Hi Guillaume,
A few things you could try.
Run with -vvvvv to see if the module is being run.
2/ set
ANSIBLE_KEEP_REMOTE_FILES=1 on your controller before running your playbook.
This will then not delete the powershell scripts so you can log into the affected machine and run them directly in powershell
3/ check event log for errors.
Hopefully you can find out what the problem is using the above.
Jon