Smoking and Diabetes
Alan S
On a different thread, there is a discussion on caffeine and smokes.
I've posted this seperately to get it away from caffeine as a seperate
subject.
As an ex-heavily-addicted smoker, I know hard it was to give up.
Usually, scare stories only provide partial help - but I'll pass these
on anyway. Because I don't want to hear from anyone, anywhere,
claiming that smokes aren't harmful to a diabetic.
Just do a simple google scholar search on those two words
"smoking+diabetes". This is just a small sample of the 51,000+ hits.
Just one small snippet among many:
"Particularly, survival of smokers with diabetes on hemodialysis is
abysmal."
For the sake of those who love you (even if that's only you), quit.
Cheers, Alan
Just a few references:
Cigarette smoking and health. American Thoracic Society
http://ajrccm.atsjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/153/2/861
Cigarette smoking remains the primary cause of preventable death and
morbidity in the United States.
--------------
Preventing cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Abraham WT.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=15019862&dopt=Citation
Smoking is known to be particularly dangerous for those with diabetes,
and it is important for health care providers to help their patients
stop smoking.
-------------------
Effects of smoking on systemic and intrarenal hemodynamics: influence
on renal function.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&list_uids=14684675&dopt=Citation
The mechanisms of smoking-induced renal damage are only partly
understood and comprise acute hemodynamic (e.g., increase in BP and
presumably intraglomerular pressure) and chronic effects (e.g.,
endothelial cell dysfunction). Renal failure per se leads to an
increased cardiovascular risk. The latter is further aggravated by
smoking. Particularly, survival of smokers with diabetes on
hemodialysis is abysmal.
----------------
Effects of cigarette smoking, diabetes, high cholesterol, and
hypertension on all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease
mortality in Mexican Americans. The San Antonio Heart Study
http://www.aje.oupjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/144/11/1058
After adjustment for sex, age, and socioeconomic status in
multivariate analyses, current smoking, diabetes, high cholesterol,
and hypertension were positively associated with all-cause mortality
and cardiovascular disease mortality in Mexican Americans. Overall,
these risk factors accounted for 45% of all-cause mortality and 55% of
cardiovascular disease mortality in this ethnic group.
----------------
Smoking, diabetes and hyperlipidaemia.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10076642&dopt=Citation
Mikhailidis DP, Papadakis JA, Ganotakis ES.
Department of Chemical Pathology & Human Metabolism, Royal Free
Hospital & School of Medicine, Univ. of London, United Kingdom.
The epidemiological evidence linking smoking with insulin resistance
is considerable. This evidence is even more convincing because there
is a dose response relationship between smoking and the risk of
non-insulin dependent diabetes (NIDDM). Similarly, there is a
time-dependent decrease in risk of NIDDM for those who quit smoking.
Insulin resistance (in the form of impaired glucose tolerance, IGT)
may precede the development of NIDDM. There is a biochemical basis for
the smoking-IGT/NIDDM relationship. Smoking increases the risk of
developing diabetic complications like nephropathy, neuropathy and
retinopathy Smoking is also an independent risk factor for myocardial
infarction and all-cause mortality in NIDDM. Smokers are both insulin
resistant and lipid intolerant.
--------------
Smoking and diabetes
D Haire-Joshu, RE Glasgow and TL Tibbs
http://care.diabetesjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/22/11/1887
There are consistent results from both cross-sectional and prospective
studies showing enhanced risk for micro- and macrovascular disease, as
well as premature mortality from the combination of smoking and
diabetes.
------------------
Smoking is associated with progression of diabetic nephropathy
http://care.diabetesjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/17/2/126
RESULTS--Progression of nephropathy was less common in nonsmokers
(11%) than in smokers (53%) and patients who had quit smoking (33%), P
< 0.001. In a stepwise logistic regression analysis, cigarette pack
years, 24-h sodium excretion, and GHb were independent predictive
factors for the progression of diabetic nephropathy.
-------------------
The Effects of a Smoking Cessation Intervention on 14.5-Year Mortality
http://www.annals.org/cgi/content/abstract/142/4/233?maxtoshow=&HITS=&hits=&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext=MRFIT%2Bsmoking&andorexactfulltext=and&searchid=1109751904920_1451&stored_search=&FIRSTINDEX=0&resourcetype=1
or http://tinyurl.com/66oey
Intervention: The intervention was a 10-week smoking cessation
program that included a strong physician message and 12 group sessions
using behavior modification and nicotine gum, plus either ipratropium
or a placebo inhaler.
Results: At 5 years, 21.7% of special intervention participants had
stopped smoking since study entry compared with 5.4% of usual care
participants. After up to 14.5 years of follow-up, 731 patients died:
33% of lung cancer, 22% of cardiovascular disease, 7.8% of respiratory
disease other than cancer, and 2.3% of unknown causes. All-cause
mortality was significantly lower in the special intervention group
than in the usual care group (8.83 per 1000 person-years vs. 10.38 per
1000 person-years; P = 0.03). The hazard ratio for mortality in the
usual care group compared with the special intervention group was 1.18
(95% CI, 1.02 to 1.37). Differences in death rates for both lung
cancer and cardiovascular disease were greater when death rates were
analyzed by smoking habit.
-----------------
Getting to Goal in Type 2 Diabetes: Role of Postprandial Glycemic
Control
http://www.medscape.com/viewprogram/3036_pnt
Slide 9. MRFIT: Impact of Diabetes on CVD Mortality
These are data from the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial
(MRFIT) study, where people with and without diabetes were classified
as having: no risk factors at all, only 1 risk factor, 2 risk factors,
or all 3 risk factors. Risk factors were hypertension, hyperlipidemia,
and smoking. For any given number of risk factors, the chances of
getting cardiovascular disease are markedly increased in people with
type 2 diabetes. This increased risk is related to hyperglycemia.
Mamma Mia
through the giving up trauma. which i imagine would be hellish. Good luck
to anyone doing it!'
christine
"Alan S" <loralweig...@optusnet.com.au> wrote in message
news:esva21986u7hilt6t...@4ax.com...
Annette
>
> On a different thread, there is a discussion on caffeine and smokes.
> I've posted this seperately to get it away from caffeine as a seperate
> subject.
>
> As an ex-heavily-addicted smoker, I know hard it was to give up.
> Usually, scare stories only provide partial help - but I'll pass these
> on anyway. Because I don't want to hear from anyone, anywhere,
> claiming that smokes aren't harmful to a diabetic.
>
Hi there Alan,
Here are a few interesting tit-bits about tobacco use and metabolism to add
to the list. I discovered some during my look at cyanide in plants and how
the body detoxifies itself from this potentially deadly poison.
Tobacco contains a VERY high level of cyanide. Workers who handle and
process the leaf have been fatally poisoned just through skin contact with
the leaf.
I have read that people who smoke or use tobacco have been found to be
consistently deficient in Vitamin B12. This vitamin is the body's main line
of defense against the chronic low-level state of cyaniditis. It gets
depleted by having to de-toxify the cyanide that keeps coming in all the
time. After all there are small amounts of cyanide in most of plants we eat.
Fine, unless you smoke. Diabetics are particularly likely to have
sub-optimal levels of Vit B12 anyway, especially if they use that otherwise
helpful med, metformin. So that's a double whammy. Even supps have a hard
time keeping up the supply.
Cyanide binds strongly to the iron in the body, which then lowers the uptake
and presence of oxygen in the blood and cells. That's why it can kill so
fast. No oxygen! Smoking contains carbon monoxide, which also replaces
oxygen in the blood. Breathe in enough, and that will cause death too. Same
reason. Cigarette smoke lays down "soot" in the lungs, as well as being
carcinogenic. So less oxygen is being absorbed by those wonderful
"ventilators". A triple whammy!
Now the body does fight bravely to deal with these assaults. It tries to
"wash" the offending soot out of the airways with mucous, hence the classic
"smoker's" cough. It tries to detoxify the cyanide, hence low levels of B12
that are needed elsewhere. It does it's best to kill cancerous cells, but
of course can simply fail to handle such a constant intake of carcinogens,
and cancer can get the better of all it's efforts. Finally, the lungs
endeavour to correct the lack of sufficient oxygen for normal metabolism,
and stretch so as to increase the amount of air taken in with each breath.
Long term though, they gradually lose their elasticity, like worn out
elastic in waist bands, and can no longer function effectively. I'm not
surprised that smoking raises the risk of heart attacks. Every living cell
in our bodies need oxygen, those hard working muscles in the heart in
particular. But if none of the above get you, the emphesema will.
Just one more tip to close off. I'm not cogniscent of why, but smoking
definitely has been shown to raise insulin resistance. If you decide to
quit, keep an eye on your bg levels (especially if you are a T2). The
insulin resistance can improve so rapidly, you may find yourself suffering
from a hypo!
Good grief, you may even be able to drop all your oral medications, enjoy
exercise, and find bg management a breeze.
It's that much of an influence.
Annette
" Perfection is attained not when there is no longer anything to add, but
when there is no longer anything to take away."
(A. de Saint-Exupery)
Alan S
wrote:
|
|"Alan S" <loralweig...@optusnet.com.au> wrote in message
|news:esva21986u7hilt6t...@4ax.com...
|> Hi All
|>
|> On a different thread, there is a discussion on caffeine and smokes.
|> I've posted this seperately to get it away from caffeine as a seperate
|> subject.
|>
|> As an ex-heavily-addicted smoker, I know hard it was to give up.
|> Usually, scare stories only provide partial help - but I'll pass these
|> on anyway. Because I don't want to hear from anyone, anywhere,
|> claiming that smokes aren't harmful to a diabetic.
|>
|
|Hi there Alan,
|
|Here are a few interesting tit-bits about tobacco use and metabolism to add
|to the list.
<snip>
Thanks Annette.
Interesting. I'm glad I can read that now from the "that used to be
me" viewpoint instead of a view of the present.
I tried everything from cold turkey (funny movie, that) to patches to
hypnosis to special filters to - you name it. I was ready to attack
and mercilessly dismember the next sanctimonious git who said "it's
just willpower - I just decided and I stopped".
Finally, despite my dislike of drugs, it was Zyban that worked for me.
I managed to quit just before the side-effects hit. YMMV definitely
applies to quitting.
For those trying, I wish you all the best. It may be hard, but it's
definitely worth it.
Later, when I went on my rtw trip, it occurred to me that one way
would be to take that 13-hour non-smoking flight from Sydney to LA,
backwards and forwards until the urge disappeared. If it took ten
trips, with a two-pack-a-day habit, the savings would pay for it in a
year:-)
But you'd probably die from airline food or be arrested for attacking
the flight stewards in a crazed frenzy when they caught you in the
toilet after the smoke alarm went off:-)
Cheers Alan, T2, Australia.
--
Everything in Moderation - Except Laughter.