Orifice Sizing Calculation Software 24

[Julia Kozub]

Flow-Lin provides numerous services for our customers including bore calculations, flow-versus-differential curves, temperature/pressure correction curves, cavitation analysis, and laboratory flow calibrations. Our engineering department welcomes the challenge presented by complicated flow problems found in liquids, steam, and gases. We also offer computer software for engineers to run bore calculations for orifice plates, flow nozzles, or venturi tubes (U.S. or S.I. units). The software uses the latest ASME and ISO references to ensure the best calculation accuracy.

Daniel Orifice Flow Calculator uses the ASME MFC-3M 1989 equation to determine the rate of fluid flowing for 2" and larger pipe sizes. It will display the respective ratio, or orifice diameter to pipe diameter, for a given set of input variables. Provided for estimation purposes only, this simple, single-window program assists in sizing an orifice meter and bore size, though the calculated values for the beta ratio are approximate, typically within 2% - 5% for gases and steam, and 1% for liquids.

Orifice Sizing Calculation Software 24

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The program's interface provides fields for inputting the operating temperature and pressure, base specific gravity, pipe size and ID, flow rate and type and differential pressure. I found that there are two calculation variables that the program does not take into account - The Reynolds Number correction and the Expansion factor. If no compressibility correction factor is entered, greater inaccuracies will occur for gas calculations with high operating pressures. Still, Daniel Orifice Flow Calculator provides useful assistance in the calculation of orifice diameters for estimation purposes.

In our last article, we discussed restriction orifices in detail. The same article also lists the important factors on which the sizing of a restriction orifice depends. Click here to recapitulate those before proceeding with actual RO sizing steps.

Of many kinds of flow restriction devices, restriction orifices (RO) are frequently used, because they are simple and economical devices. RO is applied to regulate the flow rate or pressure. This article will provide the guidelines for the sizing of the Restriction Orifice. It should be noted that this standard practice is applicable to single-phase fluids only.Inputs Required for Restriction Orifice SizingThe following is a summary of input data to be prepared for the design of RO:

(3) Minimum allowable value of cavitation index for liquid serviceif(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined')ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'whatispiping_com-medrectangle-4','ezslot_5',662,'0','0']);__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-whatispiping_com-medrectangle-4-0');Output from the Restriction Orifice Design(1) Single orificeOrifice diameterThe pressure at vena-contractaif(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined')ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'whatispiping_com-banner-1','ezslot_9',801,'0','0']);__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-whatispiping_com-banner-1-0');Velocity at orificeCalculated cavitation index (for liquid)Critical or non-critical (for vapor)(2) Multi-stage orificeRequired stage numberOrifice diameter of each orificeDistance between adjacent orifice platesInlet and outlet pressures of each orificeThe pressure at vena-contracta of each orificeVelocity at each orificeCalculated cavitation index of each orificePrinciples of RO Sizing CalculationFlow restriction orifice calculation for Gas ServiceCritical Pressure Ratio:The critical pressure ratio, rc can be obtained from the following equation.Orifice Diameter:The equation for orifice diameter should be selected using equation (2), depending on whether the flow is critical or non-critical.

(A) Critical flow (sonic region)- When the ratio of downstream pressure to upstream pressure, r4, is smaller than or equal to the critical pressure ratio, rc, the following equation of orifice diameter for a critical flow should be used.(B) Non-critical flow (subsonic region)- The following equation of orifice diameter can be used for the non-critical flow region.Advertisementsif(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined')ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'whatispiping_com-leader-1','ezslot_10',659,'0','0']);__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-whatispiping_com-leader-1-0');Restriction orifice calculation for Liquid Service:Orifice Diameter:Cavitation IndexIn order to avoid the cavitation problem, the minimum allowable value of the cavitation index, Kd, should be selected based on the following:

Company Background and Software

LMNO Engineering, Research, and Software, Ltd., is located in Athens, Ohio (USA), and was formed in 1998. It is owned and operated by Ken Edwards, Ph.D., P.E., and Debbie Edwards, EIT. Our address and phone are 7860 Angel Ridge Rd., Athens, Ohio 45701, (740) 707-2614. Our e-mail address is LMNO LMNOeng.com.

LMNO Engineering is a software development, consulting, and education firm. Our software goal is to have a website where practitioners, governments, educators, and students can find an organized collection of powerful, useful, yet easy to use programs. Our specialty is fluid flow of gases and liquids including pipes, culverts, weirs, flumes, orifices, nozzles, venturis, open channels, groundwater, and hydrology. We also have software for computing tank volume, unit conversions, and molecular weight. We have recorded videos of fluid mechanics experiments. Fluid flow encompasses the disciplines of civil, mechanical, chemical, environmental, nuclear, and hydrogeologic engineering; and science.

Consulting Projects. Resumes of the owners are shown below.

In addition to software development, LMNO Engineering provides consulting services. The following is a list of our consulting projects and the year that we worked on them. Due to confidentiality agreements, some projects are not listed in detail.

2001: Theoretical rating table and equation for extra large 60o V-Trapezoidal Flume and comparisons to other investigations. Calculations and report.

2001: Effectiveness of pipe inside wall coatings on velocity and discharge. Calculations and report.

2002: Shelf load ratings. Calculations and report.

2002: Determine diameter variation and flow rate through an expanding tube for a liquid flowing in the laminar region. Equation development and spreadsheet.

2002: Determine critical depth, normal depth, and sequent depth in vicinity of hydraulic jump in 48-inch diameter pipe. Equation development and spreadsheet.

2002: Bypass loop calculations for density transducer. Calculations, Java program, and report.

2002: Reviewed FORTRAN program for bearing lubrication analysis.

2002: Determine surface area of asymmetric oblate ellipsoid. Equation development, spreadsheet, and report.

2002: Inflow to drain channel. Calculations and report.

2002: Culvert sizing. Report.

2003: Pipeline pressure testing analysis. Report.

2003: Gas mixture properties and flowrates. Calculations and report.

2003: Pipe network analysis for water cannons. Calculations and report.

2003: Flow meter calculation. Checked client's method.

2003: Bullet tank volume spreadsheet. Checked client's method.

2003: Drainage block evaluation. Report.

2004: Discharge coefficient determination for spraying. Spreadsheet.

2004: Decantation launder design (design of open channels with uniform inflow). Calculations and report.

2004: Piston engine analysis. Calculations and report.

2004: Development of software for controlled injection through orifices. Equation development, computer program, and report.

2004: Pressure calculations for acoustic diffuser. Equation development and report.

2004: High viscosity flow from caulking gun. Equation development, spreadsheet, and report.

2004: Ice rink heat transfer calculations. Equation development and report.

2004: Siphon pipeline analysis. Calculations and report.

2004: Wastewater treatment plant pipe sizing. Calculations and report.

2004: Swimming pool gutter flow rate predictions. Calculations and report.

2004: Orifice coefficients at low Reynolds numbers. Spreadsheet.

2004: Expert witness. Wastewater discharge. Report.

2005: Determination of peak discharge for sub-basins in Colorado. Calculations and report.

2005: Natural gas pipeline design. Shelf load rating analyses.

2005: Orifice and nozzle as alternatives to venturi injectors. Calculations and report.

2005: Discharge from overflow pipe. Calculations and report.

2005: Blood flow through heart. Calculations and spreadsheet.

2005: Water flow to be drained by partially full circular pipe. Calculations and report.

2005: Forces on pipe sled on river in Texas. Calculations and report.

2005: Flowrate and forces in a tapped pipe. Calculations and report.

2005: Evaluation of pressure relief valves.

2005: Pressure drop through 24-inch diameter pivoting pipe. Equation development, spreadsheet, and report.

2005: Flow through a pressurized hose. Calculations and report.

2005: Culvert flow. Calculations and report.

2005: Silo volume and weight. Equation development and spreadsheet.

2005: Flowrate, pressure, temperature, diameter, and force relationships for gas flow through a piezovalve. Equation development, spreadsheet, and report.

2005: Head loss through manhole outlet features. Equation development and spreadsheet.

2005: Siphoning water over a dam. Experiments, calculations, and report.

2005: Discharge from a clarifier. Calculations and report.

2006: Discharge through various size butterfly valves with various upstream depths. Calculations and spreadsheet.

2006: Parshall Flume rating table. Spreadsheet.

2006: Depth and flow rate of trench drains. Spreadsheet.

2006: Effect of air resistance on water jet. Spreadsheet.

2006: System curve and pump curve for sump. Calculations and spreadsheet.

2006: Compound weir depth versus flowrate rating curve. Calculations and report.

2006: Culvert flow. Calculations and report.

2006: Hydraulics and hydrology calculations for a subdivision in Oregon. Calculations and report.

2006: Shear and normal forces on retaining block wall. Equation development and report.

2006: Hydraulic system diameter and contact area computations. Equation development and report.

2006: Water flow analysis in flooded basement. Calculations and report.

2006: Water jets in oral surgery. Equations and report.

2006: Diameter, rating curve, and guidelines for manufacture and installation of an orifice for steam flow measurement. Calculations, spreadsheet, and report.

2006: Effectiveness of dual inlet for increasing pressure at a blower. Spreadsheet.

2006: Unsteady flow of gas out of a tank. Equation development, spreadsheet, and report.

2006: Open channel flow of liquid ammonia in a piping system. Calculations and report.

2006: Flow of liquid in small bore orifice with corner taps. Spreadsheet.

2006: Rotating cylinder viscometer. Equation development.

2006: Peak discharge and detention volume for a development. Calculations and report.

2006: Detention basin orifice sizing. Calculations and report.

2006: Maximum discharge through pipe arch culvert under inlet control. Calculations and report.

2006: Peak discharge, detention volume, and orifice sizing for a subdivision. Calculations and report.

2006: Peak discharge, detention volume, and orifice sizing for another subdivision. Calculations and report.

2006: Runoff calculations for a stormwater pollution prevention facility. Calculations and report.

2007: Fire hydrant flows and pressures. Calculations and report.

2007: V-notch weir rating table and design. Calculations and spreadsheet.

2007: High viscosity flow modeling of impact absorbing crash cushion. Equation development, spreadsheet, and report.

2007: Review of HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS modeling. Report.

2007: Air evacuation calculations. Equation development and report.

2007: Expert witness. Open channel flow modeling with HEC-RAS. Report and deposition.

2007: Flow through three horizontal 4-ft diameter CMP culverts. Calculations and report.

2007: Orifice sizing for gas flow. Calculations and report.

2007: Volume of liquid versus depth in inclined cylindrical tank, beveled tank, and V-tank. Calculations and spreadsheet.

2007: Hydrologic and hydraulic analysis for floodway development in Gallia County, Ohio.

2008: Orifice sizing to obtain desired vena-contracta pressure. Equation development and spreadsheet.

2008: EPANET modeling of a water distribution system in Iraq. Computer analysis.

2008: V-notch weir sizing and installation guidance. Calculations.

2008: Pressure loss and heat transfer through small ducts of various shapes. Report.

2008: Gas pressure drop through tubing. Equation development and spreadsheet.

2008: Choked flow of gas out of a pressurized tank through piping and elbows. Equation development.

2008: Modeling monoethylene glycol in an open channel/pressurized flow piping system. Calculations and report.

2008: Water depth profile in a culvert. HEC-RAS modeling and report.

2009: Re-circulation pumping of water in an open channel. Equation development and spreadsheet.

2009: Low temperature thermal cracking of asphalt binders for roads.

2009: Water flow over 120o compound weir. Equation development.

2009: Gasoline pumping power and net positive suction head computations. Computer simulations.

2009: Flow rate and losses through back-to-back grilles in a clean room. Equation development.

2009: Determine valve flow coefficient from flow and pressure drop data. Equation development.

2009: Siphon water from pond through pipe. Equation development and computer simulation.

2009: Gas pipeline pressure drop. Computer simulations.

2009: Boat water volume displaced and center of gravity. Equation development and spreadsheet.

2009: Diameter, pressure, flow, and "throw" of air from duct. Equation development.

2009: Nitrogen temperature, pressure, and velocity changes in small tube under choking conditions. Equation development and spreadsheet.

2010: Groundwater gradient and flow direction. Calculations.

2010: Temperature, pressure, and velocity variation in air diffuser. Equation development.

2010: Viscosity blending calculations (methanol, ethanol, water) and pressure drop calculations. Equation development and spreadsheet.

2010: Liquid flow through small diameter needles and tapered needles. Equation development and spreadsheet.

2010: Liquid pressure loss through spirally wound tubing. Calculations and spreadsheet.

2010: Steam generation calculations.

2010: Drag on a neutrally buoyant sphere due to a gas and liquid flowing upward in vertical pipe. Calculations and spreadsheet.

2010: Culvert flow. Equation development, computer simulations, and report.

2010: Choked flow of steam out of an orifice. Equations and spreadsheet.

2010: Pressures due to flow of enzymes in feed mill. Calculations and report.

2010: Pressure losses in a oil well drill string. Equations and spreadsheet.

2010: Flow over multiple rectangular weirs. Equations and spreadsheet.

2010: Flow and pressure losses in a venturi. Equations and spreadsheet.

2011: Choked air flow. Calculations and report.

2011: Pressure and flow into a pipe due to natural circulation. Calculations and spreadsheet.

2011: Culvert critical flow. Calculations and spreadsheet.

2011: Flow through an open channel heat exchanger. Calculations.

2011: Culvert flow. Spreadsheet.

2011: Air flow in a pipe network. Modeling and report.

2011: Expert witness. Pressure changes in internal flow due to gravity. Report.

2011: Flow rate and pressure drop for grouting a well. Calculations and spreadsheet.

2011: Water flow through a network of pipes discharging over a weir. EPANET modeling and report.

2011: Low Reynolds number flow of oil through a nozzle. Equations.

2011: Impact of temperature change on volume measurement in a petroleum storage tank. Report.

2011: Heat transfer in ponds and waterfalls. Equations and calculations.

2011: Pressure drop and flow through a spring check valve.

2011: Floodplain analysis and impact of bridges.

2012: V-notch weir design and installation recommendations. Report.

2012: Trapezoidal flume equation unit conversions. Report.

2012: Relief valve test verification.

2012: Velocity comparisons in sewer pipes. Spreadsheet.

2012: Horizontal cylinder volume compuations. Spreadsheet.

2012: Flooding analysis. Report.

2012: Water hammer analysis. Calculations.

2012: Heat transfer augmentation in piping. Calculations.

2012: Inverted siphon analysis and design. Report.

2012: Gas flow calculations using Weymouth equation. Report.

2012: Inclined cylinder volume in tank as a function of measured depth. Spreadsheet.

2013: Pump system and pump curves. Spreadsheet.

2013: Siphon flow. Spreadsheet.

2013: Discharge from a clarifier. Spreadsheet.

2013: Friction testing of a roof-mounted solar photovoltaic array.

2013: Pipe flow network design. Report and spreadsheet.

2013: Culvert discharges at various Froude numbers.

2013: Expert witness. Fluid mechanics. Report.

2013: Groundwater flow into a parking garage. Report.

2013: Detention volume calculations. Report.

2014: Peak runoff analysis using Rational equation. Report.

2014: Bearing leakage rate calculations. Spreadsheet.

2014: Derivation of velocity versus distance upstream of a submerged orifice. Calculations.

2014: Fire hydrant flow analysis. Report.

2014: Oil skimming calculations.

2014: Analysis of Hazen-Williams Coefficients for smooth surfaces. Report.

2014: Compressible gas flow through an injector. Calculations and spreadsheet.

2015: Open channel flow in zero depth entry pool. Calculations and spreadsheet.

2015: Heat transfer in twisted pipe. Report.

2015: Stream channel riprap literature review. Report.

2015: Rating chart for horizontal tank with conical ends.

2016: Inverted siphon design. Report, computer program, spreadsheet.

2016: Inclined tank rating charts for partially full liquid in a tank.

2016: Hydrology modeling, flooding, and culvert flow. Report and spreadsheet.

2016: Culvert velocities and Froude numbers chart.

2016: Liquid and gas trajectory modeling. Report and spreadsheet.

2016: Water distribution system modeling using EPANET. Report.

2016: Lake level drop prediction with time due to partial removal of dam. Report.

2016: Forces on a drilling tool subject to water flow in a well. Report.

2016: Forces on a rotating disk. Report and spreadsheet.

2016: Manifold flow. Report and computer program.

2016: Gas flow through a fluidized bed. Report and spreadsheet.

2017: Nozzle water jet height. Report and spreadsheet.

2017: Pump affinity laws and impeller diameters. Spreadsheet.

2017: Downcomer liquid spread and trajectory.

2017: Orifice sizing for pipe network flow control. Report and spreadsheet.

2017: Heat transfer water cooling and heating times in a pipe network. Report and spreadsheet.

2017: Head loss through storm sewer manhole baffle. Spreadsheet.

2017: Pressure surge analysis.

2017: Pressure loss in gas pipeline. Report.

2017: Culvert sizing for storm flow. Report.

2017: Fuel leak rate through pipe crack. Report.

2018: Open channel pipeline design. Report and spreadsheet.

2018: Hydraulic jump in circular pipe. Report.

2018: Culvert sizing. Report.

2018: Load ratings for shelves. Report.

2018: Pressure due to instantaneous valve closure. Report.

2018: Fire hydrant flow modeling using EPANET.

2018: Pressure loss calculations for various pipe coatings for gas flow. Report.

2018: Transient gas pressure loss in a long narrow tube. Method of characteristics. Report and computer program.

2018: Oil leak rate from submerged tank. Report.

2018: Gas flow calculations for relief valves. Report.

2018: Liquid pipe network pump sizing. Report.

2018: Air flushing of liquid through pipe network. Report.

2019: Reverse osmosis system design. Equation development. Report.

2019: Fire hydrant flow analysis. EPANET modeling.

2019: Stormwater manhole flow analysis. Equation development. Report and spreadsheet.

2019: Maximum force during gas pipeline failure. Equation development. Report.

2019: Culvert flow rate measurement methods. Spreadsheet and report.

2019: Wastewater aeration. Equation development, spreadsheet, report.

2019: Culvert sizing. Report.

2019: Industrial safety shower/eyewash piping design and heat transfer. Equation development, spreadsheet, report.

2019: Water flow measurement in a flume. Equation, report.

2019: Pressure losses in coated pipes. Equations and report.

2019: Water tower piping. Equation development, spreadsheet, report.

2019: Natural gas flow rate. Computer program and report.

2020: Pressure loss in steel annular pipe. Report.

2020: Pump discharge pressure and distance between pumps. Spreadsheet and report.

2020: Plasma cutting table wash system - manifold water jet trajectory, hole sizing, and spacing. Report.

2020: Drag force on diver near spillway. Spreadsheet and report.

2020: Geotechnical analysis of helical piles. Spreadsheet and report.

2020: Inducing air flow into a water pipe for aeration. Spreadsheet and report.

2020: Pipeline rupture flow analysis. Report.

2020: Gas flow equation analysis. Report.

2021: Water tower internal weir design. Equation development, spreadsheet, report.

2021: Siphon design for holding pond outflow. Equation development, Report.

2021: Venturi meter for gas flow analysis. Report.

2021: Gas leak detection numerical analysis. Report.

2021: Drag force due to flowing water. Equations development, Report, spreadsheet.

2021: HEC-RAS steady and unsteady river flow modeling. Report.

2021: Sedimentation in stormwater manhole. Data analysis, equation development, report, spreadsheet.

2021: Water hammer analysis. Report.

2021: Helical pile analysis. Spreadsheet.

2022: Fire hydrant analysis. Report.

2022: Oil surge pressure during rapid shut-off of a shutter valve. Report.

2022: Flow rate and pressure loss across a filter. Report.

2022: High viscosity liquid flow through pipe manifold, valve, and pump, modeling using EPANET. Report.

2022: River modeling using HEC-RAS. Report.

2022: Runoff flow rate, volume, and storage calculations. Report.

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