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Re: Metformin Can Attenuate Symptoms of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
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tom hennessy
Jan 18, 2023, 10:13:42 AM1/18/23
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On Sunday, January 30, 2000 at 1:00:00 AM UTC-7, PCOSupport Announcements wrote:
> Subject: Metformin Can Attenuate Symptoms of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
> WESTPORT, Jan 24 (Reuters Health) - Metformin effectively treats about
> half of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), researchers in
> Italy report. Use of the insulin sensitizing agent not only lowers
> hyperinsulinemia but may also reduce hyperandrogenemia and reverse
> chronic anovulation and menstrual abnormalities.
> "Insulin sensitizing agents may prove an efficacious therapeutic tool in
> a large subset of subjects with [PCOS]," Dr. Paolo Moghetti and
> colleagues at Ospedale Maggiore, in Verona, write in the January issue
> of The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.
> In a double-blind trial, the investigators randomized 23 women with PCOS
> to receive either metformin 500 mg or placebo three times per day for 6
> months. Before the study began, the patients were assessed for insulin
> sensitivity, endocrine and metabolic profiles, menstrual history and
> serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone response to GnRH-agonist testing. These
> tests were also performed at the end of the study.
> The study results showed that 50% of women given metformin experienced
> "striking amelioration" of menstrual abnormalities, reduced plasma
> insulin and increased insulin sensitivity.
> The researchers also observed a reduction in ovarian hyperandrogenism,
> which was reflected in "...significant reductions in serum free
> testosterone and in the 17-hydroxyprogesterone response to GnRH-agonist
> testing," they note.
> There were no changes in the placebo group, the authors report.
> In a follow-on open label trial, 18 of these women plus 14 additional
> patients with PCOS were given the same dose of metformin for a mean of
> 11 months. The objective of the second study were to observe long-term
> side effects and determine the baseline predictors of the drug's
> efficacy on reproductive abnormalities.
> In this trial, 54.8% of women "showed striking improvements" in their
> menstrual abnormalities. Additionally, logistic regression analysis
> showed that "...plasma insulin, serum androstenedione, and menstrual
> history were independent predictors of the treatment's clinical
> efficacy."
> "The reasons for the striking differences in clinical response to
> metformin among the individual PCOS subjects are not easily explained,"
> the researchers write. "We hypothesize that this phenomenon might
> reflect the heterogeneity in the pathogenesis of the syndrome."
> J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000;85:139-146.
They've shown metformin lowers iron levels and lowering iron level treats PCOS.
"reduction in body iron stores with metformin"
https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/30/9/2309
"iron-starvation mimicking effects of metformin"
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/10/181025142013.htm
"Reduction of the body iron stores can improve hyperandrogenemia and insulin resistance"
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6716867
New lead for mechanism of action of diabetes drug metformin
Date: October 25, 2018
Source:
Université de Montréal
Summary:
Researchers are able to see how frontline diabetes drug metformin alters cell glucose uptake using new technology that probes how drugs act on all cellular functions.
FULL STORY
Canadian and British researchers have discovered how the frontline Type 2 diabetes drug metformin may work to help cells better take up and use glucose. Their study, published today in the journal Cell, may also explain other potential beneficial effects of metformin for prevention of a variety of chronic diseases, including cancers.
To show that metformin appeared to make the cells act as if they are starved for the essential mineral iron, biochemists at Université de Montréal used a new method to simultaneously probe how all of a cell's biochemical processes respond to the presence of a drug. Collaborating with researchers at the Francis Crick Institute in London, the UdeM team showed that metformin has a global effect on iron distribution in cells, resulting in alteration of essential biochemical processes.
The novel technology that made this discovery possible was developed in the lab of lead author Stephen Michnick, a biochemistry professor at UdeM and holder of a Canada Research Chair in cell architecture. "If you want to know what a drug or any other molecule is doing in the body, you need to survey everything going on in it's cells at once," said Dr. Michnick. "Today there are several ways to do this, but our method, called hdPCA, has the merit of being extremely simple to perform and interpret, non-invasive and inexpensive; it can be done in almost any lab." The method can be deployed to rapidly predict and confirm how a drug might affect cells and simultaneously identify any liabilities the drug might have if introduced into humans.
"We'd chosen to use metformin, mostly because it was an interesting test case, having no clear mechanism of action,"added the study's first author, UdeM biochemist Bram Stynen. "The lead to effects of metformin on iron homeostasis was a bonus of this study. A connection between iron metabolism and diabetes was already suspected but no-one had ever showed a specific antidiabetic effect of metformin in living cells connected to iron homeostasis." Added collaborator Markus Ralser, a biochemist at Francis Crick, "this makes a lot of sense; glucose metabolism most likely emerged evolutionarily from iron-dependent chemical reactions; such chemical relationships don't disappear in evolution."
Further cell and animal studies will have to be done to pin down how important iron-starvation mimicking effects of metformin are to glucose metabolism and how this mechanism might be better exploited to improve diabetes treatments.
The study "Changes of cell biochemical states are revealed in protein homomeric complex dynamics " was published October 25, 2018 in Cell. It was financed by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the Human Frontiers Research Program, U.K. Medical Research Council, Cancer Research U.K., Wellcome Trust and the European Research Council.
Story Source:
Materials provided by Université de Montréal. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.
Journal Reference:
Bram Stynen, Diala Abd-Rabbo, Jacqueline Kowarzyk, Leonor Miller-Fleming, Simran Kaur Aulakh, Philippe Garneau, Markus Ralser, Stephen W. Michnick. Changes of Cell Biochemical States Are Revealed in Protein Homomeric Complex Dynamics. Cell, 2018; DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.09.050
Cite This Page:
MLA
APA
Chicago
Université de Montréal. "New lead for mechanism of action of diabetes drug metformin." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 25 October 2018.
www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/10/181025142013.htm
Who loves ya.
Tom
Jesus Was A Vegetarian!
http://tinyurl.com/634q5a
Man Is A Herbivore!
http://tinyurl.com/4rq595
DEAD PEOPLE WALKING
http://tinyurl.com/zk9fk
> Subject: Metformin Can Attenuate Symptoms of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
> WESTPORT, Jan 24 (Reuters Health) - Metformin effectively treats about
> half of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), researchers in
> Italy report. Use of the insulin sensitizing agent not only lowers
> hyperinsulinemia but may also reduce hyperandrogenemia and reverse
> chronic anovulation and menstrual abnormalities.
> "Insulin sensitizing agents may prove an efficacious therapeutic tool in
> a large subset of subjects with [PCOS]," Dr. Paolo Moghetti and
> colleagues at Ospedale Maggiore, in Verona, write in the January issue
> of The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.
> In a double-blind trial, the investigators randomized 23 women with PCOS
> to receive either metformin 500 mg or placebo three times per day for 6
> months. Before the study began, the patients were assessed for insulin
> sensitivity, endocrine and metabolic profiles, menstrual history and
> serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone response to GnRH-agonist testing. These
> tests were also performed at the end of the study.
> The study results showed that 50% of women given metformin experienced
> "striking amelioration" of menstrual abnormalities, reduced plasma
> insulin and increased insulin sensitivity.
> The researchers also observed a reduction in ovarian hyperandrogenism,
> which was reflected in "...significant reductions in serum free
> testosterone and in the 17-hydroxyprogesterone response to GnRH-agonist
> testing," they note.
> There were no changes in the placebo group, the authors report.
> In a follow-on open label trial, 18 of these women plus 14 additional
> patients with PCOS were given the same dose of metformin for a mean of
> 11 months. The objective of the second study were to observe long-term
> side effects and determine the baseline predictors of the drug's
> efficacy on reproductive abnormalities.
> In this trial, 54.8% of women "showed striking improvements" in their
> menstrual abnormalities. Additionally, logistic regression analysis
> showed that "...plasma insulin, serum androstenedione, and menstrual
> history were independent predictors of the treatment's clinical
> efficacy."
> "The reasons for the striking differences in clinical response to
> metformin among the individual PCOS subjects are not easily explained,"
> the researchers write. "We hypothesize that this phenomenon might
> reflect the heterogeneity in the pathogenesis of the syndrome."
> J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000;85:139-146.
They've shown metformin lowers iron levels and lowering iron level treats PCOS.
"reduction in body iron stores with metformin"
https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/30/9/2309
"iron-starvation mimicking effects of metformin"
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/10/181025142013.htm
"Reduction of the body iron stores can improve hyperandrogenemia and insulin resistance"
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6716867
New lead for mechanism of action of diabetes drug metformin
Date: October 25, 2018
Source:
Université de Montréal
Summary:
Researchers are able to see how frontline diabetes drug metformin alters cell glucose uptake using new technology that probes how drugs act on all cellular functions.
FULL STORY
Canadian and British researchers have discovered how the frontline Type 2 diabetes drug metformin may work to help cells better take up and use glucose. Their study, published today in the journal Cell, may also explain other potential beneficial effects of metformin for prevention of a variety of chronic diseases, including cancers.
To show that metformin appeared to make the cells act as if they are starved for the essential mineral iron, biochemists at Université de Montréal used a new method to simultaneously probe how all of a cell's biochemical processes respond to the presence of a drug. Collaborating with researchers at the Francis Crick Institute in London, the UdeM team showed that metformin has a global effect on iron distribution in cells, resulting in alteration of essential biochemical processes.
The novel technology that made this discovery possible was developed in the lab of lead author Stephen Michnick, a biochemistry professor at UdeM and holder of a Canada Research Chair in cell architecture. "If you want to know what a drug or any other molecule is doing in the body, you need to survey everything going on in it's cells at once," said Dr. Michnick. "Today there are several ways to do this, but our method, called hdPCA, has the merit of being extremely simple to perform and interpret, non-invasive and inexpensive; it can be done in almost any lab." The method can be deployed to rapidly predict and confirm how a drug might affect cells and simultaneously identify any liabilities the drug might have if introduced into humans.
"We'd chosen to use metformin, mostly because it was an interesting test case, having no clear mechanism of action,"added the study's first author, UdeM biochemist Bram Stynen. "The lead to effects of metformin on iron homeostasis was a bonus of this study. A connection between iron metabolism and diabetes was already suspected but no-one had ever showed a specific antidiabetic effect of metformin in living cells connected to iron homeostasis." Added collaborator Markus Ralser, a biochemist at Francis Crick, "this makes a lot of sense; glucose metabolism most likely emerged evolutionarily from iron-dependent chemical reactions; such chemical relationships don't disappear in evolution."
Further cell and animal studies will have to be done to pin down how important iron-starvation mimicking effects of metformin are to glucose metabolism and how this mechanism might be better exploited to improve diabetes treatments.
The study "Changes of cell biochemical states are revealed in protein homomeric complex dynamics " was published October 25, 2018 in Cell. It was financed by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the Human Frontiers Research Program, U.K. Medical Research Council, Cancer Research U.K., Wellcome Trust and the European Research Council.
Story Source:
Materials provided by Université de Montréal. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.
Journal Reference:
Bram Stynen, Diala Abd-Rabbo, Jacqueline Kowarzyk, Leonor Miller-Fleming, Simran Kaur Aulakh, Philippe Garneau, Markus Ralser, Stephen W. Michnick. Changes of Cell Biochemical States Are Revealed in Protein Homomeric Complex Dynamics. Cell, 2018; DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.09.050
Cite This Page:
MLA
APA
Chicago
Université de Montréal. "New lead for mechanism of action of diabetes drug metformin." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 25 October 2018.
www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/10/181025142013.htm
Who loves ya.
Tom
Jesus Was A Vegetarian!
http://tinyurl.com/634q5a
Man Is A Herbivore!
http://tinyurl.com/4rq595
DEAD PEOPLE WALKING
http://tinyurl.com/zk9fk
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