Hi John
Smells to me like testing 'such routing' fits squarely in 'e2e' or 'integration' testing, not unit testing so the approach you have outlined seems valuable. There are a number of components at work during routing, $routeProvider, the browser and your code, to truly Unit test your code's part in this orchestration, you would need to 'mock out' both $routeProvider and the browser.
Maybe what you really want to test is that you are configuring the $routeProvider properly so maybe you can 'expect' the $routeProvider config?
Michael