So extensive is the history of crimes against Jews, some expressions
and practices with antisemetic origins have survived to this day, but
in a seemingly innocuous form. I was surprised to read that the
expression "Hip! Hip! Hooray!" was an antisemetic war slogan. I will
quote the relevant passage from "The Jewish Connection", M.H. Goldberg,
1976, Bantam Books, ISBN 0-553-10870-0, p215-216.
<BEGIN QUOTE>
One of the derivations of this word can be found in _Brewer's Dictionary
of Phrase and Fable_ in which "Hip" or "Hep" is said to be the first letters
in the Latin expression _Hierosolyma Est Perdita_, "Jerusalem is destroyed".
"Hip! Hip!" was shouted at the Jews by German knights during the Middle
Ages. It was the slogan used by the Crusaders on their March to Jerusalem.
It was also used in the title of the Hep Movement, which first erupted
in Wurzburg, Germany in 1819 and spread throughout the country. Its leaders
lusted for revenge against Jews and provided a stimulus for German
nationalism that eventually culminated in the Holocaust. Their battle cry
was "Hep! Hep! Hep! Death and destruction to the Jews!".
"Hooray", according to the same reference book, "derives from Slavonic
_Hu-Raj_ (to paradise)." In other words, "Hip! Hip! Hooray!" says
_Brewer's_, means "Jerusalem is lost to the infadel and we are on the
road to paradise."
"Hep" has also, according to another source, been traced to the German
word meaning "Give" so that when the Jew baiters descended on a Jewish
community during the course of a pogrom they yelled out "Hep! Hep!" for
the Jews to give up their monies and valuables.
<END QUOTE>
David Maddison
Cybernomad.
Do you know anything more about this source? How reliable is it? Neither
Random House nor Houghton Mifflin seemed to have stumbled across this
etymology. Both report that the origin of "hip" and "hep" are unknown.
>"Hooray", according to the same reference book, "derives from Slavonic
>_Hu-Raj_ (to paradise)." In other words, "Hip! Hip! Hooray!" says
>_Brewer's_, means "Jerusalem is lost to the infadel and we are on the
>road to paradise."
My unabridged Random House Dictionary traces "hooray" (via "huzza") to
"hoise", a sailor's cheer. It meant "hoist". If the Random House
etymology is correct, then the entire etymology proposed in Brewer's should
be taken with a grain of salt.
--
Rick Wojcik ri...@eskimo.com Seattle (for locals: Bellevue), WA
http://www.eskimo.com/~rickw/
: ><BEGIN QUOTE>
: >One of the derivations of this word can be found in _Brewer's Dictionary
: >of Phrase and Fable_ in which "Hip" or "Hep" is said to be the first letters
: >in the Latin expression _Hierosolyma Est Perdita_, "Jerusalem is destroyed".
: Do you know anything more about this source? How reliable is it? Neither
: Random House nor Houghton Mifflin seemed to have stumbled across this
: etymology. Both report that the origin of "hip" and "hep" are unknown.
It so happens that I, the King of Trivia (tm) have a reprint copy of this
work, "The Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, giving the Derivation, Source,
or Origin of Common Phrases, Allusions and Words that have a tale to tell:
by the Rev. E. Cobham Brewer, Ll.D." . This was originally published in 1870;
the reprint I have is from an expanded version from 1894, three years
before the Rev. Brewer's death. It sold over 100,000 copies in its day,
and was considered highly authoritative in its day.
Be that as it may, I shall now quote his entries for the relevant parts
of "Hip-Hip-Hooray".
HIP! HIP! HURRAH! Hip is said to be a notarica, composed of the initial
letters of _Hierosolyma Est Pertida_. Henri van Laun says, in _Notes and
Queries_, that whenever the German knights headed a Jew-hunt in the
Middle Ages, they ran shouting "Hip! Hip!" as much as to say "Jerusalem
is destroyed." (see NOTARICA)
Timbs derives Hurrah from the Sclavonic _hu-raj_ (to Paradise), so that
_Hip! hip! hurrah!_ would mean "Jerusalem is lost to the infidel, and we
are on the road to Paradise." These etymons may be taken for what they
are worth. The word _hurrah!_ is a German exclamation also.
_"Now, infidel, I have thee on the hip!"_ (Merchant of Venice); and again,
_"I'll have our Michael Cassio on the hip"_ (Othello), to have the whip
hand of one. The term is derived from wrestlers, who seize the adversary
by the hip and throw him.
" In fine he doth apply one speciall drift,
Which was to get the pagan on the hip,
And having caught him right, he doth him lift
By nimble sleight, and in such wise doth trip,
That down he threw him." Sir J. Harrington.
***be that definition of "Hurrah" as it may, it conflicts with his OWN
definition, given later in the work:
HURRAH, the Hebrew (letters heh-resh-yud-`ayin; I can;t duplicate them on
my screen). Our "Old Hundredth Psalm" begins with "Shout joyfully
[hurrah] to J-hov-h !" The word is also of not uncommon occurance in
other Psalms. See _Notes and Queries_, October 16th, 1880. (Norwegian
and Danish, _hurra!_) (see HUZZA.)
~The Norman battle-cry was "Ha Rollo!" or "Ha-Rou!" (French _huzzer_, to
shout aloud; Russian _hoera_ and _hoezee_.)
" The Saxon cry of 'Out! Out, Holy Crosse!' rose high
above the Norman sound of 'Ha Rou! Ha Rou, Notre Dame!'"
-- Lord Lytton: harold, book xii, chap. 8
~~Wace (_Chronicle_) tells us that _Tur aie_ (Thor aid) was the battle
cry of the Northmen.
His entry for "Notarica", to which the reader is referred in the "Hip"
entry, is nothing more than a dozen examples of very ancient acronyms, as
it were.
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*** Michael SB Shoshani __|__ shos...@wwa.com ***
The OED at least has heard the same derivation of "hep": 'hep (hep),
int. [Said to be f. the initials of Hierosolyma Est Perdita; or, the
cry of a goatherd.] Usu. hep, hep! The cry of those who persecuted
Jews in the 19th century. Also attrib.'
>>"Hooray", according to the same reference book, "derives from Slavonic
>>_Hu-Raj_ (to paradise)." In other words, "Hip! Hip! Hooray!" says
>>_Brewer's_, means "Jerusalem is lost to the infadel and we are on the
>>road to paradise."
>
>My unabridged Random House Dictionary traces "hooray" (via "huzza") to
>"hoise", a sailor's cheer. It meant "hoist".
The OED says that "hooray" comes from "hurrah" which in turn comes
from "huzza". The latter is 'app. a mere exclamation, the first
syllable being a preparation for, and a means of securing simultaneous
utterance of the final (a:).' However, many 17-18th century writers
agreed with the Random House etymology.
Rob "hep-cat" Leitman
[...]
*That* was one hell of a post, Mr. Shoshani. Bravo!
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: *** Michael SB Shoshani __|__ shos...@wwa.com ***
Ken
"Hooray" comes from Maori "haere ra" meaning "goodbye".
--
-- Jack Campin -- Room 1.36, Dept. of Computing & EE, Heriot-Watt University,
Riccarton, Edinburgh EH14 4AS WWW: http://www.cee.hw.ac.uk/~jack/jack.html
Internet: ja...@cee.hw.ac.uk Phone: 031 449 5111 ext 4195 Fax: 031 451 3431
Home phone: 031 556 5272 Home Internet: ja...@purr.demon.co.uk
[origins of Hurrah! etc]
Fascinating post. One extra thought crosses my mind:
could "Hurrah!" as a battle-cry just be instinctive or
imitative? It does sound rather like the roar of an animal.
Ray
========================================
Ray Girvan
rgi...@cix.compulink.co.uk
Computer Journalist
"Booty is truth, and truth is booty"
-A flag-draped politician, in a vaugely remembered cartoon by Arnold Roth
>My spelling is phonetic, of course, but before I believe this "antisemetic
>war cry" story, I'll have to see an explanation, from someone in
>Scandinavia, for how the "ippity-ip" part of this cheer derived from
>"Ierusalem est perdita" or whatever.
>Oh yeah, in what century did "J" replace "I" in that phrase? "Iep Iep"
>doesn't sound quite right, does it?
Sure it does. J and I (and Y) are quite often interchangeable. Remember
I.N.R.I.? Iesus Nazarenus Rex Iudaeorum? (Jesus of Nazareth, King of
The Jews)? Of course, these days when we write the first and the last
words, we'd use a J -- Jesus and Judaeorum, but we'd also mispronounce
them. There was never a "J" sound as in "jump" in the words Jerusalem,
Jesus, Judaea, etc. So "iep" sounds plausible to me.
BDL