Adam Funk <
a24...@ducksburg.com> wrote in
news:3ankacx...@news.ducksburg.com:
> On 2015-08-21, Peter T. Daniels wrote:
>
>> On Friday, August 21, 2015 at 6:08:07 PM UTC-4, Tough Guy no. 1265
>> wrote:
>>> On Fri, 21 Aug 2015 22:59:55 +0100, Harrison Hill
>>> <
harrison...@gmail.com> wrote:
>>
>>> > But then "inflammable" would mean flammable :(
>>>
>>> It does doesn't it? Officially I think one is meant to be moreso
>>> than the other, can't remember which.
>>
>> The word "flammable" was invented after the linguist and insurance
>> agent Benjamin Lee Whorf realized that the prefix "in-" could be
>> mistaken for the negative (as in "incorruptible") and recommended
>> that things that could burn easily be labeled "flammable" and not
>> "inflammable."
>
> The OED has "flammable" citations (not many, to be fair) back to 1813.
Whorf wasn't an insurance agent, either - he was an engineer who
specialized in fire prevention techniques; he was employed by an
insurance company as a consultant.
There's a germ of truth in Peter's claim - the National Fire Protection
Association, which was founded by insurance companies in 1896, adopted
the term 'flammable' during the 1920s, when Whorf was employed by the
Hartford Fire Insurance Company. Thus, it is possible that he had
something to do with encouraging the use of 'flammable,' though there's
no direct evidence for it and he certainly didn't invent the word.
See
http://alt-usage-english.org/excerpts/fxflamma.html
>> He also discovered that referring to oil drums that no longer
>> contained oil as "empty" was bad for the insurance industry, because
>> smokers felt no compunctions about smoking near them -- whereas the
>> stray fumes or oil films were flammable indeed.
>
> Drums of gasoline or similar substances, not "oil" in the usual sense
> (not so volatile or potentially explosive).
In Whorf's words, 'around the storage of what are called "gasoline
drums," behavior will tend to a certain type, that is, great care will
be exercised; while around a storage of what are called "empty gasoline
drums," it will tend to be different - careless, with little repression
of somking or of tossing cigarette stubs about.' He gives no examples of
this careless behavior actually leading to explosions or fires: by
contrast, he describes a specific incident in which people at a wood
distillation plant were surprised when a substance they referred to as
'spun limestone' caught fire.
Interestingly, Whorf goes on to explain that the 'spun limestone' was
partially converted into calcium acetate by exposure to acetic acid
fumes, and calcium acetate formed 'inflammable acetone' when heated.
That was published in 1939: it seems that he had no personal objection
to 'inflammable.'
> Anyway, he's a great example of how someone with a totally different
> educational background could contribute so much to linguistics!
OTOH, he was a bit of a sucker for theosophy, though I suppose plenty of
Harvard alumni have fallen for equally ridiculous things.
--
S.O.P.