"Flamenco and its Afterlives: Embodied Archive and Communal Practice."
Organizer(s): Theresa Margaret Goldbach (San Antonio, TX), K. Meira Goldberg (Fashion Institute of Technology), Jennifer Mckenzie (N/A)
Chair(s): K. Meira Goldberg (Fashion Institute of Technology)
Flamenco has historically been overlooked in mainstream music and dance studies. However, looking at flamenco through a postcolonial theoretical lens can offer productive insights into the complex processes of culture’s embodied formation and circulations. This panel focuses on flamenco–and in particular on flamenco dance as an embodied musical and literary practice–as an archive and a methodology, as a way of knowing. Ranging in historiographical focus from medieval Iberia to the present, this panel explores how flamenco usefully and distinctively illuminates questions regarding the contestation of identities and spaces ranging from inside to outside, from pre- to post-national, from religious to racialized, from analog to digital. What are the afterlives of landmark live music and dance venues that die of COVID, capitalism, and the neoliberal distribution of funding? How does the flamenco community mourn these losses, and how is it reshaped through this process? How has flamenco practice and identity become an organizing framework for protest and activism in times of pandemic and financial crisis? What discourses of nationalism are activated in the advocacy of the national association formed to protect flamenco tablaos, clubs, on the verge of extinction, that have historically not only provided steady work, but also an essential training ground for flamenco artists? And what embodied knowledge, about the relationship of movement to music and text, for example, is accessible only through such sites of communal practice? Can such knowledge be used as a historical methodology? Zeroing in on particular moments in time, specific places and financial transactions, individual musical gestures and syntactic codes, these papers explore the deep
Presentations of the Symposium
“Yo no temo a la muerte”: Embodied protest as Resistance to the Death of Flamenco Tablao Villa Rosa
Theresa Goldbach
San Antonio, TX
In this paper I analyze performative commemorations and protests surrounding the closure of flamenco tablaos (performance venues) in Madrid, Spain due to COVID lockdowns and lack of funding or support for artists and workers. In March of 2021, after a year of forcible closure due to COVID restrictions, the over a century old flamenco tablao Villa Rosa in the center of Madrid closed its doors for good. To commemorate the closure, performers staged a flamenco funeral outside the doors of the beloved site. This performance was one of several embodied protests staged over the year of lockdowns and closures in Spain to draw attention to the plight of flamenco venues and performers throughout Spain who were unable to work due to the nature of restrictions. These protests formed part of a global campaign to save live music venues and performers known as #alertaroja in Spain and #redalert in the US. The staging of a funeral not only implies an anthropomorphizing of the site but also that the closure is a form of death. COVID was the immediate cause of death but the financial structures of capitalism and neoliberal distribution of funding were the underlying conditions that aggravated it. Do embodied protests bring enough attention and support to the ongoing struggle of live music venues? If not, how can any communal performance cultures and socialities survive in the context of exploitation of urban real estate resources and cyclical financial and environmental catastrophes?
Gesturing Toward the Refrain: Using Flamenco Rhythmic and Verse Structures to Research Medieval Iberian Dance
K. Meira Goldberg
Fashion Institute of Technology
How can practice-based dance knowledge fit and can be integrated into our study of history? While few traces of medieval dance survive, hundreds of poems from the medieval Iberian songbook have been conserved and exhaustively studied. These lyrics were sung and danced, and Western culture has retained many traces of this performance, from instruments such as the lute, to verse-rhyme structures in carols such as “Jingle Bells.” I propose using flamenco dance gesture, which is inseparable from music and verse structures, as a dance historical methodology. Medieval Iberian lyrics are strikingly similar to flamenco verses in incorporating a vuelta, a melodic and rhyming signal, into their structure, prompting the audience to join in—today in saying ¡Ole!—historically, in singing the estribillo, or refrain, after each verse. Because the audience sang the estribillo over and over, it was memorized and thus readily transmitted as a portable fragment from song to song and from generation to generation; indeed, the estribillo is central to flamenco practice today. I am studying a gesture that I call the “pellizco” (pinch), which embodies the vuelta, or coming end of the verse. The pellizco is fundamental to flamenco practice, done always, and by everyone—singers, guitarists, dancers, hand-percussionists, and listeners alike—foretelling the final ¡Ole! Referencing flamenco dance knowledge as a repository of non-White and non-elite practices, I am tracing a capillary system in Afro-Islamicate Iberia that nourishes the European canon, but whose unique nature and constituent elements are often blanketed by the politics of Whiteness.
SOS Tablaos Flamencos- Defending Live Flamenco Performance’s “Value” to the Spanish Ministry of Culture
Jennifer McKenzie
N/A
In this paper, I examine the work of the Asociación Nacional de Tablaos Flamencos (ANTFES). This organization was established in 2020 in response to the grave financial pressure which tablaos (live performance venues for flamenco) and the artists who worked in them experienced at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, especially as tourism, travel, and live performance were heavily restricted. ANTFES’ stated aim was to appeal to the Spanish Ministry of Culture to secure financial support for tablaos and for the flamenco artists who work in them, both through direct payments and through the inclusion of tablaos and their workers in extended ERTE relief programs. In addition to direct petitions, ANTFES coordinated a series of online appeals by a number of flamenco artists using the hashtag #SOSTablaosFlamencos.
How successful was ANTFES and #SOSTablaosFlamencos at accomplishing these aims, and what is the role of ANTFES for Spanish tablaos today? I will discuss the employment of discourses of nationalism in ANTFES’ work both by the founders and the artists who supported their efforts, situating them in the history of discussion of tablaos’ roles in the flamenco complex and in the lives of flamenco artists, flamenco’s role in the Spanish tourism industry, and the tourism industry’s role in the Spanish capitalist economy.