"Utilizing Scalar Electromagnetics to Tap Vacuum Energy" (LONG)
Jon Noring
[This paper originally appeared in the Proceedings of the 26th Intersociety
Energy Conversion Engineering Conference, August 4-9, 1991, Boston,
Massachusetts, Vol. 4, pp. 370-375. Posted here with the permission of the
author, Mr. Tom E. Bearden. Please direct followup to
alt.sci.physics.new-theories . J. Noring]
UTILIZING SCALAR ELECTROMAGNETICS TO TAP VACUUM ENERGY
Floyd Sweet
Association of Distinguished American Scientists
2311 Big Cove Road
Huntsville, Alabama 358010
T. E. Bearden
Association of Distinguished American Scientists
2311 Big Cove Road
Huntsville, Alabama 35801
ABSTRACT
Based on E.T. Whittaker's previously unnoticed 1903-1904 papers which
established a hidden bidirectional EM wave structure in a standing forcefield
free scalar potential, a method of directly engineering the ambient potential
of the vacuum has been developed and realized experimentally. Adding
Whittaker's engineerable hidden variable theory to classical electro-
magnetics, quantum mechanics, and general relativity produces supersets of
each discipline. These supersets are joined by the common Whittaker subset,
producing a unified field theory that is engineerable and tested. By
treating the nucleus of the atom as a pumped phase conjugate mirror, several
working model energy units have been produced which excite and organize the
local vacuum, increase the local virtual photon flux between local vacuum and
nucleus, establish coherent self-oscillations between the local excited
vacuum and the affected nuclei, utilize the self-oscillating standing wave
for self-pumping of the nuclei/mirrors, introduce a very tiny signal wave to
the mirrors, and output into an external load circuit a powerful, amplified,
time-reversed phase conjugate replica wave at 60 Hertz frequency and nominal
120 volt sine wave power. Several models have been built, ranging from 6
watts early on to one of 5 kilowatts. Both closed batteryless systems with
damped positive feedback and open loop systems with battery-powered input
have been successfully built. Open loop power gains of from 5 x 104 to
1.5 x 106 have been achieved. Antigravity experiments have also been
successfully conducted where the weight of the unit was reduced by 90% in
controlled experiments, with a signal wave input of 175 microwatts and an
output of 1 kilowatt. The basic theory of the device is briefly explained
and experimental results presented. In the demonstration session, a
videotape of one operating open-loop unit with a 1.5 x 106 power gain is
planned, as is the demonstration of an actual working model closed-loop
system with a nominal rating of 500 watts, and without external power input
of any kind. The units are solid state, with no moving parts. Each of them
comprises a unique form of self-powered vacuum triode of extraordinary gain,
where the cathode power and plate power are freely furnished by the vacuum,
and only a small grid signal need be furnished either from an external power
source or by clamped positive feedback from the device's output. The output
is negative energy, and some of its unique characteristics are pointed out.
Implications of the experimental application of the Sweet vacuum triode, the
Bearden approach to the nucleus as a pumped phase conjugate mirror, and the
unified field theory based on Whittaker's engineerable hidden variable scalar
EM potential theory are also briefly addressed.
NOTE
This paper has been prepared by Bearden, the second author listed,
hereinafter called "the author", with full concurrence of the inventor of
the vacuum triode, inventor and magnetics engineer Sweet, the first author
listed.
SCALAR ELECTROMAGNETICS
In 1837 Sir W.R. Hamilton said, "The notion of time may be unfolded into an
independent pure science... a science of pure time is possible." As is
well-known, the fundamental units utilized in physics are arbitrary. It is
even possible to construct all of physics on a single unit, time. This
oddity shows the truth in Hamilton's statement; it is even more odd, because
quantum mechanically time is not an observable. This means that the
observable world can be modeled completely in terms of the nonobservable,
which is essentially what modern quantum mechanics is now doing. Hamilton
viewed his magnificent quaternions as essentially having accomplished the
mathematical structuring of time. Maxwell's original EM theory, as is
well-known, was modeled in Hamilton's quaternions, not in the highly
curtailed Heaviside/Hertz vectors erroneously taught today as "Maxwell's
theory." Not a single one of the present so-called "Maxwell's" vector
equations ever appeared in a book or paper by James Clerk Maxwell.
For some years the author has worked on an extended electromagnetics theory,
involving the scalar component of the quaternion. [ref. 1] In Maxwell's
original quaternion theory, this scalar component often remains when the
directional components zero. Further, it then enfolds vectors and functions
of vectors inside, in a hidden variable manner. Specifically, the author
has patterned a unified field theory concept upon the previously unnoticed
but remarkable early work of E.T. Whittaker. [ref. 2] In two fundamental
papers in 1903 and 1904, Whittaker showed that all present vector EM can be
replaced by scalar potential interferometry, and that bidirectional harmonic
EM plane wave sets could be used to produce a standing wave of force-field-
free potential (Figures 1 and 2). Thus Whittaker anticipated the quantum
phi(x) |
|
|
|
|
|
Potential | + +
| + + <---- Organized Local Space-Time
| + + Curvature
| + EM +
| + Substructure +
| + +
| + +
|+_______________________________+_______________________________+__
+ +
X --> + EM +
+ Substructure +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
Figure 1. Cross-section of Whittaker spherical EM potential wave.
mechanical Aharonov/Bohm effect by 55 years, including extending it to the
macroscopic world instead of the mesoscopic realm where it has been
established to date. [ref. 3] In modern terms, Whittaker showed how to turn
EM wave energy into electrogravitational potential energy, then how to
interfere two such scalar potential waves to recover electromagnetic energy,
even at a distance. [ref. 4] This unrecognized work is of great importance:
when applied to modern physics, it produces supersets of quantum mechanics
(QM), classical electromagnetics (EM), and general relativity (GR). Further,
all three extended disciplines unify on their common Whittaker subset, in a
testable and engineerable fashion. [ref. 5]
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paper]
Figure 2. Infolded EM plane wave structure of a Whittaker wave.
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The Nucleus As a PPCM and Triode
The author has also considered the highly nonlinear nucleus of the atom as a
pumped phase conjugate mirror (PPCM), having found no other consideration of
same in the literature. The author also dubbed a PPCM a "triode," since the
amplified phase conjugate replica of the signal wave is much like the
amplified output of a triode, and the signal wave input to a PPCM is much
like a triode's grid signal input. The PPCM pump wave then corresponds
roughly to the power input to the cathode and plate of a triode. [ref. 6]
Figure 3 diagrammatically shows the PPCM with correspondence to a triode.
[Referring to figure 3] Up to all the power in the pump waves A1 and A2 may
be output in phase conjugate replica wave A3 in response to a small signal
wave input A1.
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Figure 3. A pumped phase conjugate mirror.
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VACUUM TRIODE BACKGROUND
About seven years ago, the author was privileged to see and examine an
invention of Mr. Floyd Sweet, that produced about 6 watts of electrical
power from the vacuum itself. This remarkable device, which the author
dubbed a vacuum triode, in a single unit utilized most of the scalar EM
concepts the author had so painfully and slowly formulated over the years.
Sweet, a brilliant inventor with a remarkable knowledge of magnetics, had
utilized barium ferrite magnets and special coils to produce a solid-state
device that successfully tapped the vacuum energy. The author quickly put
together a theoretical concept for the energy-tapping mechanism, based on
treatment of the nucleus as a PPCM and Whittaker's scalar EM potential
unified field theory. [ref. 7] The author furnished the technical concept,
treating the nucleus as a pumped phase conjugate mirror, to the inventor
along with copies of Whittaker's papers.
Sweet's Synthesis and Extension
Sweet is also a brilliant EM theoretician, working in four, five, or even six
dimensions with ease. He immediately synthesized the entire PPCM and
Whittaker theory, and developed a complete theoretical treatment of the
device. [ref. 8] He also increased the nuclear potential utilized in the
activated nuclei of the device, which increased the pumping energy and hence
the energy output. He next produced an open-loop vacuum triode (VT) with an
output of 500 watts, for an input of 33 microwatts. Thereafter he produced
several other models, including closed-loop systems and one with 5-KW output.
Purpose of This Paper
Our purpose is to explain the detailed scalar EM concept of the operation of
the vacuum triode, since it is a universal method for cohering and tapping
useful EM energy from the vacuum. The author believes that this mechanism
is the fundamental mechanism that must be invoked in any over-unity device
that electromagnetically extracts vacuum energy as electromagnetic effects.
We also intend to demonstrate a full working model of the device at this
conference. Sweet's detailed theoretical treatment will be completed and
submitted to a major journal shortly, to complete the scientific exposition
of the new methodology.
I must also express my deep admiration for my brilliant inventor colleague.
It has been a privilege to work with him, though under great difficulties and
at a distance. He has developed several other related devices that are of
great importance to the emerging new physics of vacuum engineering, in the
sense referred to by Lee. [ref. 9] To mention just one, he has produced a
magnetic lens which apparently can directly display the vacuum's virtual
particle flux, or a good analog of it. So far as I am aware, this is the
only extant instrument today that can perform this feat. When the vacuum
triode has been proven to the scientific community, it is my intention to
nominate Sweet for the Nobel Prize he so richly deserves, and seek high
scientific endorsements for the recommendation.
INTRODUCTION
Entropy
As is well known, in any closed dynamic system the order existing in it will
gradually be dissipated, as more and more interactions occur. This leads to
the notion of entropy as the increasing disorder in such systems. The
assumptions are (1) a closed system, and (2) a positive flow of time for the
components of the system. Actually no such thing as a completely closed
system exists in nature. Every mass system is open to virtual particle flux
exchange with the vacuum, for example, particularly in the nucleus of its
atoms, where the bulk of its mass is located. However, the closed system
assumption is reasonably approximated by a great many systems which are in
stable thermodynamic equilibrium, or nearly so. On the other hand, in an
open system far from thermodynamic equilibrium, the second law of
thermodynamics does not necessarily apply, because the system violates both
the closed system assumption and its equilibrium approximation. [ref. 10]
Time Reversal
Since being discovered in 1972 in the open Soviet literature, the time-
reversed (phase conjugate) EM wave has also been known. The phase conjugate
EM wave is truly time-reversed, as has been shown experimentally. Since the
time-reversed EM wave violates the second major assumption, the second law of
thermodynamics need not necessarily hold for time-reversed entities. Putting
all this together, if one wishes negentropy and hence increased energy in a
system, the candidate suggested would appear to be a system that was strongly
(1) open loop, (2) time-reversed, and (3) far from thermodynamic equilibrium.
A good overview of time-reversal in physics has been provided by Sachs.
[ref. 11]
Engineering the Nucleus
Since the nucleus already provides a myriad of time-reversed processes,
engineering the nucleus of an atom is a very good candidate for practical
negentropy. To engineer the nucleus directly, a Whittaker potential is
first artificially constructed, by composing a harmonic set of phase-locked
EM wave/antiwave pairs. It is accented that the antiwaves must be true phase
conjugates; otherwise they will not constitute a gradient-free Whittaker
standing potential wave. In addition, at least one harmonic interval must be
used, and additional harmonic sets are most desirable. The reason is that a
space-time lattice must be formed in the vacuum, where the energy is additive
spatially but oppositive in t-dot, the rate of flow of time, in the fourth
dimension. So a time-structure is required as well as a spatial structure,
which is what is provided by n bidirectional harmonic Whittaker EM wave sets,
where n is an integer greater than 1. Once a specific Whittaker structure
has been chosen, the local lattice of space-time is established. This
establishes phase-locked lattice groupings of coupled photon/antiphoton
pairs, or of gravitons. In turn, this Whittaker-structured vacuum now
contains specific graviton vacuum engines, which directly engineer and
structure the vacuum's virtual particle flux (VPF) exchange with the nucleus.
[ref. 12]
The nucleus is highly nonlinear, hence strongly phase conjugative, or time-
reversed. The ambient potential of the local vacuum surrounding the nucleus
is in a violent virtual photon exchange with it, accounting for its
electrical charge. Since the preponderant charge is positive, from the
viewpoint of the ordinary light observer whose light interacts with electron
shells, the nucleus may be taken to exhibit time reversal (phase conjugation).
Energy, Time, and Gravitons
We take the definition of "energy" to be fundamentally an ordering imposed
upon the VPF of vacuum. We take photon scattering from the electron shells
of atoms to be the fundamental exterior mechanism producing forward flow of
external observer time. It then follows that "time's arrow" for the EM
observer is due to the universal scattering of photons from electron shells.
In this view, forward (positive) time flow and entropy are due to the same
primary action: photon scattering from electron shells. It is unfortunate
that the concept of "positive" energy has been tied to, and defined in terms
of, the scattering and dissipation of VPF order as work, or energy expended.
Via the standard labeling, then, negative energy is the reconstitution of
order in the vacuum VPF. It should be noted that, in a PPCM, dissipative or
external pump wave stress energy can be scavenged and re-emitted in perfect
order as the phase conjugate replica. This is a negentropic process, for it
is capable of turning disorder into order. [ref. 13] In the time-reversed
PPCM nucleus, we should expect to see appreciable negative energy, that is,
energy removed from the EM scattering domain. This includes the binding
energy of the nucleus, and the gravitational (G) potential energy of the EM
energy removed from the "scattering interaction realm" and locked into the
mass. Following Sakharov, we hold that the G-field is not a fundamental
field of nature, but a composite caused by, or made from, other fields.
[ref. 14] To the first order, we assume the G-potential is comprised of
coupled photon/antiphoton pairs, on the average, where the statistical
coupled spin-2 photon/antiphoton pair is a graviton. [ref. 15] We follow
the modern view of the field: because of vacuum fluctuations, rigorously one
no longer speaks of "the" field, but of the probability of a particular field
configuration. [ref. 16] We also hold the vacuum to be composed of
potentials, and regard the three terms space-time, vacuum, and scalar
potential as essentially synonymous.
Newton's Third Law and the Detection Process
The VPF EM stress of the local vacuum immediately surrounding the nucleus may
be decomposed a la Whittaker into opposing bidirectional EM plane waves/
forces. Thus the nonlinear nucleus may be regarded as a pumped phase
conjugate mirror, normally with a gain of one. In this view, Newton's third
law reaction force is generated because the so-called "photon" interaction
with an atom is in fact a graviton reaction involving a photon/antiphoton pair
that is decoupled. The decoupled photon normally is absorbed and reradiated
by an orbital electron, while the decoupled antiphoton interacts with the
nucleus, producing a time-reversed twin of the external force, or, in other
words, Newton's third law reaction force, which gives a slight recoil of the
nucleus. Half of every measurement physicists normally make is discarded,
with the missing half accounting only for Newtonian reaction in the meter or
instrument, which is usually ignored. The fact that half of our measurement
interactions are ignored is occasionally discovered and noted by physicists,
who may even write a paper pointing it out, but no change is instituted in
the foundations. [ref. 17 and 18]
Semiconducting Vacuum and Self-Oscillation
The vacuum immediately surrounding the nucleus is structured by the nucleus,
and is itself nonlinear and capable of acting as a semiconductor. [ref. 19]
Since both this immediately local semiconductor vacuum and the nucleus it
surrounds are highly nonlinear, then nonlinear resonance can conceivably be
established between them. Further, since the resonating system in such case
is an open system away from thermodynamic equilibrium, the oscillation can be
self-sustaining. Such self-oscillation of the pumping of a PCM is already
well-known in the nonlinear optical literature, particularly with compounds
containing barium. [ref. 20]
THE VACUUM TRIODE
The Basic Concept
As is well-known, a stress can be decomposed into opposing sets of forces.
But quantum mechanically, the forces we are interested in with our work here
are all caused electromagnetically, by the exchange of virtual photons. Even
mechanical force, according to QM, is caused in this manner. Thus opposing
electromagnetic or mechanical "stress" sets of bidirectional EM forces are
microscopically equivalent to the notion of pump waves in nonlinear optics.
Hence under the proper conditions, it follows that trapped EM stress energy
of the vacuum can be utilized to "pump" the nucleus. Treating the stress-
pumped nonlinear nucleus as a PPCM, it follows that the stress energy of the
vacuum can be tapped by a 4-wave mixing mechanism in the atomic nucleus, to
provide amplified phase conjugate EM wave outputs from the atom in response
to small signal wave inputs. [21] In the proper nonlinear material, the
material may act as a PPCM, in which case there exists a suitable connection
between the material's atomic nuclei and its external electromagnetic lattice
bonds, and the amplified phase conjugate replica wave generated in the
nucleus will be emitted from the material as an EM wave field. This field
can then be tapped by suitable means and output to an external load circuit.
Block Diagram of the Vacuum Triode
Figure 4 shows a basic block diagram of the vacuum triode process, utilized
by Sweet in several laboratory vacuum energy devices. These devices have
ranged from a nominal 500 watt output in a 6-lb. device to 5 kilowatts for a
heavier unit. Gains have ranged from 50,000 to 1,500,000 for open-loop
systems. Both open-loop and closed-loop systems have been built and
tested.
Figure 4 shows a combined block diagram for either a closed-loop or open-
loop system. In the open-loop system, a barium ferrite magnetic material is
used as a pumped phase conjugate mirror. In the "standard" design, two
opposing PPCMs are used. The advantage of this dual combination is the use
of self-targeting (repetitive phase conjugation, signal by signal). This has
the effect of (1) stabilizing the Whittaker field, and (2) producing a
quantum potential between the two mirrors, so the mirrors and the Whittaker
potential between them are essentially one single space-time entity.
Discussion of a quantum potential is beyond the scope of this paper, but the
technical mechanism for creating one has been previously presented by the
author on several occasions. [ref. 22]
First we will explain the open-loop operation of the vacuum triode. In
Figure 4, on the right an external 60 Hz, nominal 10 volt AC sine wave of
several tens of microwatts in power is input into the stabilized field of the
barium ferrite magnet structure, where it modulates the field, producing a
signal wave input into the atoms of the material. In the top right block,
the EM signal wave interacts with the electron shell of an atom, which in
turn is EM-coupled to the nucleus.
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Figure 4. The Vacuum Triode Concept.
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Thus an EM signal wave is input to the nucleus of the atom, which is highly
nonlinear (middle top block). Earlier, Sweet had specifically conditioned
the atomic nuclei with a proprietary process, wherein in the barium nucleus
a trapped 60 Hz scalar EM spherical wave resonance (self-oscillation) exists
between the structured semiconductor vacuum immediately surrounding the Ba
nucleus. In the same activation process, the ambient potential of the
surrounding vacuum was raised and stabilized, in the two leftmost blocks.
At this point the nonlinear nucleus is effectively self-pumped by the
trapped, excited, spherical scalar wave oscillation between the structured
semiconductor vacuum and the nucleus. The nucleus is now a strongly pumped
phase conjugate mirror. Consequently, when the signal wave input arrives,
the PPCM nucleus emits an amplified phase conjugate replica (PCR) wave, which
precisely backtracks the input signal wave. This precise backtracking
(perfect retroreflection) is referred to as the "distortion correction
theorem." In short, the powerful PCR wave returns precisely toward the
external source, passing through the electron shells and arriving in the
perturbed barium ferrite magnet assembly field, where it perturbs the field.
A transformer-like system then extracts this magnetic field perturbation and
conducts it to the external load circuit.
However, the PCR contains negative energy. Short of the load, the internal
circuits run cool, rather than heating. This is a signature of a true vacuum
energy tapping device. Indeed, if the output leads of the Sweet vacuum
triode are physically shorted together, a brilliant flash occurs, and the
leads instantly ice as if dipped in liquid oxygen. This is another signature
of the true negentropic over-unity vacuum tap.
Note that the energy extracted from the semiconducting vacuum adjacent to
the nucleus is just instantly replaced by the surrounding vacuum's
inexhaustible energy pool. This is an open-loop system, with a hidden energy
source: the intense virtual particle flux of the vacuum's ambient charge.
It is not possible to exhaust that flux, which is often calculated to have an
energy density of some 10^100 or more grams per cm^3, if the energy were
cohered and condensed into mass. As can be seen, even a VT gain of
1.5 x 10^6 represents a "vacuum tap" of an incredibly small efficiency, on
the order of 10^-100 or so. However, the vacuum "river" is so energetic that
such efficiencies are quite sufficient.
We accent that the barium ferrite magnetic material must be activated so that
stable self-oscillation between the barium nucleus and the surrounding
semiconductor vacuum exists. Although self-oscillating/self-pumped PCMs are
known at optical frequencies, Sweet has discovered and perfected a brilliant
methodology for activating PPCM nuclei at ELF frequencies.
In a resistive load such as light bulbs, the resistive material accomplishes
repetitive phase conjugation. Thus in the resistor, half the total energy is
expressed as photon or dissipative energy in the external (electron shell)
level. As the excited electrons decay, they emit scattered EM energy as
light and heat. This is an exothermic interaction. The other half of the
total energy reacts in the atomic nuclei, as a phase conjugative or
endothermic interaction.
We strongly accent that, Whittaker-wise, there are two electromagnetic
channels and two kinds of EM: (1) external EM, the common electron-shell
interacting, entropic, scattering, time-forward kind, and (2) the internal,
unsuspected, hidden variable, nuclei interacting, negentropic, reordering/
convergent kind. Internal EM travels strictly between atomic nuclei,
normally not reacting with electron shells unless a pumped phase conjugate
mirror reaction is invoked in the nucleus to produce a gain somewhat greater
than unity. Thus if we wish to communicate with atomic nuclei directly, and
engineer them directly, we must utilize the internal EM channel via applied
Whittaker methods.
Antigravity Tests
Inherent in the preceding discussions is the possibility to turn EM energy
into gravitational energy of either sign. In other words, one should be able
to utilize Sweet's vacuum triode to produce and demonstrate antigravity.
Indeed this is the case. Sweet has also discovered the special alterations
necessary to perform straightforward transformation of the internal energy in
the nucleus to antigravitational energy, producing a unilateral thrust
upward.
Note that the bulk of G-potential gradient (G-force-field) occurs Whittaker-
wise at ELF frequencies. This explains why nonlinear phase conjugate
opticians do not notice direct antigravity effects. At the optical
frequencies at which they work, the effects are so miniscule that they are
negligible. This is readily explained as follows: In QM, the quantum
(photon) is comprised of action (angular momentum), not just energy. It is
rather like a "piece of energy welded to a piece of time, with no seam in the
middle." Since quantum change occurs in quanta, the decoupling of the energy
and time components, in the continual interaction of photons with matter,
exchanges energy between G-potential of vacuum and trapped mass of the atom
or particle. In this exchange, small increments of time are continually
being formed (and unformed, as photon emission occurs). Consequently, each
mass is moving forward in time in small incremental jumps, usually of
exceedingly small magnitude. However, the energy and time trapped in a
photon are canonical. The greater the piece of energy, the smaller the piece
of time, and vice versa. So if one wishes to stress the "rate of flow of
time" significantly, one needs to produce large amounts of photons that have
very large pieces of time, and consequently little pieces of energy. Since
the energy of the photon is directly proportional to its frequency, this
means that the lower frequency photons have larger time increments, and hence
endure over many "regular-sized photon absorption/emission changes" to
appreciably stress the rate of time flow/production. The bottom line is that
the standard pumped phase conjugate mirror can be adapted to produce
antigravity at ELF frequencies, but precisely the same adaptation at optical
frequencies will have negligible effect.
With this in mind, the author requested Sweet to perform an antigravity
experiment to prove the thesis. With Sweet's proprietary adaptation of his
vacuum triode/PPCM, the experiment produced rather straightforward but
spectacular results, as shown in Figure 5. The experiment was performed as
follows: Rigged for antigravity, the 6-lb. device was placed on a scale so
that its weight could be continuously monitored. A special external load box
was utilized in which multiple electric light sockets were connected in
parallel. Then the external load draw was adjusted by merely screwing in
100-watt lamps, one at a time, with measurement and observation pauses in
between. The output of the device was 120 volt, negative AC sine-wave power
at 60 Hz. For each 100-watt increment, the load power was recorded and the
weight was carefully recorded. The results are shown in the rather smooth,
classic curve shown in Figure 5. At 1,000 watts load draw, the previously
6-lb. device had reduced its weight due to gravity by 90 percent. At that
point the signal-wave (grid) input to the open-loop vacuum triode was only
175.4 microamps at 10 volts, or just under two milliwatts.
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Figure 5. Antigravity Test of Sweet's Adapted Vacuum Triode.
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We accent that the nominal two milliwatt input is only a gating signal. It
is the organized, gated vacuum energy that is performing the action.
The experiment was stopped short of actual hovering and flying due to safety
considerations. With the specific adaptation, magnetic monopoles are
deposited in the magnet materials, producing internal tensile stress. Since
no explosive controlled facilities were available, and there was no wish to
destroy the VT, the experiment was terminated at 90% antigravity performance.
It was completely successful, and adequately demonstrated the validity of the
unified field theory concepts utilized in our approach.
CONCLUSIONS
A new unified field theory has been developed, tested, and at least partially
verified experimentally. The concepts of the theory have been applied by
Sweet in a series of inventions that produce readily usable, safe
electromagnetic power directly from the vacuum. The methodology lends itself
to formulation of power devices without moving parts. Antigravity, predicted
by the concepts of the theory, has been demonstrated in actual practical
demonstrations on the laboratory bench. Though not discussed in this paper,
application of the concepts and methodology to a large variety of other
fields, such as medical reversal of aging and curing of almost the entire
range of present debilitating diseases, has been previously pointed out.
[ref. 23] We have also pointed out the mechanism for Kaznacheyev's
cytopathogenic effect, or the induction of cellular pathology at a distance
by electromagnetic means. [ref. 24] We have also pointed out the specific
mechanism involved in Priore's device, which in rigorous laboratory animal
testing under the auspices of eminent French scientists, demonstrated nearly
100 percent cures for terminal cancers and leukemias, sleeping sickness,
artherosclerosis, and other debilitating diseases.[ref. 25] We believe we
have also produced the concepts enabling the direct engineering and
therapeutic manipulation of Popp's master cellular control system. [ref. 26]
We conclude that the concepts we have utilized and experimentally
demonstrated are universal, as implied by any notional unified field theory.
Our conclusion is that the concepts, theory, and experiments, taken together,
are sufficient for investigation and replication by the scientific community.
If replicated and fully substantiated, we believe the work will directly
point the way to, and usher in, a new unified field theory physics of
universal application.
SPECULATED IMPLICATIONS
As can be seen, the implications of the new approach are profound. The
authors believe they have ushered in the forerunner of a vast new physics,
one which will change our lives, and our view of physical reality, in ways
previously undreamed of. By mastering, controlling, and gating the vast,
incredible energy of the seething vacuum, we can power our automobiles,
flying machines, and technology inexhaustibly. Further, it can be done
absolutely cleanly; there are no noxious chemical pollutants to poison the
biosphere. With practical antigravity, ships can be developed to cross the
solar system as readily as one crosses the ocean today. And the ships,
automobiles, and technology will never run out of fuel; the inexhaustible
vacuum fills every system, everywhere, to overflowing. Not discussed in
this paper, it turns out that living systems, faced with the problem of
achieving negentropy so as to maintain their form in a dissipative external
physical reality, have always used the hidden internal channel for such
things as mind, thought, cell control, and living functions. With the new
methodology, one now faces the advent of access and engineering of the mind
and life of the observer as readily as the observer's physical body.
Transmutation of the elements, control of the weather, lighting and powering
our cities and homes cheaply and cleanly, and provision of plenty for
everyone is the vista for the future. We can in fact clean up the
radioactive wastes, rid ourselves of coarse nuclear and petroleum
powerplants. We strongly stress that, with the ability to engineer the
Schroedinger equation itself, the new methodology allows the direct
engineering and control of quantum change, and hence of physical reality
itself. The methodology is extendable to hyperdimensions; nested virtual
levels of the vacuum are already precisely that. The author has already
pointed out the application of this emerging technology to the absolute cure
of diseases such as AIDS, cancer, leukemia, etc., and shown that the Priore
device in France already proved the efficacy of the application in the 60s
and 70s. We shall be able to rid ourselves and our descendents of diseases.
With direct access to the actual software of life and mind, in the future we
should be able to achieve levels of education previously unattainable, by
directly inputting the relevant software.
Previously we have also pointed out that four nations of the world are
already embarked on weaponization of scalar EM unified field technology. It
is sobering to think that, in addition to having the ability to make our
planet a paradise for humankind, we also will have the ability to make it a
hades. For that reason, we are doing our best to clarify the technical
concept and the theory in this 1991, hopefully with the view that humankind
will seize upon the positive aspects, and develop and apply this technology
for the betterment of all people everywhere.
Long ago, Albert Einstein said these words: "It would of course be a great
step forward if we succeeded in combining the gravitational field and the
electromagnetic field into a single structure. Only so could the era in
theoretical physics inaugurated by Faraday and Clerk Maxwell be brought to a
satisfactory close."
And Teilhard de Chardin wrote: "Someday, after we have mastered the winds,
the waves, the tides and gravity, we shall harness for God the energies of
love. Then for the second time in the history of the world man will have
discovered fire."
The authors fervently believe they have come upon fire for the second time,
as allegorized by de Chardin. If so, let us all use the knowledge wisely.
REFERENCES
[1] Maxwell's original quaternion EM theory is contained in some 200
quaternion equations and differs extensively from the restricted
Heaviside/Gibbs vector interpretation universally taught today as
"Maxwell's Theory." See James Clerk Maxwell, A Treatise on Electricity
and Magnetism, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1873. The third
edition is by Dover, 1954.
[2] E.T. Whittaker, "On the Partial Differential Equations of Mathematical
Physics," Math. Ann., Vol. 57, 1903, p. 333-355; "On an Expression of
the Electromagnetic Field Due to Electrons by Means of Two Scalar
Potential Functions," Proc. Lond. Math. Soc., Series 2, Vol. 1, 1904,
pp. 367-372. The first paper was in fact a detailed theory of the
scalar standing potential wave that Nikola Tesla discovered four years
earlier, on the night of July 3-4 1899, being radiated from
thunderstorms, which he entered in his Colorado Springs Notebook on the
morning of the 4th. More recently the Whittaker structure (WS) inside
potentials, including the Schroedinger potential, has been shown by
V.K. Ignatovich, "The Remarkable Capabilities of Recursive Relations,"
Am. J. Phys., 57(10), Oct. 1989, p. 873-878, without credit to
Whittaker or to the presence of such structured scalar potentials in
Maxwell's original quaternion EM theory. These WSs are universal to
scalar potentials; e.g., for the same in acoustics, see Richard W.
Ziolkowski, "Localized Transmission of Wave Energy," Proc. SPIE, Vol.
1061, Microwave and Particle Beam Sources and Directed Energy Concepts,
Jan. 1989, p. 396-397.
[3] See Y. Aharonov and D. Bohm, "Significance of Electromagnetic
Potentials in the Quantum Theory," Phys. Rev., Second Series, 115(3),
Aug. 1, 1959, p. 458-491. This paper pointed out the primacy of the
potentials. Instead of being causative agents, the force fields are
actually effects generated from the potentials. This is in complete
violation of both classical electromagnetics and classical dynamics,
but it is absolutely required by quantum mechanics. For an extensive
discussion of the Aharonov-Bohm effect and an extensive list of
references, see S. Olariu and I. Iovitzu Popescu, "The Quantum Effects
of Electromagnetic Fluxes," Rev. Mod. Phys. 57(2), Apr. 1985. See
Bertram Schwarzschild, "Currents in Normal-Metal Rings Exhibit
Aharonov-Bohm Effect," Physics Today, 39(1), Jan. 1986, p. 17-20 for
confirmation that the Aharonov/Bohm effect has indeed been firmly
proven experimentally.
[4] It is pointed out that today all potentials are well-known to be
gravitational entities. However, this was not known in Whittaker's
time, and so he himself did not realize that he had actually produced
an engineerable, testable unified theory of electromagnetics and
gravitation.
[5] T.E. Bearden, "Possible Whittaker Unification of Electromagnetics,
General Relativity, and Quantum Mechanics: Part I: Background,"
Presented to Ala. Acad. Sci. Annual Symp., Univ. Jacksonville,
Mar. 1991.
[6] For the theory of a pumped phase conjugate mirror, see David M. Pepper,
"Nonlinear Optical Phase Conjugation," Opt. Eng., 21(2), Mar./Apr.
1982, p. 156-183; Amnon Yariv, Optical Electronics, 3rd Edn., Holt,
Rinehart, and Winston, New York, 1985. In a normal triode tube, the
amplified plate signal is 180 degrees out of phase spatially with the
grid input, but in-phase with it in respect to rate of flow through
time. In a PPCM, the amplified phase conjugate replica wave is in
phase spatially with the signal wave, but 180 degrees out of phase with
it in respect to its rate of flow through time. It is pointed out that
a PCM with a gain of unity produces a coupled EM wave/antiwave pair
whose energy is additive in 3-space but subtractive in the first
derivative of the fourth dimension, time. Hence it is no longer an
electromagnetic wave as such, but an oscillatory wave of stress upon
the local rate of flow of time. Hence it is a powerful
electrogravitational wave, whose EM nature is hidden in the guise of a
scalar EM potential. It is also a wave of variation in the local
gauge, and of variation in the local ST curvature.
[7] See T.E. Bearden, The Phase Conjugate Vacuum Triode, Apr. 23, 1987,
privately published. An earlier pencil draft was initially produced.
[8] Sweet has continued to extend his theoretical treatment. A formal
paper providing the complete mathematical theory of the vacuum triode
has been drafted, is in final review, and will be submitted to a
leading journal by mid-1991.
[9] See Chapter 25: Outlook, "Possibility of Vacuum Engineering," T.D. Lee,
Particle Physics and Introduction to Field Theory, Harwood, New York,
1981, pp. 824-828.
[10] In 1977 Ilya Prigogine received the Nobel Prize for extending
thermodynamics; in particular, for the theory of dissipative structures
in nonequilibrium thermodynamics. In Prigogine systems, negentropy is
known to be possible.
[11] Robert G. Sachs, The Physics of Time Reversal, Univ. Chi. Press.,
Chicago, 1987.
[12] Note that this moves the entire notion of the charge of a fundamental
particle to a deeper and more extended level. Now the charge may be
discretized, but it is not quantized in the hard conventional sense.
Further, the internal Whittaker structure of the massless VPF photon
exchange of vacuum and mass, which, quantum mechanically, is what the
electrical charge of the particle is in the first place, is
deterministically structured. Note that this violates the present
assumption that all like charged particles are identical; now two
electrons may have either the same or different magnitudes of charge,
and even when the magnitudes are the same, their internal charge
structures (Whittaker structures) and VPF exchange with the vacuum may
differ. Also note that this resolves the severe QM problem of missing
chaos (hidden order) in quantum change. The reason for the problem was
the use of Gibbs statistics with its assumption of random variable
change, which a priori excluded hidden order (and hence chaos) from QM.
That was only a special case, albeit an important one. There are now
three QM cases: (1) the conventional case, where there is no hidden
order; (2) the case where there is some hidden order, and the
statistics is chaotic, not random; and (3) the case where the QM
change is deterministic, with essentially total hidden order. Note
that the Whittaker methodology allows one to directly engineer cases
(2) and (3), including the Schroedinger equation itself.
[13] The present second law of thermodynamics is written only for time-
forward entities, and need not apply for the time-reversed case.
Merely viewing the energy-dissipating forward time case in reverse
allows an appreciation of the time-reversed case. In other words, the
second law of thermodynamics is incomplete as presently stated. The
complete law has a corollary to cover the increase in order as the
time-reversal of the system increases. Thus the complete law consists
of two parts: (1) the entropic, time-forward case, and (2) the
negentropic time-reversed case. Since the re-ordering can be amplified
at will by a PPCM process, the correct distinction between the two
subsets of the complete law is important, and applies to real systems.
[14] A.D. Sakharov, Theor. Math. Phys., Vol. 23, 1975, p. 435.
[15] T. E. Bearden, Gravitobiology: A New Biophysics, Tesla Book Co., 604
Date Ave., Chula Vista, CA 91912, 1991.
[16] C.f. Charles W. Misner, Kip S. Thorne, and John Archibald Wheeler,
Gravitation, W.H. Freeman and Co., San Francisco, 1973, p. 1191.
[17] E.g., see Richard Kidd et al, "Evolution of the Modern Photon," Am. J.
Phys., 57(1), Jan. 1989, pp. 27-35. See also R. Chen, "Cancellation of
Internal Forces," Am. J. Phys. 49(4), Apr. 1981, p. 372.
[18] A nonlinear material may simply emit a photon, or it may act as a phase
conjugate mirror (PCM) and emit a phase conjugate replica of the
absorbed photon. When the material emits a normal photon, it
measurably recoils. When it emits a time-reversed photon, it does not
recoil, as already experimentally established in nonlinear phase
conjugate optics. The solution to the mystery is this: When emitting a
normal photon, the material does not act as a PCM. In that case the
matching antiphoton which split from the interacting graviton (the
graviton that yielded the external photon) interacts with the nucleus,
producing a recoil action with a gain of one. Thus Newtonian third-law
recoil of the nucleus occurs. On the other hand, when the material
acts as a PCM, it also emits the antiphoton outside the atom to
"backtrack" the absorbed "signal wave" photon. In that case there is
no Newtonian recoil of the nucleus, because the agent for causing
recoil did not interact with the nucleus to produce it.
[19] Richard E. Prange and Peter Strance, "The Semiconducting Vacuum," Am.
J. Phys. 52(1), Jan. 1984, p. 19-21. Also, under nonlinear conditions,
a particle can absorb more energy than is in the light incident on it,
absorbing the energy from the vacuum VPF. C.f. Craig F. Bohren, "How
Can a Particle Absorb More Than the Light Incident on It?" Am. J. Phys.
51(4), Apr. 1983, p. 323-327.
[20] C.f. Pepper, ibid. and Yariv, ibid. For a specific example, see Mary
J. Miller et al, Appl. Phys. Lett. 41(8), Oct. 15, 1982, p. 689-691.
[21] Again, for the theory of the PPCM, see Pepper, ibid. and Yariv, ibid.
[22] E.g., see T.E. Bearden, Gravitobiology: A New Biophysics, Tesla Book
Co., Chula Vista, CA, 1991, p. 33-36.
[23] Bearden, AIDS: Biological Warfare, Tesla Book Co., 1988;
Gravitobiology: A New Biophysics, Tesla Book Co., 1991; Analysis of
Scalar Electromagnetics, Tesla Book Co., 1990.
[24] C.f. Vlail P. Kaznacheyev and L.P. Mikhailova, Ultraweak Radiations in
Intercellular Interactions, [in Russian], Novosibirsk, 1981; Vlail P.
Kaznacheyev, "Electromagnetic Bioinformation in Intercellular
Interactions," Psi Research, 1(1), Mar. 1982, p. 47-76; N.D. Devyatkov,
Ed., Applications of Low-Intensity Millimeter Wave Radiation in Biology
and Medicine, [in Russian], IRE Akad. Nauk. SSSR, Moscow, 1985.
[25] C.f. Antoine Priore, "Method of Producing Radiations for Penetrating
Living Cells," U.S. Patent No. 3,280,816; Jean-Michel Graille,
Le Dossier Priore, De Noel, Paris, 1984 [in French]; Christopher Bird,
"The Case of Antoine Priore and His Therapeutic Machine: A Scandal in
the Politics of Science," Appx. I to Bearden, AIDS: Biological Warfare,
1988.
[26] C.f. Fritz Albert Popp, "Photon Storage in Biological Systems," in
Fritz Albert Popp et al, Eds., Electromagnetic Bio-Information:
Proceedings of the Symposium, Marburg, September 5, 1977, Urban &
Schwarzenberg, Baltimore, 1979, p. 123-149; also Biophotonen. Ein
neuer weg zur Losung des Krebsproblems, Verlag fur Medizin, Heidelberg,
1976 [in German].
*************
End of Paper
*************
--
=============================================================================
| Jon Noring | nor...@netcom.netcom.com | "The dogs bark, but the |
| JKN International | IP : 192.100.81.100 | caravan moves on." |
| 1312 Carlton Place | Phone : (510) 294-8153 | "Pack your lunch, sit in |
| Livermore, CA 94550 | V-Mail: (510) 862-1101 | the bushes, and watch." |
=============================================================================
"If you make $50,000 today, you have the same buying power as the average
coal miner did in 1949, adjusted for taxes and inflation," John Sestina,
nationally recognized Certified Financial Planner; quoted in 1987.
Dale R. Worley
motion machine? I'd like to make one!
Dale Worley Dept. of Math., MIT d...@math.mit.edu
--
Don't go around saying the world owes you a living. The world owes you
nothing. It was here first. -- Mark Twain
Jon Noring
>Hey, can we get engineering drawings for the anti-gravity perpetual
>motion machine? I'd like to make one!
Mr. Bearden claims that such a machine has been engineered, and that he has
seen it work (Mr. Sweets vacuum triode, described in the second paper I posted).
This either makes him out to be a liar, or that he is being duped (magicians
can make things levitate), or that such a machine is possible and has been
built. Mr. Bearden has stated to me that his theory was somewhat influenced
by the design of the vacuum triode, to explain what he saw. The burden of
proof lies with Mr. Bearden (I don't know how many more times I can say that
and not get run out of town. :^) ). I'll forward your comments and mine to
Mr. Bearden for his comment. Even so, Mr. Bearden's underlying thesis which
I described in a prior post is still very interesting, despite some of the
other stuff contained in his papers.
Jon Noring
Juergen Behse
claims a lot but has nothing to show !
What about the free energy device of his pal Mr. Sweet ??
Has anybody already seen it yet doing that which was claimed ?
If, yes, send me an email, but I doubt I would receive any single.
But here comes an info of another free energy machine, which was presented
on the 1991 congress of the SAFE (Swiss Association for Free Energy):
Re: updated access via FTP for US- and australian users for SVGA-animation
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi to all free energy researchers out there!
Recently there was some request for a demonstration of a real working
free energy machine.
I have digitized a video-tape of the Methernitha Testatika-machine.
It is an animation movie, which runs on every PC with SVGA cards.
Inside the perpetu4.exe ARJ-selfextracting is all You need to view the
machine in operation and some ASCII-docs, which explain the background
of the invention !
It can be downloaded from some FTP sites.
Here comes the updated FTP site names and numbers: (2. update)
For US-unix-users get it from:
wuarchive.wustl.edu (128.252.135.4) directory MSDOS_UPLOADS
For australian-unix-users get it from:
stan.xx.swin.oz.au directory uploads
European users should get it from:
phoenix.oulu.fi (130.231.240.17) directory /pub/bigflis
German-unix-users should get it from:
Pascal.Math.FU-Berlin.de (130.133.4.50) directory /incoming
If You know, where I can put it additionally, please let me know by email !!!
The download process is as follows:
ftp hostnumber (e.g.: ftp 130.231.240.17)
anonymous (login as anonymous)
guest (password guest)
binary (set binary tranfer mode)
cd pub/bigflis (change into the right directory)
prompt (supress interactive mode)
mget perpet* (get all the animation stuff)
quit (logout off file transfer protocol)
The compressed file is called :
perpetu4.exe 1.6 MBytes big
perpetu4.txt 1 KByte is a text file, which explain the demo
The animation is public domain. Please copy it to all techno-freaks You know.
P.S.: If You have problems viewing the 640x480x256 animation, You can try the
newest version 0.73 of the play program from Trilobyte. It has one bug I
discovered, that it doesn't run, if no mouse driver and no mouse is installed!
So I did put version 0.6 into the archive (p6.exe), that does run without any
mouse driver at all ! But I heard some rumor that some Trident SVGA cards
have problems with this version of play !
So where to get the new version ? I have posted it recently in the
alt.binaries.pictures.misc newsgroup.
Or You can find it by asking ARCHIE !!!
telnet 128.214.6.100 (make a telnet loggin to nic.funet.fi)
archie (login as archie)
prog play73.zip (search for play73.zip program)
If it is displayed at any FTP site:
quit (logout)
I have seen it already on many FTP site. Look for Youself!
Please remember to play it from a 3 Mbyte RAMdisk or with about 3 Mbtes
Cache installed, to get a smooth movie like animation. A fast videocard
like the TSENG 4000 helps also to speed it up. 8 frames of SVGA-format to
transfer via the AT-bus into the graphics-card needs a lot of computer
power !
Best regards, Stefan Hartmann.
Please post email to:
--
*******************************************************************************
* Stefan Hartmann This is how to contact me: *
* EMAIL: l...@zelator.in-berlin.de *
* Phone : ++ 49 30 344 23 66 FAX : ++ 49 30 344 92 79 *
*******************************************************************************
Doug Siebert
This sounds like Joseph Newman's theories revisited. I would think that rather
than writing a paper about such a thing Mr. Bearden and Mr. Sweet should
prepare a demonstration and invite leading physicists, journalists, and hoax
debunkers (such as The Amazing Randi) If their claims are true they would gain
instant acceptance, if not, well....they've had their 15 minutes at least I
suppose ;-)
--
/-----------------------------------------------------------------------------\
| Doug Siebert | "I don't have to take this abuse from you -- |
| | I've got hundreds of people waiting in line |
| dsie...@icaen.uiowa.edu | to abuse me." - Bill Murray, Ghostbusters |
\-----------------------------------------------------------------------------/
SIGNATURE VIRUS 3.0b, NEW AND IMPROVED -- NOW EVEN LOUDER AND MORE ANNOYING!!!!
Richard A. Schumacher
>If You know, where I can put it additionally, please let me know by email !!!
>l...@zelator.in-berlin.de
Oh god, help me to resist the temptation...
Robert Cain
these on my doorstep. The price is irrelevant. Phone number is in my
signature.
--
Bob Cain rc...@netcom.com 408-358-2007
"Systems should be described as simply as possible, but no simpler."
A. Einstein
Corey Sweeney
writes:
What is the perpetual motion machine?