"Marius Hancu" <
marius...@gmail.com> wrote in message
news:f7a09377-b1e6-4159...@m10g2000vbc.googlegroups.com...
>> > I did the pools from the week I was twenty-one. Every week I did the
>> > same five-bob perm. Old Tom and Crutchley, who were in Rates with me,
>> > and some of the girls clubbed together and did a big one and they were
>> > always going at me to join in, but I stayed the lone wolf.
>>
>> > John Fowles, The Collector
The Collector is set in approx. 1960. Up to that date,
British laws restricting gambling allowed only:
1. Betting on horse or dog races in person, at the
race track, for cash only.
2. Betting on credit with a licensed bookmaker.
This was possible only for rich people who maintained
an account with the bookie ("turf accountant") and could
thus telephone their bets (on any sport or event, e.g.
election results.) 90 per cent of the population
could not afford such gambling accounts.
3. Football pools conducted by post, cf.
<
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_pool>
Football pools were thus the only legal form of
gambling the non-rich could afford (unless they
went to the horse or dog races in person.)
These restrictions lasted from the First World War
(I think) up to some date in the late 1960s when the
British government licensed high street betting
shops (for the proletariat) and private gambling clubs
for poker, roulette, baccarat etc. (for the gentry.)
Before this, the only daydream of instant wealth
available to the working Englishman was a win
on the pools. (This generated a sub-industry of
inventing perms=permutations, viz. patterns of
betting believed to maximise the chance of a
win. There were many factors because there
were 50 to 100 soccer matches every week,
with three possible results (Win for the home team,
Loss or Draw) pool participants could choose
as many teams as they wanted, and select
each result -- hence the complexity of the perm.
Big winners were those who successfully predicted
6 or 7 draws. Because each cycle constituted a
pool of wagers, the top prizes were divided between
the top scorers. You scooped the pool only if
nobody else had selected the winning permutation
that you had chosen. (Hence the sub-industry of
statistical advisers, and hours of innocent pleasure
calculating and arguing how this might best be done.)
--
Don Phillipson
Carlsbad Springs
(Ottawa, Canada)