What is the technical term in Physics

[Boso deniro]

for everything coming apart and disassembling?

[bert]

On Friday, 3 February 2023 at 12:16:26 UTC, Boso deniro wrote:
> What is the technical term in Physics

> for everything coming apart and disassembling?

Disintegration, I suppose.

[Sam Plusnet]

Entropy?

--
Sam Plusnet

[Jerry Friedman]

The Second Coming? (Yeats.)

--
Jerry Friedman

[Peter Moylan]

Is that the same as differentiation?

--
Peter Moylan Newcastle, NSW http://www.pmoylan.org

[Bebercito]

Le vendredi 3 février 2023 à 13:16:26 UTC+1, Boso deniro a écrit :
> for everything coming apart and disassembling?

Decohesion?

[Boso deniro]

Yes! Bingo! Thank you!

After I posted it, it finally came to me just like it usually does.

I resort to posting it though just in case it doesn't.

When it finally did come to me, it reminded me of the book title:

"I always forget what "egregious" Means"

If I were to steal the idea and adapt it for a little book on vocabulary, I'd call it:

"The four words I always forget and neither should you: Intrepid, Formidable, Entropy and Inertia" OR

"Four words not to Forget: Intrepid, Formidable, Entropy, Inertia OR

"Never forget these four words: "Intrepid, Formidable, Entropy, and Inertia" OR

Assemble all the titles in quotes above in an omnibus and call it "Redundant".

[Anton Shepelev]

Boso deniro:

> I always forget what "egregious" Means"

I remember that word together with `gregarious'. I first
met with the latter in "Moby Dick," where Melville writes
that whales are not gregarious. `egregious' means an
opposite thing of sorts -- something outside the mob,
outstanding.

--
() ascii ribbon campaign -- against html e-mail
/\ www.asciiribbon.org -- against proprietary attachments

[Anton Shepelev]

Peter Moylan to Boso deniro:

> > Disintegration, I suppose.
>
> Is that the same as differentiation?

Of course, even as a demonstration is riddance of monsters.

[Dingbat]

On Saturday, February 4, 2023 at 12:34:16 AM UTC-8, Boso deniro wrote:
> "I always forget what "egregious" Means"
>

Distinguished. Negatively in English. Positively in Italian:
'Egregio Professori' (vocative) means 'Distinguished Professor'.

[Dingbat]

That's when it comes apart spontaneously. A Muslim leader in India,
the late Syed Shahabuddin, once claimed that Somnath temple
disintegrated. He was being disingenuous; it was destroyed by
Mohammed Ghazni, an invading king from Afghanistan.

[Silvano]

Dingbat hat am 07.02.2023 um 06:30 geschrieben:

Actually, the most common use of "egregio" in Italian is in "egregio
signor (surname)" or "egregi signori" at the beginning of a letter, like
"Dear Sir" or "Dear Sirs".
Also, it's either "egregio professore" about one professor or "egregi
professori" about two or more professors.

An interesting difference: Italian "professori" teach at universities,
but also at high schools, German "Professoren" only at universities.
Where do professors in English-speaking countries teach?

[Peter Moylan]

Outside North America, "Professor" is the highest rank in a university
department, and there are no professors in high schools. In any
department you'd find only one professor, or perhaps a small number if
the department has endowed chairs. (Historically, the professor was also
the department head, but that has changed.) The other academics are
associate professors, senior lecturers, and lecturers. The ranks "tutor"
and "senior tutor" also exist, but those are usually non-tenured
positions, typically occupied by PhD students.

Some universities use "reader" rather than "associate professor" for the
second-highest rank.

In North America, "professor" applies to a much larger range of people.

[Boso deniro]

Getting back to entropy, would inertia or expansion of the universe be the opposite be the opposite of entropy?

[J. J. Lodder]

Entropy is a technical term in physics.
It is not about everything coming apart.

Jan

[Peter T. Daniels]

That term always seems demeaning.

> In North America, "professor" applies to a much larger range of people.

"Associate" ones have tenure, "Assistant" ones don't.

At Chicago, a professor can be honored with "Distinguished Service
Professor of ...," but I don't recall any who weren't also the incumbents
of endowed chairs. A chair can be named for a distinguished faculty
member -- e.g. Erica Reiner and then Matt Stolper were the John A.
Wilson Professor of Oriental Studies," and Hans Guterbock was the
Tiffany and Margaret Blake (Distinguished Service) Professor of
Hittitology." (I saw from a recent U of C Magazine that the current
T & M B Prof is in a completely different field).

But in an outpouring of reverse snobbery, Chicago professors are
not addressed as "Professor" or "Doctor" but only as "Mr." or "Ms."
(Well, it was Miss Reiner.) I left long enough ago to not know what
form of address is prescribed for the gender-fluid professoriat.

[Jerry Friedman]

On Tuesday, February 7, 2023 at 3:25:13 AM UTC-7, Silvano wrote:
...

> An interesting difference: Italian "professori" teach at universities,
> but also at high schools, German "Professoren" only at universities.
> Where do professors in English-speaking countries teach?

In the U.S., professors teach (or maybe get away with doing research
only) at colleges and universities, not high schools.

Typically, the ranks are full professor or maybe just professor,
associate professor, assistant professor, and then others that may
or may not have "professor" in the title, such as adjunct professor.
The first two kinds are typically tenured, that is, those professors
keep their jobs except in extreme circumstances. Assistant
professors are typically "tenure-track", that is, they are hoping for
promotion to associate professor if they publish a lot and somebody
retires at the right moment. They often have to leave if they don't
get tenure within six years or so.

In my experience, undergraduates are barely aware of the
distinctions, if at all. Grad students are likely to know who in their
department has tenure. Members of the general public probably
understand only if they've had considerable contact with academia.
The media may or may not give the full title of the expert they're
quoting, the person who was arrested while trying to get into his
own house, or whatever.

The differences from the Australian system as described by Peter
Moylan seem to be that some of our full professors are among
their associate professors--you don't need an endowed chair--
and that some lower ranks are also called "professor".

--
Jerry Friedman
Assistant Professor, Science Department

[Sam Plusnet]

Entropy leads to:
The degradation of the matter and energy in the universe to an ultimate
state of inert uniformity.

That certainly says "everything coming apart and disassembling" to the
ultimate degree.

--
Sam Plusnet

[TonyCooper]

On Tue, 7 Feb 2023 08:04:01 -0800 (PST), Jerry Friedman
<jerry.fr...@gmail.com> wrote:

>On Tuesday, February 7, 2023 at 3:25:13 AM UTC-7, Silvano wrote:
>...
>
>> An interesting difference: Italian "professori" teach at universities,
>> but also at high schools, German "Professoren" only at universities.
>> Where do professors in English-speaking countries teach?
>
>In the U.S., professors teach (or maybe get away with doing research
>only) at colleges and universities, not high schools.
>
>Typically, the ranks are full professor or maybe just professor,
>associate professor, assistant professor, and then others that may
>or may not have "professor" in the title, such as adjunct professor.
>The first two kinds are typically tenured, that is, those professors
>keep their jobs except in extreme circumstances. Assistant
>professors are typically "tenure-track", that is, they are hoping for
>promotion to associate professor if they publish a lot and somebody
>retires at the right moment. They often have to leave if they don't
>get tenure within six years or so.

Tenure may be slipping away in Florida universities:

https://wusfnews.wusf.usf.edu/education/2022-05-15/changes-in-tenure-coming-with-new-florida-law

Another move by Gov DeSantis to control education in Florida. He
started with grade schools and high schools removing books:

https://www.newyorker.com/news/letter-from-the-south/why-some-florida-schools-are-removing-books-from-their-libraries

Scary!

>
>In my experience, undergraduates are barely aware of the
>distinctions, if at all. Grad students are likely to know who in their
>department has tenure. Members of the general public probably
>understand only if they've had considerable contact with academia.
>The media may or may not give the full title of the expert they're
>quoting, the person who was arrested while trying to get into his
>own house, or whatever.
>
>The differences from the Australian system as described by Peter
>Moylan seem to be that some of our full professors are among
>their associate professors--you don't need an endowed chair--
>and that some lower ranks are also called "professor".
--

Tony Cooper - Orlando,Florida

[J. J. Lodder]

The entropy of the universe is not a well-defined concept,

Jan

[Dingbat]

On Tuesday, February 7, 2023 at 2:49:21 AM UTC-8, Peter Moylan wrote:

> On 07/02/23 21:25, Silvano wrote:
> > Where do professors in English-speaking countries teach?
> Outside North America, "Professor" is the highest rank in a university
> department, and there are no professors in high schools. In any
> department you'd find only one professor, or perhaps a small number if
> the department has endowed chairs. (Historically, the professor was also
> the department head, but that has changed.) The other academics are
> associate professors, senior lecturers, and lecturers.
>

In India, when I was a student, the ranks were Demonstrator, Lecturer,
Reader and Professor in Colleges and Universities had an additional rank
of Senior Professor and a possibility of becoming Professor Emeritus.
In Colleges, no position required research. In Universities, positions
above Lecturer required research; Readers and above are both researchers
and teachers. My father started as a University Reader immediately after
a Post-Doc, so researchers didn't start in a teaching position if a research
position was available. Often, such a position was not available and
researchers accepted teaching positions. They were not required to do
research in such a position but never got promoted to a research position
if they didn't. No position was non-tenured; one could remain in any of
those positions till retirement.

>
> The ranks "tutor"
> and "senior tutor" also exist, but those are usually non-tenured
> positions, typically occupied by PhD students.
>

Ah! Students were not appointed to such positions in India, so there
was no salaried position of Tutor. There were private tutors though.
India had an additional graduate degree of MPhil, above a Master's
and below a PhD. It took less time than a PhD and qualified one for
the more senior teaching positions in Colleges and for research
positions in industry. Research positions in Universities required a
PhD.

[Arindam Banerjee]

Academics everwhere are the greatest curse for humanity, as they are a united mob against any genuine novelty. The most esteemed, of all the scums.
Two foul academics from IISc Bangalore blocked the HTN my father was trying to promote at the PM level.
They made spurious comments, and the case was closed.
Amazing, how a couple of scoundrels can negatively affect the lives of billions!
Cheers,
Arindam Banerjee

[Dingbat]

What does HTN mean?

[Peter Moylan]

On 08/02/23 03:04, Jerry Friedman wrote:

> The differences from the Australian system as described by Peter
> Moylan seem to be that some of our full professors are among their
> associate professors--you don't need an endowed chair-- and that some
> lower ranks are also called "professor".

Agreed. One extra comment: I have heard associate professors in the
Australian system as those who would have been a full professor except
that there wasn't a vacancy.

Disclaimer: the highest rank I achieved in the university system was
associate professor, so my remarks can't be considered unbiased.

While still a senior lecturer in Australia, I got what looked like a
promotion (in Australian terms) by being called a visiting professor in
the US and Canada.

[Madhu]

* "Peter T. Daniels" <71a4cc5d-3d56-4412-a221-fb4199175e70n @googlegroups.com> :
Wrote on Tue, 7 Feb 2023 07:53:04 -0800 (PST):

> On Tuesday, February 7, 2023 at 5:49:21 AM UTC-5, Peter Moylan wrote:
>> Outside North America, "Professor" is the highest rank in a university
>> department, and there are no professors in high schools. In any
>> department you'd find only one professor, or perhaps a small number if
>> the department has endowed chairs. (Historically, the professor was also
>> the department head, but that has changed.) The other academics are
>> associate professors, senior lecturers, and lecturers. The ranks "tutor"
>> and "senior tutor" also exist, but those are usually non-tenured
>> positions, typically occupied by PhD students.
>>
>> Some universities use "reader" rather than "associate professor" for the
>> second-highest rank.
>
> That term always seems demeaning.

Not in the Indian Academic setting, I think. It is usually the first job
after "post-doc" graduation, "reader" but readers were respected in the
instutions I've seen. Though I never made the connection to "Associate
professor" which I encountered in the US setting.

>> In North America, "professor" applies to a much larger range of people.
>
> "Associate" ones have tenure, "Assistant" ones don't.

They also seem to be the first ones to be emerited off when they turn 55
or 56 or whatever. While their former junior collegues (with enough
"pull") continue their careers for another 2-3 decades.

> At Chicago, a professor can be honored with "Distinguished Service
> Professor of ...," but I don't recall any who weren't also the incumbents
> of endowed chairs. A chair can be named for a distinguished faculty
> member -- e.g. Erica Reiner and then Matt Stolper were the John A.
> Wilson Professor of Oriental Studies," and Hans Guterbock was the
> Tiffany and Margaret Blake (Distinguished Service) Professor of
> Hittitology." (I saw from a recent U of C Magazine that the current
> T & M B Prof is in a completely different field).

IME the "distinguished" always refers to the financial success of the
professor in (appropriating public money and making many others at
various levels rich), sort of a reward for services rendered. this title
also seems to the non-pensioned career of the professor well beyond a
normal life-time.

[J. J. Lodder]

But makig a mixture 'come apart and disassemble'
leads to a -decrease- in entropy.
All this loose talk about entropy <=> disorder is best avoided,

Jan

[Hibou]

Le 03/02/2023 à 12:16, Boso deniro a écrit :
>
> for everything coming apart and disassembling?

Brexit?

[Athel Cornish-Bowden]

Hear, hear! All mention of the word "entropy" by people who have not
studied thermodynamics should be completely forbidden, on pain of 135€
for a first offense and up to 12 months imprisonment for repeated
offenses.


--
Athel -- French and British, living in Marseilles for 36 years; mainly
in England until 1987.

[lar3ryca]

Extropy.

--
In India, “cold weather” is merely a phrase to distinguish between weather
which will melt a brass doorknob and weather which only makes it mushy.
–Mark Twain

[Arindam Banerjee]

On Friday, 3 February 2023 at 23:16:26 UTC+11, Boso deniro wrote:
> for everything coming apart and disassembling?

Boom

[Arindam Banerjee]

It is cold in Kolkata now, at some 25 deg C and we find people in balaclavas (monkey caps as they are called here).

[Arindam Banerjee]

Hydrogen Transmission Network
Details at
htnresearch.com
a site maintained by ilya Shambat
and
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7399250