, AND QUOTING THEM IN A WAY
SO AS TO VERIFY EGAN'S MISREPRESENTATION.
Edward de Vere was born on 12 April 1550 at Castle Hedingham, the seat
of the Earls of Oxford. He was made a royal ward and sent to study at
Queen's College, Cambridge after the death of his father. He then
received legal training at Gray's Inn. Later he was a part of Queen
Elizabeth's entourage on a royal visit to Oxford in 1666 and was
awarded a degree from the university. He received one from Cambridge
in similar circumstances. "He didn't get either of his degrees by the
normal academic process," claimed Professor Alan H. Nelson, author of
Monstrous Adversary: The Life of Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford.
"Any visiting noblemen attending a commencement could just walk up and
ask for a degree and he'd be given one." In 1571 he married Anne
Cecil, daughter of Lord Burghley, Principal Secretary of State to the
Queen. "He had a very prominent political career at court," Dr Egan
said. "He was one of the jurists who sat in judgement on the Earl of
Essex at his treason trial."
BECAUSE HE WAS THE TOP NOBLE IN THE LAND. WHY IS EGAN SPOUTING HALF-
TRUTHS LIKE THIS IF HE IS NOT AN ANTI-STRATFORDIAN?
The young Earl then spent 16 months on a tour of France, Germany and
Italy in 1575 and Oxfordians believe the detail in some of the
Shakespeare plays benefited from these travels abroad. American
journalist Mark Anderson, author of Shakespeare By Another Name, made
this case: "You look at the Italian cities and locations that
Shakespeare refers to. "They're basically the ports of call on de
Vere's Italian itinerary in 1575 and '76. "If you take a map of Italy
and grab ten push pins and put them in ten cities - Venice, Padua,
Milan, Genoa, Palermo, Florence, Siena, Naples, Verona and Messina -
that's essentially Shakespeare's Italy.
AND FEW OTHERS VISITED THEM, AND NO ONE WHO DIDN'T VISIT THEM KNEW
ANYTHING ABOUT THEM.
"That to me is quite a remarkable happenstance."
Dr Egan added his own thoughts to this: "There are details that
obviously reflect first hand information, for example knowledge of the
paintings of Giulio Romano, who is generally known as a sculptor but
who was known as a painter in his day and Shakespeare shows knowledge
of that. "There is also information about the canal system in
Northern Italy, no longer extant, but which would have required first
hand knowledge to gain that information."
AGAIN, EGAN ACTING AS A PROPAGANDIST FOR OXFORDIANISM, NOT AS A
SCHOLAR. "*REQUIRED* FIRST-HAND KNOWLEDGE?" HOGWASH.
The Earl of Oxford ran two theatre companies and was a patron in the
fields of religion, philosophy, music, medicine and literature. "He
was very interested in the theatre," said Dr Egan. "He was often
mentioned by contemporaries as being the finest writer of comedy in
his day."
NO HE WASN'T. HE WAS MENTIONED TWICE (I BELIEVE) AS *AMONG* THE
FINEST WRITERS OF COMEDY OF HIS DAY.
Some believe the similarities between the life of de Vere and the
adventures in the Shakespeare canon bear further proof of their true
author. "There are aspects of Oxford's life which are reflected
otherwise in the plays," Dr Egan continued.
"For example he was captured by pirates at one point, which is also a
mysterious moment in Hamlet.
AND MADE THIS DRAMATIC OCCURENCE AN OFF-STAGE EVENT IN THE PLAY.
EGAN'S MENTIONING IT DOESN'T SUGGEST WHAT SIDE HE'S ON?
"There are lots of suggestive hints and details which should make a
thoughtful person reflect a little bit on the question."
Lord Burghley's words and mannerisms are said to have inspired the
character of Polonius. Like the character in Hamlet, Burghley sent
spies to France to keep watch on his son. Similarly it has been
suggested that the character of Gertrude was inspired by none other
than Queen Elizabeth herself. Mark Anderson also drew on this: "Hamlet
is a work of immortal genius no matter who wrote it and no matter
where it came from. "But the autobiographical elements of Hamlet add
these entirely new dimensions to it. "The problem is that when you
start investigating the life story and try to put the works with the
life it just turns out that there's such a tremendous fit with de Vere
and there's nothing with Shakespeare of Stratford. "25% of the
markings in de Vere's bible turn out to be Shakespeare biblical
references."
"The entire Shakespeare canon is a highly autobiographical work of
literature if only we can refocus the lens on de Vere."
It was also a life that ended in major debt and illness. Edward de
Vere's death in 1604 seems the most difficult part of the Oxford
theory to reconcile with received wisdom. Plays such as The Winter's
Tale and The Tempest came after this date.
"The chronology is ironically a solid piece of evidence for de Vere,"
insisted Mark Anderson. "In fact the proponents of the evidence
actually suggest that the Shakespeare factory shut down in 1604.
"There are no new Shakespeare plays that appear in print after 1604
with two exceptions. "There's a brief period in 1608 and '09 when de
Vere's widow sold the house where they lived and I think it stands to
reason there was some house cleaning going on. "An orthodox scholar
would say there was a shipwreck in 1609 that The Tempest refers to.
"In fact there's some really good scholarship published that suggests
that it was a different shipwreck that was referenced in a couple of
16th century books that were in de Vere's father-in-law's library."
"Nature and intellectual life abhor a vacuum," added Dr Egan. "We
don't know enough about Shakespeare's biography. There are huge gaps
and because we know so little about him - despite his being one of the
most researched lives in literary history - the situation calls for
alternative explanations."
IT CALLS FOR ALTERNATIVE EXPLANATIONS? DOESN'T THAT MEAN THE STANDARD
EXPLANATION DOESN'T SATISFY THIS MAN?
"The real key to the authorship debate is the mismatch between what we
know of Shakespeare of Stratford and what we can infer about the
author of the plays when we read them. "When you look at the plays
without preconceptions of the author we'd have to say this is a highly
educated person, well travelled, with intricate knowledge of the
courts and aristocratic life.
ONLY IF YOU'RE AN ANTI-STRATFORDIAN.
"So the question is where did an obscure provincial boy gain all this
information and knowledge?"
THESE ARE THE WORDS OF A NEUTRAL OBSERVER?
"If you believe great writers have to be blue blooded then you would
think that somebody who was born in a market town outside London of
ordinary parents isn't going to be a good writer," said Emma Smith.
"But most people don't believe that it's something to do with social
status or wealth, it's to do with imaginative resources. "Shakespeare
clearly is an exceptional figure but he would be exceptional wherever
he was born.
"I find the idea that he couldn't learn about people and places in the
atmosphere of Stratford-upon-Avon a bit strange." And she insisted
the Bard is far from a mysterious figure. "We know a lot about
Shakespeare. "We know church records of his birth and marriage and
death.
"We know from legal records about where he lived in London.
"We know from accounts by people at the time of his rising status as a
poet and a dramatist.
"Ben Jonson writes a prefatory poem to the posthumous collected
edition of Shakespeare's works.
"He obviously knows Shakespeare, talks about him as a 'Swan of Avon' -
and so makes the link with Stratford - and gives his stamp to this
collection being by Shakespeare."
EMMA HERE MANAGES TO MAKE A FEW MINOR ARGUMENTS IN FAVOR OF
SHAKESPEARE, BUT THESE ARTICLES NEVER QUOTE THE BEST OPPONENTS OF ANTI-
STRATFORDIANISM, ONLY ACADEMICS.
Emma Smith also said there was little to commend the writings of de
Vere that are credited to him: "I don't think it compares to
Shakespeare at all. "I think that the Earl of Oxford is a competent
high status poet.
"Poetry was a high status thing for noblemen to be versed in.
"He does that well, he does that competently, but he doesn't seem to
have any relevance to Shakespeare."
Professor Nelson was much more dismissive: "They range from okay-
middle-of-the-road standard for the time to downright execrable."
"Comparison is odious and difficult," countered Dr Egan. "What we
have of the Earl of Oxford is clearly juvenilia and a lot of it is
songs and not necessarily poetry so it's very hard to compare the
apples and the oranges.
"A writer's early work doesn't necessarily bear a strong relationship
to his later work - I cite Henry James as an example - and many other
writers.
"It is credible that what we have of Oxford could be Shakespeare's
juvenilia.
"One only has to compare early Mozart with late Mozart.
"One can look at the early works of Michelangelo."
But Professor Nelson said: "The very worst poem that he wrote is
clearly dated to 1572 when he was 22 years old."
There remains the question of why Edward de Vere did not take credit
for the popular works of Shakespeare, but Mark Anderson felt the
content of the works was simply too contentious. "I think it's about
sex and politics.
"There's too much involving too many powerful people in these works
that really reveals them in some ways that are not entirely
flattering.
"De Vere was in the inner circle of Queen Elizabeth's court and
amongst her courtiers."
Kurt Kreiler quoted 17th century scholar John Selden in his book:
"'Tis ridiculous for a Lord to print verses, 'tis well enough to make
them to please himself but to make them publick is foolish."
"It's interesting that there's no question that Shakespeare wrote
Shakespeare in Shakespeare's lifetime and immediately afterwards,"
stated Emma Smith.
"No-one's questioning that, it doesn't really begin until the
nineteenth century.
"There seems to be absolutely no evidence that the Earl of Oxford was
a literary genius and had the ability to write and that seems a much
more important criterion for writing Shakespeare's works."
The Oxfordian vs Stratfordian debate will continue to rage and in the
meantime we are left to consider... was de Vere born great? Did
Shakespeare achieve Greatness? Or did de Vere have greatness thrust
upon him? That is the question.
NOT FOR ANYONE NOT MENTALLY DYSFUNCTIONAL ABOUT THE SUBJECT.
--Bob G