At the script level, the commands r, rI, and rJ generate an error if
you try to specify a number greater than 10. This was put in when
one student at CALTECH tried using 2 levels of refinement with a
ratio of 100 and was surprised that he kept on running out of memory;
at least until I pointed out that in 2D each refined cell resulted in
10,000 cells!
As far as your question is concerned, there's no real reason why you
couldn't use a refinement ratio of 5, but depending on the details
of the flow you might be pushing your luck. You need to keep two
basic points in mind as you increase r: (i) the interpolation at
fine-coarse boundaries will get progressively less accurate; (ii)
the stable time step is updated less frequently. In practice (ii)
is likely to kill before (i). Hence in practice r is kept to be
2,3 or 4. But again that's not to say a value of 5 can't be
used if the circumstances are right.
James