Well the problem is if you just re-run the failed parts, you won't be validating that the previous steps can run again cleanly on top a second time, right? In which case, running them again makes sense, as it will just go over the server policy and check to make sure everything is up to date.
I understand what you are saying about targetting specific parts of the config, and I do like tagged roles for that kind of thing pretty well.
Some people like --start-at-task, which sounds like it will do what you want though, start at that particular point. I don't use it though.