This is far off-topic for NDK, but I'll give a brief answer here and
suggest android-porting for follow-up and further discussion of low-
level audio and tinyalsa.
Android low-level audio is handled by AudioFlinger service within
mediaserver process. AudioFlinger does not assume ALSA drivers.
Instead it accesses the audio drivers via a user-mode hardware
abstraction library called the "audio HAL". So not all Android devices
have ALSA device nodes. Even when there is ALSA present, mediaserver
owns the audio devices, so what you're describing would likely require
stopping mediaserver.