A Problem with the Truth - Gore's or the Media's? - 1.2 Footnotes
Keith Woodard
Footnotes
by Keith Woodard
1. David Neiwert, "Al Gore is a liar? That's not true"
http://www.msnbc.com/news/476106.asp?cp1=1
2. Harold Evans, "No nose for the truth" _The Guardian_, June 12,
2000
Web: http://www.guardianunlimited.co.uk/Print/0,3858,4028284,00.html
3. Bonna M. de la Cruz, "Gore got him in big trouble, but Haddox is a
supporter," Nashville Tennessean, April 16, 2000
Web: http://www.tennessean.com/sii/00/04/16/haddoxmain16.shtml
4. "Though Nancy was never a Peace Corp volunteer in the traditional
sense (as her brother later described her in speeches), she did forgo
paychecks in the first few months, and often forgot to cash them when
she became a paid staffer." David Maraniss and Ellen Nakashima, _The
Prince of Tennessee_, Simon & Schuster, 2000
Nancy's period of volunteer time must have predated any overseas
volunteering, since the Peace Corps "counted Nancy Gore among its
earliest staff members." Bill Turque, _Inventing Al Gore: a
biography_, Houghton Mifflin Company, 2000
One caveat: while I don't think Gore ever explicitly claimed his
sister was a "volunteer in the traditional sense," I think it's fair
to say he left that impression.
Melinda Henneberger quotes, without comment or contradiction, Gore's
statement that, "'I was blown away by his inaugural address. I
remember so vividly the thick snow on the seats, and listening to each
word bring out such poetic force. Really, it was a remarkable time. My
sister was one of the first volunteers for the Peace Corps that month,
and the whole family was filled with the excitement of the New
Frontier.'" Melinda Henneberger, "AL GORE'S JOURNEY A Boyhood
Divided," New York Times, May 22, 2000
5. Bob Zelnick, _Gore: A Political Life_, Regnery Publishing, 1999, p
82
6. Melinda Henneberger, "Al Gore's Journey Off to War," New York
Times, July 11, 2000
Web: http://www.nytimes.com/library/politics/camp/071100wh-gore.html
7. Turque, op. cit.
8. Henneberger, July 11, op. cit.
9. Jacob Weisberg, "Slander Patrol: Saving Private Gore?" _Slate_,
November 29,
Web:
http://slate.msn.com/code/BallotBox/BallotBox.asp?Show=11/29/99&idMessage=4078
10. Turque, op. cit.
11. According to Henneberger, "Al Gore's military record is in no
particular need of improvement. He was one of only about a dozen of
the 1,115 Harvard graduates in the Class of '69 who went to Vietnam.
And even before enlisting, he passed up a chance to serve in the
National Guard -- the military option chosen by his presidential
opponent, George W. Bush. A cousin of Mr. Gore said she and her
then-husband had secured the promise of a place for him in the Alabama
Guard. 'I had friends who had gone to Vietnam, and one who had come
back a paraplegic, and I was beside myself wanting to keep Al out of
there,' said the cousin, Gayle Byrne, of Birmingham, who grew up near
Carthage, Tenn., where the Gores spent summers on their farm. So Ms.
Byrne's former husband, a member of the Guard, asked a well-placed
contact to hold a spot for Mr. Gore. 'When the word came back that
yes, they would hold a slot, we were so excited,' Ms. Byrne
remembered. 'But he said, I appreciate what you've done, but I just
don't believe I can do this.'" Henneberger, July 11, op. cit.
12. "It is safe to say that Bush did very light duty in his last two
years in the Guard and that his superiors made it easy for him. The
personnel officer in charge of Bush's 147th Fighter Group, now-retired
Col. Rufus G. Martin, says he tried to give Bush a light load, telling
him to apply to the 9921st Air Reserve Squadron in Montgomery, Ala."
George Lardner Jr. and Howard Kurtz, "2 Democrats: Bush Let Guard
Down," Washington Post, November 3, 2000
Web: www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A4291-2000Nov2.html
13. Ibid. For this, it is best to read Lardner and Kurtz's entire
article at the above URL. However, here are some highlights:
"Bush says he fulfilled all his obligations as a pilot in the Air
National Guard, but he has had difficulty rebutting charges that he
played hooky for a year....Since 'Lieutenant Bush will not be able to
satisfy his flight requirements with our group,' the unit told him to
report for 'equivalent training' -- such as debriefing pilots -- on
the weekends of Oct. 7-8 and Nov. 4-5, 1972....There is no evidence in
his record that he showed up on either weekend. Friends on the Alabama
campaign say he told them of having to do Guard duty, but the retired
general who commanded the 187th, William Turnipseed, and his personnel
chief, Kenneth K. Lott, say they do not remember Bush ever
reporting....Bush's annual effectiveness report, signed by two
superiors, says 'Lt. Bush has not been observed at this unit during
the period of the report,' May 1, 1972, to April 30, 1973. Hodges
also said he did not see Bush at the Texas base again after Bush left
for Montgomery. 'If I had been there on the day[s] he came out, I
would have seen him,' Hodges said."
14. Terry M. Neal, "Bush Camp Tags Gore as Untrustworthy, Liberal,"
Washington Post, October 4, 2000
Web: http://washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A9411-2000Oct4.html
15. In an interview printed by the New York Times on March 12, Gore
said: "You have to wonder whether [Bush] has the experience to be
president. I mean, you really have to wonder. ... You have to wonder:
Does Governor Bush have the experience to be president? ... Again you
have to wonder: Does George Bush have the experience to be president?"
Katharine Q. Seelye, "Gore Assails Bush on Taxes And Calls Rival
Inexperienced," New York Times, March 13, 2000
16. "In any case, Mr. Gore continued his theme from the morning
speech, saying that Mr. Bush's call for a huge tax cut 'raises the
question, "Does he have the experience to be president?'" Katharine Q.
Seelye, "Gore Challenges Bush Credibility on Policy Speeches," The New
York Times, April 13, 2000
17. "I think it is naive to, and reflects inexperience to talk about,
skipping a whole generation of modernization and asking our military
services to wait while using increasingly obsolete equipment. I think
that view, which has been expressed by some, really reflects
inexperience and naiveté. You just can't skip a generation of
modernization without paying a heavy cost in the form of increased
risk in using obsolete technology." Al Gore, Military Times, April 5,
2000. (Note: This was cited on Usenet. I have not seen the article.)
18. "Gore: Nobody would sing that as a lullaby," Associated Press,
September 23, 2000
Web: http://www.abilene2000.com/elec/sing0923.html
19. "As young Gore later often told the story, he had been
interviewed the day before by Charles Bartlett, the veteran Chicago
Sun-Times columnist from Chattanooga, a family friend who had known
Albert Gore Sr., the senior senator from Tennessee, since his early
days in the House. Bartlett 'had passed the apogee of his career' by
1968 but was 'still a very eloquent writer,' Gore said, and was one of
those helping Humphrey with his speech at the convention. 'And he came
and spent an hour with me, asking what people my age thought about the
war.' As Gore sat in the convention hall and looked up at Humphrey in
the spotlight, he thought that he heard his own words coming back to
him. He was convinced that the vice president's speechwriters had
incorporated his suggestions into the acceptance speech -- evoking
'the end of an era,' the promise of a 'prompt end to the war,' the
assertion that no one wanted 'a police state,' the call for 'young
Americans . . . to continue as vocal, creative and even critical
participants in the politics of our time.' Hearing those phrases, Gore
said later, led him to the conclusion that 'there was no doubt Mr.
Bartlett had faithfully conveyed some of the feelings that I had tried
to describe.'" David Maraniss and Ellen Nakashima, "Tumultuous '68
Summer Began Gore's Political Pull," Washington Post, December 27,
1999
Web: http://washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37508-1999Dec26.html
20. Text from Walter V. Robinson and Michael Crowley, "Record shows
Gore long embellishing truth," Boston Globe, April 11, 2000
21. Myra MacPherson, "Al Gore and the window of certainty," Washington
Post, February 2, 1988, citation from:
http://www.dailyhowler.com/h051100_1.shtml . I have not seen the
article.
22. Bob Somerby Bob Somerby, editor of _The Daily Howler_, has an
article at:
http://www.dailyhowler.com/h051100_1.shtml
Somerby's devastating critique of Robinson and Crowley shows them to
be part of the "breakdown in basic standards of journalism."
Somerby provides some little-known information about Gore's school
experience in that article.
----- Begin Somerby -----
Since MacPherson wrote in 1988, biographers and journalists have
frequently described Gore's experience in the Carthage schools. His
second-grade teacher, Eleanor Smotherman, has been quoted in several
major profiles of Gore. In fact, she was quoted by Gail Sheehy in a
Vanity Fair profile right at the time of MacPherson's piece. We're not
quite sure how the Globe missed it:
SHEEHY: He attended the local country school for a few weeks at the
start of every summer and when the folks were away on long trips,
leaving young Al on the farm. Miss Eleanor Smotherman, a dedicated
spinster teacher who to this day brings her own bread into the coffee
shop to be toasted so as to confine her expenses to coffee, had Al
Gore in her second grade class. She set him to tutoring the rural
kids, who trucked in with their runny viruses from hollers that
weren't even places, only near places. [Gail Sheehy, "The Son Also
Rises," Vanity Fair, March 1988]
If Robinson and Crowley missed Sheehy in 1988, they could have read
Alex Jones in 1992. Jones profiled Gore in the New York Times
magazine:
JONES: Despite protestations that his childhood was normal, Gore
seemed to grow up much faster than most of his peers. "When I talked
to him, I almost had to look to see whether I was talking to a child
or an adult," recalled Eleanor Smotherman, Gore's second-grade teacher
in Carthage. [Alex Jones, "Al Gore's Double Life," The New York Times
Magazine, October 25, 1992]
Jones elaborated on Gore's Tennessee experiences, describing his life
when his parents were off campaigning:
JONES: Usually, young Al was left in the care of Alota and William
Thompson, the tenant farmers who ran the Gores' spread outside
Carthage, a small town about 50 miles east of Nashville...[T]he
Thompson home had no indoor plumbing and was heated by a single
coal-burning fireplace. Al shared a bed with the Thompsons' only
child, Gordon.
Marjorie Williams expanded this portrait in 1998, writing in Vanity
Fair:
WILLIAMS: [I]n Carthage, "when he was around us, he never did mention
his life in Washington," says Gordon Thompson, the son of the couple
who managed the Gores' farm. "He brought himself down to our level.
Because he knew, to get along with us, he had to."
Gore's parents sometimes left him with the Thompsons for long periods;
when he was in the second grade, he lived with them from Christmas
until the end of the school year, sharing a bed with Gordon. They were
the first of a series of surrogate parents from whom he drew a needed
warmth. [Marjorie Williams, "The Chosen One," Vanity Fair, February
1998]
----- End Somerby -----
23. Text from Ceci Connolly, "Gore Paints Himself As No Beltway Baby,"
Washington Post, December 1, 1999
24. Mike Pride, "OUT HERE: Just One Word," Brill's Content, March
2000.
25. Walter V. Robinson, "Gore misstates facts in drug-cost pitch,"
Boston Globe, September 18, 2000; Glen Johnson, "Prescription story is
a pill for Gore," Boston Globe, September 19, 2000
26. Ellen Nakashima and David Maraniss, "Al Gore and the Legacy of
Race," Washington Post, April 23, 2000
27. Washington Post: "Here was the farm where his father taught Al to
use an ax, square-bale hay, clear the tobacco patch and once, in the
summer of his fifteenth year, how to plow a slanted hillside with a
team of mules. The stiff preppy Geeing and Hawing his mules? The very
notion has prompted doubts and some ridicule. But his Carthage friends
are puzzled by the skepticism. Steve Armistead, Edd Blair, Goat
Thompson, and Terry Pope all worked alongside Al for several summers.
They fooled around when they could -- filling the cattle trough with
cold water and diving in, driving jalopies wildly down the farm hill,
hypnotizing chickens -- but not when the old man was watching. 'Senior
always wanted Al to do this and do that," recalled Steve Armistead.
"His dad really wanted him to work.' Perhaps there was a long-range
political purpose to Albert's insistence that his son learn the ways
of rural life, but the intent did not seem to be that Al could later
use the farm as a convenient counterpoint to his Ivy League schooling.
Gore Senior believed that farm work was invaluable in and of itself.
Pauline later recalled one afternoon when she and Albert were inside
the big house, looking out the picture window toward the Caney Fork,
and there was Al down below, behind the mules, and the father said
contentedly, 'I think a boy, to achieve anything he wants to achieve,
which would include being president of the United States, oughta be
able to run a hillside plow.'" -- David Maraniss and Ellen Nakashima,
"Gore Learns From Father's Life," Washington Post, October 3, 1999
New York Times: "But in separating the facts from the fanciful in Mr.
Gore's life, perhaps the most striking discovery is the extent to
which the material that is the most widely doubted is also the most
demonstrably true: Al Gore did do a lot of his growing up in
Tennessee. He did work hard on the farm there -- so hard, in fact,
that the hired help felt sorry for him, and thought his father should
ease up....In the same way, some of what is generally assumed about
Mr. Gore's life is not true: he did not, for example, live in luxury
back in Washington during the school year....Mr. Gore's parents were
both famously frugal and were not well off until after their son had
grown and after the senator's political career had ended. Though they
sent their children to exclusive schools and provided such social
necessities as ballroom dancing lessons for their son, they also
dressed him in a cousin's hand-me-downs and lived in a hotel because
it was owned by a relative who gave them a break on the rent....Though
his political opponents have successfully portrayed him as a pure-bred
Washington creature, with only photo-op moments in the heartland, he
did have a life there, on the family farm, and by all accounts a more
intense emotional connection to that place than to the nation's
capital....Of course, Mr. Gore is the product of both Washington and
Tennessee -- and of the very fact of having grown up in two places,
with two groups of friends and two ways of looking at the world. He
was born in Washington, lived in Tennessee from the time he was 1
until he was 4, while his father ran for the Senate, and then moved
between the two places until college.... '[Farm work] was expected
from the time he was little,' said James Fleming, a Nashville doctor
and friend of Nancy Gore's, who for a time served as the Gore family
physician. It was not so much that the Gores thought cleaning out
barns would add just the right touch of 'log cabin' to his résumé,
family friends said, as that they simply felt it would toughen him up
and give him a proper work ethic....He baled hay, cut tobacco and
cleaned out hog parlors along with the hired help....But the senator
also seemed to revel in assigning his son some of the most
backbreaking tasks, like clearing 20 hilly acres with a hand
ax....'He'd drive him pretty hard,' said Gordon Thompson, a friend
whose family used to live on the Gore farm, back when his own father
worked for the senator....But then, [Gore Jr.] drove himself hard,
too. Even at 4-H camp, as a 9-year-old, he asked to be given the
heavy-lifting kitchen duty usually reserved for 13- and 14-year-olds.
'He was the only camper I ever had volunteer for K-P,' said Jerry
Cole, the local 4-H agent." Melinda Henneberger, "AL GORE'S JOURNEY A
Boyhood Divided," New York Times, May 22, 2000
28. Calvin Woodward, "Gore's embellishments persist, even in the
spotlight," Associated Press, October 6, 2000
29. Gore: "[Bradley's proposals were] an old-style approach that
spends a lot of money but doesn't have any new ideas. [He proposes]
the expansion of the Earned Income Tax Credit. I was the author of
that proposal. I wrote that, so I say, welcome aboard. That is
something for which I have been the principal proponent for a long
time." Karen Tumulty, Interview with Al Gore, Time magazine, November
1, 1999
"The Gore-Downey bill would aim an additional break at working
families with children who are just above the poverty line by
expanding the Earned Income Tax Credit." Paul Taylor, "Hill Democrats
Unveil Middle-Class Tax Cut Plan," Washington Post, May 7, 1991
30. Somerby has an extensive treatment at:
http://dailyhowler.com/h052200_1.shtml
Corroborating Somerby is the fact that none of the many Gore critiques
I've read on this point produce any statements showing Gore ever
disagreed with Roe v Wade.
31. Roger Parloff, "Temple In a Teapot," The American Lawyer, May 31,
2000
Alternate link:
(Both links seem to work, and it's important to read the entire
article to understand its thoroughness.)
Also, John B. Judis, "Al Gore and the Temple of Doom," The American
Prospect vol. 11 no. 11, April 24, 2000
Web: http://www.prospect.org/archives/V11-11/jjudis.html
(Differences between the two assessments are at least in part
attributable to the fact that Judis hadn't read the later Parloff
account.)
Good introduction to Parloff at by Stuart Taylor Jr., "Gore and the
Buddhist Temple -- a Phony Scandal?" Atlantic Unbound, June 7, 2000
Web: http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/nj/taylor2000-06-07.htm
32. John B. Judis, op. cit.
33. Here is the exact text from:
http://www.algore.com/briefingroom/releases/pr_092300_Gore_Wins_1.html
:
STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1977.
The Strategic Petroleum Reserve was first established on July 21, 1977
when the first oil was delivered to the reserve. The government
acquired the first salt caverns to serve as the first storage sites
for the reserve in April of 1977 and construction of the first surface
facilities for the Strategic Petroleum Reserve began in June 1978. The
Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 set in motion the evolving
process of setting up an oil reserve that would have 500 million
barrels of oil in 1982. [Oil & Gas Journal, January 30, 1978]
GORE SERVED ON KEY COMMITTEE ON OIL POLICY.
Al Gore began serving on the House Commerce subcommittee on Energy and
Power, which oversees petroleum policy, in early 1977.
GORE FAVORED DOUBLING AMOUNT OF OIL IN STRATEGIC RESERVE.
Al Gore voted in favor of President Carter's National Energy Program
which called for doubling the Strategic Petroleum Reserve to one
billion barrels from its original 500 million. [CQ Vote #454, 7/29/77,
passed 254-120 (D234-17; R 20-103)]
34. "Several of the people who could claim to have 'invented' the
Internet, or key pieces of its protocols -- in particular, Vinton Cerf
and Robert Kahn -- are out there on the Net today defending Gore,
asserting that he was the politician in Washington who took the
'initiative' to support the Net in its early days....That's what
you'll hear from Phillip Hallam-Baker, a former member of the CERN Web
development team that created the basic structure of the World Wide
Web. Hallam-Baker calls the campaign to tar Gore as a delusional
Internet inventor 'a calculated piece of political propaganda to deny
Gore credit for what is probably his biggest achievement.' .... "'In
the early days of the Web,' says Hallam-Baker, who was there, 'he was
a believer, not after the fact when our success was already
established -- he gave us help when it counted. He got us the funding
to set up at MIT after we got kicked out of CERN for being too
successful. He also personally saw to it that the entire federal
government set up Web sites. Before the White House site went online,
he would show the prototype to each agency director who came into his
office. At the end he would click on the link to their agency site. If
it returned 'Not Found' the said director got a powerful message that
he better have a Web site before he next saw the veep.'" Scott
Rosenberg, "Did Gore invent the Internet?" Salon, October 5, 2000
Web:
www.salon.com/tech/col/rose/2000/10/05/gore_internet/index.html?CP=YAH&DN=110
35. In June 1986, back when there were fewer than 5,000 network host
sites (there are tens of millions today) available to a comparative
handful of knowledgeable users, Gore, then a senator from Tennessee,
introduced the Supercomputer Network Study Act in response to fears in
the research community that the U.S. was dangerously lagging in this
area. Then in October 1988, Gore introduced the National
High-Performance Computer Technology Act. After it died, he
reintroduced it in May of the following year. It called for more
ambitious funding to improve and expand the connections between
universities, libraries and other institutions....Computer scientist
Vinton Cerf, sometimes called 'The Father of the Internet,' was
co-designer of the communications protocol that forms the backbone of
the Internet and a pioneer in the academic/military computer networks
from which the Internet sprung. In a statement sent to me Monday by
MCI WorldCom, where he is now senior vice president of Internet
Architecture and Technology, Cerf wrote: 'Gore's support for the
research agencies ... helped to shape the development of the NSFNET--a
national network with international connections that took up where its
predecessor, the ARPANET, left off. ... By the mid-late 1980s,
then-Senator Gore had become a visible proponent of NSFNET, which
enthusiasm and insight continued and grew with his election to the
Vice Presidency. For having seen the potential in these technologies,
and for having pursued and argued for legislation and administration
support for research in these areas ... I think it is entirely fitting
that the Vice President take some credit for helping to create an
environment in which [the] Internet could thrive.'" Eric Zorn, "Gore's
Internet Link Is Nothing To Joke About," Chicago Tribune, August 22,
2000:
36. USA Today, September 19, 2000; Robert Parry, "He's No Pinocchio,"
The Washington Monthly, April 2000; Eric Zorn, "Gore Connection To
`Love Story' A Muddled Affair," Chicago Tribune, August 28, 2000;
Melinda Henneburger, "Author Says 'Love Story' Was Based on Gore," New
York Times, December 14, 1997
37. According to a debate follow-up story by Sarasota's local paper,
the Herald-Tribune, "Kailey and several other students were forced to
stand at various times during the first few weeks of school because
budget cuts pushed up class sizes beyond expectations, according to
interviews with students and teachers and firsthand observations by
Herald-Tribune reporters." Jill Barton, "Debate on our doorstep," The
Herald-Tribune, October 5, 2000
Although Gore was not correct that Kailey was still standing, his
interpretation of the September 10 Herald-Tribune article he'd been
given the day of the debate was reasonable. The relevant statements
in the article were, A) "Kailey Ellis, 15, stands in the back of her
science class because there isn't room for another desk to accommodate
her." B) "But budget cuts caused class sizes to swell for many public
high school teachers this year, and Ellis' teacher, Spike Black, was
forced to require up to four students to stand every class," C) "As a
result, the budget mess has produced devastating results just three
weeks into the school year," and D) "School officials warn that it
will only get worse." Jill Barton, "Schools struggle through cuts,"
The Herald-Tribune, September 10, 2000
38. John Mintz, "Gore's 'Can Lady' Not in Dire Straits," Washington
Post, October 5, 2000
39. The Associated Press confirmed her financial independence from
her son, suggesting the Winnebago was not Winifred's after all: "Her
role in his campaign peaked when she was driven 1,300 miles to Boston
in a Winnebago to be in the audience....Skinner said she did not want
to take money from her son, Earl King, who lives on an 80-acre ranch.
'When I can't support myself, I'm done,' she said. 'You've got to have
some pride....They say my son's got money. Maybe so, but that's not
me. If he starts supporting me, then I'm no longer my own person.'"
Susan Stocum, "Gore's New Friend Comes Home Tired," Associated Press,
October 6, 2000
As far back as October 2, the Post had implied Winifred did not own
the Winnebago: "[A]fter she told Vice President Gore at a town
meeting Wednesday that she spends up to three hours a day collecting
aluminum cans to make ends meet.... the Gore campaign has...dispatched
a Winnebago to take her there from Des Moines." Howard Kurtz, "Al
Gore's Can-Do Consultant," Washington Post, October 2, 2000
This is corroborated by the New York Times: "The Gore campaign offered
to fly her to Sarasota and Boston, but she declined because she is
afraid to fly. The campaign then offered to drive her to Boston. She
hesitated because she did not want to leave behind her 6-year-old toy
poodle, Bridget. You can bring the dog, the campaign said." -- Kevin
Sack, "Gore's Debate 'Advisers' Include Voices From the Campaign
Trail," New York Times, September 29, 2000
40. Turque, op. cit.
41. http://www.whitehouse.gov/WH/New/html/20000204_12.html
42. "Many of Gore's inflated claims have been reported, though only a
few prominently. But a review by the Globe of Gore's public statements
over more than 20 years, as well as two recent biographies, suggest
that the pattern has been more pronounced than previously believed,
and that it remains unchecked." Walter V. Robinson and Michael
Crowley, "Record shows Gore long embellishing truth," Boston Globe,
April 11, 2000
One of the purposes of my article is to show that, contrary to the
claims of Robinson and Crowley, Gore's "pattern" has been far _less_
"pronounced than previously believed." Note that Robinson and Crowley
attribute to Gore himself claims made only in his campaign
advertising. That doesn't absolve Gore of responsibility, but for an
eye-opening look at what happens when Bush is held to the same
standard, see:
http://www.geocities.com/gore_in_context/b-correct.html
In addition to this link (also cited above):
http://www.dailyhowler.com/h051100_1.shtml
where Somerby dismantles Robinson and Crowley on rural schooling,
Somerby pokes more holes in the Globe article at:
http://www.dailyhowler.com/h051000_1.shtml
and
http://www.dailyhowler.com/h051200_1.shtml
On the other hand, regarding Gore's claim to seven years as a
journalist, I believe, based on information in Turque's biography,
that Robinson and Crowley are right and Somerby wrong.
43. John W. Gonzalez and Polly Ross Hughes, "Despite records, Bush
denies mentally retarded executed," Houston Chronicle, August 10,
2000. Citation is from:
http://gore_in_context.tripod.com/b-retarded.html . (Note: I have not
seen the article, and the Chronicle link has apparently expired.)
44. Paul Krugman, "Wag the Dog," New York Times, September 24, 2000
Web: http://www.nytimes.com/2000/09/24/opinion/24KRUG.html
45. Paul Krugman, "Oops! He Did It Again" New York Times, October 1,
2000
Web: http://www.nytimes.com/2000/10/01/opinion/01KRUG.html
46. Walter V. Robinson and Raja Mishra, "A few missing facts," Boston
Globe, October 18, 2000
A lengthy analysis of this is contained in: George Lardner Jr., "Fact
Check: On HMOs, Bush a Reluctant Reformer," Washington Post, February
17, 2000
Web: http://washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A61362-2000Feb16.html
47. Ronald Brownstein, "Bush Muddies the Waters in Spelling Out
States' Role in His Voucher Plan," Los Angeles Times, October 4, 2000
48. Sean Wilentz, "Will Pseudo-Scandals Decide the Election?,"
_American Prospect_ Volume 11 Issue 21 September 24 - October 2, 2000
Web: http://www.americanprospect.com/archives/V11-21/wilentz-s.html
A Problem with the Truth - Gore's or the Media?
Footnotes
Version 1.2
Keith Woodard
qwoo...@worldnet.att.net