I think I have an idea about how to do this, but I wanted some guidance from the Ansible community:
What I would like to do is the following:
1) Run ansible-playbook
2) Ensure that there are X nodes in EC2 matching some criteria (an instance tag would be best), and create additional instances as necessary to bring the count up to X
3) Add each of the instance found/created to the set of hosts or the play
4) Add host variables based on instance tags on each of the instances
5) Run my play (and all associated roles) against that list of hosts built from the previous steps.
Thanks for the help.