BrianDondlinger is a Global Business Process Manager of Product Development at the Harley-Davidson Motor Company. He has sixteen years of experience in the motorcycle industry including roles in design, manufacturing and process development. He holds five patents pertaining to internal combustion engine design.
Mr. Dondlinger holds bachelors and masters degrees in mechanical engineering from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and is a licensed Professional Engineer in the state of Wisconsin. While atUW-Madison, he competed in the SAE student design competition Baja SAE, and currently volunteers as a design judge for both Baja SAE and Formula SAE competitions. He has continued his love of racing by competing in Rally America and as an SFI certified Technical Inspector. He has taught continuing education seminars on Internal Combustion Engine Design and Mechanical Development.
With this article I really wanted to find out about the nuts and bots of vehicle engine sound design and implementation. So I contacted a few people and got some great responses and a fascinating insight into the process. My thanks to Stephen Baysted, Audio Director and Composer at Slightly Mad Studios, Greg Hill, Sound Designer at Soundwave Concepts, Adam Boyd, Sound Designer and John Twigg, Software Engineer at Crankcase Audio and Nick Wiswell, Audio Creative Director at Turn 10 Studios.
By the way I once heard about a technology according to engine sounds that you might have heard about as well.
It was the development of software that by using the a pressure sensor installed as close to the engines exhaust as possible (probably placed at the start of the exhaust manifold) the software used this pressure recording to construct an engine sound by sending the waves trough a virtual exhaust system with the right properties (like material type, material thickness, temperature, resonating properties and so on) to simulate the sound of the exhaust, I believe it was supposed to be used for exhaust manufacturers to sculpt the sound by drawing an exhaust system on the computer before actually making the exhaust.
Great article. I remember hearing a story (which I believe to be true) about a somewhat recent racing game being developed and at the Q/A stage, after an update, a lot of the testers found they were shaving seconds off of their lap-times and asked what had been changed about the physics or parameters of the vehicles that resulted in this. Turns out that nothing of the sort had been changed, but instead it was the threshold at which tire-squeel would be heard depending on the grip parameter which resulted in better feedback to the player. Interesting to see how important the audio is not only to the experience, but to the player performance.
This book provides an introduction to the design and mechanical development of reciprocating piston engines for vehicular applications. Beginning from the determination of required displacement and performance, coverage moves into engine configuration and architecture. Critical layout dimensions and design trade-offs are then presented for pistons, crankshafts, engine blocks, camshafts, valves, and manifolds. Coverage continues with material strength and casting process selection for the cylinder block and cylinder heads. Each major engine component and sub-system is then taken up in turn, from lubrication system, to cooling system, to intake and exhaust systems, to NVH. For this second edition latest findings and design practices are included, with the addition of over sixty new pictures and many new equations.
Kevin Hoag is an Institute Engineer in the Engine, Vehicle and Emission Research Division at Southwest Research Institute. Prior to joining Southwest Research Mr. Hoag was Associate Director of the University of Wisconsin Engine Research Center and a program director with the Department of Engineering Professional Development. He has more than 35 years of experience in internal combustion engine development, 16 years of which were with Cummins Engine Company, prior to joining the university. He joined the University of Wisconsin in 1999, where he was active in research, consulting, course development and teaching in continuing engineering education. He continues to teach Engine Design, and Engine Performance and Combustion, in Wisconsin's Master of Engineering in Engine Systems program. Mr. Hoag has been an active member in the Society of Automotive Engineers throughout his career. He was twice awarded Outstanding Younger Member and is a recipient of the Arch T. Colwell Award for technical publication pertaining to Second Law analysis of I.C. engines. He currently co-teaches SAE's Turbocharging Internal Combustion Engines course and serves as a session organizer on engine thermodynamics modeling. Mr. Hoag holds bachelors and masters degrees in mechanical engineering from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He is the author of two books, and over 30 technical papers. He holds two patents pertaining to internal combustion engine development.Brian Dondlinger is a Global Business Process Manager of Product Development at the Harley-Davidson Motor Company. He has sixteen years of experience in the motorcycle industry including roles in design, manufacturing and process development. He holds five patents pertaining to internal combustion engine design. Mr. Dondlinger holds bachelors and masters degrees in mechanical engineering from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and is a licensed Professional Engineer in the state of Wisconsin. While atUW-Madison, he competed in the SAE student design competition Baja SAE, and currently volunteers as a design judge for both Baja SAE and Formula SAE competitions. He has continued his love of racing by competing in Rally America and as an SFI certified Technical Inspector. He has taught continuing education seminars on Internal Combustion Engine Design and Mechanical Development.
Automobiles of the twenty-first century is poised to advance at a rapid pace with greater emphasis on lightweight structures, high efficiency powertrains, intelligent control systems, lower emissions, robust design and manufacturing, as well as improved comfort and safety. This certificate program gives an opportunity for automotive engineers interested in high efficiency powertrains to learn to about the advancements in engines, transmissions, electric and hybrid vehicles, and emission controls. (12 credit hours)
This course introduces the basics of energy storage systems for EDV. It will cover battery basics, ultracapacitors, flywheels, and hybrid energy storage concepts. Battery management, battery charging, and battery safety will be covered. Finally, the requirements of EDV and renewable energy application examples will be explained. Lead acid, nickel metal hydride, and lithium ion batteries will be covered. Other energy storage systems such as super conducting magnetic, hydraulic, compressed air, and integrated (hybrid) energy storage systems, will be discussed as well. (3 credits)
Study of automotive sensory requirements; types of sensors; available sensors and future needs. Study of functions and types of actuators in automotive systems. Dynamic models of sensors and actuators. Integrated smart sensors and actuators. Term project. (3 credits)
To introduce fundamental concepts and the electrical aspects of HEV, including the design, control, modeling, battery and other energy storage devices, and electric propulsion systems. It covers vehicle dynamics, energy sources, electric propulsion systems, regenerative braking, parallel and series HEV design, practical design considerations, and specifications of hybrid vehicles. (3 credits)
This course covers fundamental thermo-fluid principles and advanced topics in thermal management of conventional and electric drive vehicles (EDVs). The topics include: principles of energy conservation, heat transfer, and fluid mechanics; vehicle thermal management system and components; electrification of vehicle thermal management system; EDV thermal management; battery thermal management in EDVs; and waste energy recovery. (3 credits)
Topics in vehicle powertrain kinematics and dynamics, engine output characteristics, vehicle road load analysis, engine-transmission matching, design and analysis of gears and gear systems, planetary gear trains, design of powertrain components, clutch design and analysis, transmission design and analysis, torque and ratio analysis of automatic transmissions. (3 credits)
Simulation of vehicle performance; dynamics in gear shifting; engine balance, fuel economy, and performance related to powertrains; powertrain arrangements, manual and automatic transmissions, automotive axles, four-wheel-drive systems; design and manufacturing of gearing systems. (3 credits)
This course focuses on the Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) characteristics of Electric Vehicles (EV), Hybrid Electrical Vehicles (HEV), and Plug-In Electric Vehicles (PHEV). Topics include principles of mechanical vibration and acoustics, driveline induced noise/vibration from both conventional internal combustion engine and electrical motor/generator, cooling fan noise, regenerative braking system and electrical accessory noise. The potential countermeasures for typical noise/vibration sources will be presented. The course consists of classroom lectures and experimental laboratory sessions. The laboratory sessions will provide the student with hands-on experience on noise/vibration measurements and analyses. The student will be required to carry out a course project on NVH related subject of electrified vehicles. (3 credits)
Comparison of several forms of internal combustion engines including Otto and Diesel type piston engines; performance parameters and testing; thermodynamic cycles and fuel-air cycles; combustion in SI and Diesel engines; charge formation and handling; ignition; elements of exhaust emissions. (3 credits)
Fuel flow and air flow measurements and techniques; engine maps; fuel and ignition control and control strategies; combustion and burn rate considerations in engine design; intake and exhaust systems; emissions and control strategies; emission test procedures. (3 credits)
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