The money center banks have moved aggressively into the Middle East,
establishing operations in Tel Aviv, Beirut and Bahrain – where the US 5th
Fleet was setting up shop. Bank privatizations in Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia
and Israel opened the door to the mega-banks in those nations. Chase and
Citibank borrowed money to Royal Dutch/Shell and Saudi Petrochemical, while
JP Morgan advised the Qatargas consortium led by Exxon Mobil.
http://www.veteranstoday.com/2012/11/26/the-four-horsemen-of-banking/