A Wendy Carlos Discography, January 12, 2017

[JohnN]

A Wendy Carlos Discography
January 12, 2017

DISCLAIMERS

This discography covers her recordings as released in the United States, and does not claim to be complete. Versions of some albums released outside of the USA are mentioned if they differ from their USA counterparts in some way. This is not in any way an official discography sanctioned by Wendy Carlos or any of her record companies.

THE RECORD LABELS

COLUMBIA/COLUMBIA MASTERWORKS/CBS/CBS MASTERWORKS/SONY MASTERWORKS: The CBS Records Group was sold to Sony in 1987 and renamed Sony Music Entertainment in 1991. Columbia Records released their recordings in other parts of the world as CBS Records, as EMI owned the name "Columbia" in those areas before 1990. Around 1979, CBS started using the CBS name worldwide for their Masterworks releases. Although the earlier titles continued to say "Columbia Masterworks" on the jacket, LP labels on pressings made after 1979 may say "CBS Masterworks." SONIC SEASONINGS and CLOCKWORK ORANGE were released on the regular Columbia pop label, and TRON, SECRETS OF SYNTHESIS and PETER AND THE WOLF were released on CBS, an imprint used during the 1980s for "cross-over" recordings. "CBS Mastersound" was an early 1980s "audiophile" label of half-speed mastered LPs and chrome cassettes. "Sony Mastersound" was an "audiophile" label of gold CDs released in 1992-3. Prefix letters for SONIC SEASONINGS and CLOCKWORK ORANGE changed over the years as the list prices changed. The cassettes (and, I assume, the open reel tapes) had the selections in the same order as the LPs. The 8-track tapes most likely had them in a different order, with some of the longer selections interrupted for program changes. There may have also been some slight edits (see Sonic Seasonings). Quadraphonic LPs were playable on stereo players while quadraphonic 8-track tapes were playable only on special 4-channel 8-track players. Open reel tapes released after 1972 and the 8-track version of Switched-on Brandenburgs were sold only through Columbia House, Columbia's mail order record club.

EAST SIDE DIGITAL

All East Side Digital releases except for the two REDISCOVERING LOST SCORES volumes contained enhanced CD files for computers. They also have index points (not to be confused with track numbers!) "at significant musical transitions" (although these are never explained; the sole exception is "Pompous Circumstances" in BY REQUEST). Most CD players, however, do not show index numbers.

"WALTER CARLOS"

LPs and tapes released before 1979, as well as the CLOCKWORK ORANGE soundtrack on compact disc and the movie on VHS, DVD & Blu-Ray, bears the name "Walter Carlos." Walter Carlos and Wendy Carlos are the same person; consult Carlos' web site http://www.wendycarlos.com for the story. However, except for the undated note mentioned below, it has not been updated in nearly eight years.

CURRENT AVAILABILITY

All domestic (US) Wendy Carlos CDs are out of print, although copies (new and used) may still be found on the internet. The following undated note has appeared on the main page of her web site:

"Note: Due to major changes in the music business, we unexpectedly lost our ESD distrubution (sic), leaving us stranded with few good options. On top of two other critical business issues, time for updating this website became severely limited. We expect to have news on a new set of releases of Wendy's albums, plus a return to regular additions on the site as soon as possible. Thank you for your many concerned inquiries and patience, good friends."

TRON is available as a download from itunes.

THE DISCOGRAPHY

The first entry is the only recording in this discography that was released in both mono and stereo sound. All others were released only in stereo except for SWITCHED-ON BACH, released in both stereo and SQ Quadraphonic, and SWITCHED-ON BACH 2000, released in Dolby Surround. Some of the early singles were released only in mono.

** ELECTRONIC MUSIC (1966)
LP: Turnabout TV 4004 (mono)
LP: Turnabout TV 34004S (stereo)

SELECTIONS: [Andres Lewin-Richter: Study No. 1. Ilhan Mimaroglu: Le Tombeau d'Edgar Poe. Tzvi Anvi: Vocalise]. Carlos: Variations for Flute and Electronic Sound. Carlos: Dialogues for Piano and Two Loudspeakers (Carlos, tape; Philip Ramey, piano; John Heiss, flute). [Selections in brackets not composed or performed by Wendy Carlos.] [The identity of John Heiss comes from the Wikipedia entry on Wendy Carlos.]

NOTES: Described by Wendy Carlos as "Two of my earliest compositions from graduate student days at Columbia University." "Dialogues" is the earliest composition Wendy Carlos acknowledges, and was later re-recorded for BY REQUEST. No compact disc of these two early performances have been officially released.

** SWITCHED-ON BACH (1968)
http://www.wendycarlos.com/+sob.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switched-On_Bach

LP: Columbia Masterworks MS 7194
LP: Columbia Masterworks MQ 31018 (released 1972; SQ Quadraphonic)
LP: CBS Mastersound HM 47194 (released 1981; half-speed mastered)
Cassette: Columbia Masterworks 16 11 0092 (renumbered MT 7194 sometime during the 1980s)
8 track: Columbia Masterworks 18 11 0092
Quadraphonic 8-track: MAQ 31018 (released 1972)
Open Reel: Columbia Masterworks MQ 1042
Compact disc: CBS Masterworks MK 7194 (released c. 1985)
Compact disc: Sony Mastersound MK 53789 (released 1993; gold disc)
Compact disc: East Side Digital ESD 81602 (released 2001)

SELECTIONS: Sinfonia to Cantata No. 29. Air on the G String. Two-Part Invention in F Major. Two-Part Invention in B-Flat Major. Two-Part Invention in D Minor. Jesu, Joy of Man's Desiring. Prelude and Fugue No. 7 in Flat Major From "The Well-Tempered Clavier, Book I." Prelude and Fugue No. 2 in C Minor From "The Well-Tempered Clavier, Book I." Chorale Prelude "Wachet Auf." Brandenburg Concerto No. 3 in G Major (First Movement-Second Movement-Third Movement). BONUS TRACK ON THE ESD SINGLE DISC RELEASE: Initial Experiments (narrated by Wendy Carlos).

NOTES: The Third Brandenburg Concerto was reissued with a new second movement on SWITCHED-ON BRANDENBURGS.

Carlos' working tile was THE ELECTRONIC BACH. "The Label: The Story of Columbia Records" by Gary Marmorstein (Thunder's Mouth Press, 2007) says the name SWITCHED-ON BACH was coined by CBS employee Bill King after Masterworks director Peter Munves' suggestion of TURNED-ON BACH was rejected as sounding "too drug related." (This book also claims that Munves and Masterworks' Paul Myers chose the music.) However, in the booklet for the ESD "Switched-on Box" Collection, Carlos credits CBS art director Jon Berg with coining the phrase, and makes no mention of anyone (other than herself) choosing which selections to include.

The quadraphonic version, mastered on LP with the CBS SQ matrix system, was withdrawn shortly after release (reportedly) at Carlos' request, who was quoted at the time (in High Fidelity or Stereo Review, I can't remember which) as saying (more or less), "What goes in does not come out." The Q8 eight track cartridge was the only way this recording was ever available in discrete four channel sound. Carlos has several pages on surround sound on her web site, which explains her views on SQ and other quad systems. Two selections, the Chorale Prelude "Wachet Auf" and the first movement of the Third Brandenburg Concerto, were released on a sampler SQ LP, "Bach to Bernstein," CQ 10873, which was sold only at Radio Shack.

Early LP pressings and open reel tapes of SWITCHED-ON BACH had a different cover, which Carlos objected to, as well as a performance credit simply as "The Moog Synthesizer." (Marmorstein credits Peter Munves as the one who chose the original cover photo.) At her request, CBS's Goddard Lieberson ordered the cover and credit changed. The original cover (color corrected by Wendy Carlos) and her story behind it can be found in the book in the SWITCHED-ON BOX SET. The Japanese version (CBS/Sony LP SOCL-1030) retained the original (even into the CD era, 32DC 477) while the latter was used for a different release (CBS/Sony LP SOCL-208) which seems to be a release featuring the Third, Fourth and Fifth Brandenburg Concertos only (see also below). Editions released in other countries may have retained the original cover as well.

Although released well after the time Wendy Carlos revealed her true identity, the half-speed mastered Mastersound LP still credited "Walter" Carlos.

The first ESD version is in the SWITCHED-ON BOX SET with two bonus tracks, "Brandenburg Concerto No. 3 in G Major Adagio" (second version, 1979) from SWITCHED-ON BRANDENBURGS, and "Initial Experiments" with spoken commentary.

A 7" promo single, catalog number 4-44803, featured the first movement of the Brandenburg Concerto No. 3 on the A side and the Two Part Invention in F on the B side. In England, a 7" single, catalog number 4296 1969, featured the same A side with the Sinfonia to Cantata No. 29 on the B Side. (Source: e-bay auction.)

Columbia released "Switched Off Bach: The Human Side of SWITCHED-ON BACH" the following year (LP MS 7241; open reel Columbia Musical Treasuries DT 496; I don't know if 8-track and cassette versions were made) which consisted of the same selections performed by Columbia artists (Glenn Gould, E. Power Biggs, Pablo Casals, etc.). It is long out of print (it's not even listed in the Library of Congress online catalog) and I don't have a copy, although I have seen some for sale on the internet. The cover is identical to the original except that the photo has been cropped to show a close up of the Bach figure with the synthesizer airbrushed out. If you want to do a "reconstruction" of this LP on CD you can do it with the following CBS/Sony CDs:

Sinfonia, Jesu, Wachet Auf: E. Power Biggs, Music of Jubilee, CBS Masterworks MK 42646.
Air on a G String: Pablo Casals, Marlboro Festival Orchestral, Bach Orchestral Suites: Sony Classical SMK 45892.
Inventions: Glenn Gould, numerous releases, including Sony Classical SMK 52596, SX12K 64226, SK 87754, SK 90401, 82876-78766-2.
Preludes & Fugues: Glenn Gould, Bach Well-Tempered Clavier Book 1: numerous releases, including Sony Classical SM2K 52600.
Brandenburg Concerto 3: Pablo Casals, Marlboro Festival Orchestra, Bach Brandenburg Concertos 1-3: Sony Classical SMK 46253

Another release, Columbia S2S 5290, had both Switched-on Bach and Switched Off Bach shrink wrapped together. It was available only through their mail order record club.

"Jesu, Joy of Man's Desiring" appeared on the Columbia LP "Wishing You a Merry Christmas" (MS 7322). The front cover featured a photo of "Walter" Carlos. See http://ernienotbert.blogspot.com/2007_12_09_archive.html
The same photograph appears on the front cover of Columbia MGP 13, "Our Best to You," which features the third movement of the Third Brandenburg Concerto. See http://audiopreservationfund.org/graphics/acquisitions/COL_00001/Front%20Covers/Big/COL_00001_01443.jpg

On April 11, 2006, Switched-on Bach was added to the National Recording Registry for the year 2005. These recordings are selected annually by the Librarian of Congress as recordings that are "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant."
http://www.loc.gov/rr/record/nrpb/registry/nrpb-2005reg.html

Alternate titles: BACH A LA MOOG (Chile), BAROCK REVOLUTION: SWITCHED-ON BACH (Holland), BACH ELECTRONICO (Argentina; "Great Performances No. 107" [The US series only went to 100 and did not include this title]; the photo is a crop of the original). (Source: e-bay auctions.)

** THE WELL-TEMPERED SYNTHESIZER (1969)
http://www.wendycarlos.com/+wts.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Well-Tempered_Synthesizer

LP: Columbia Masterworks MS 7286
Cassette: Columbia Masterworks 16 11 0144
Cassette: CBS Masterworks MT 7286 (reissued 1984)
8 track: Columbia Masterworks 18 11 0144
Open Reel: Columbia Masterworks MQ 1150
Compact disc: East Side Digital ESD 81612 (released 2001)

SELECTIONS: Monteverdi: Orfeo Suite (Toccata, Ritornello I, Choro I, Ritonello II, Choro II, Ritornello II). Scarlatti: Sonata in G Major, L 209/K 455. Scarlatti: Sonata in D Major, L 164/K 491. Handel: Water Music (Bourrée, Air, Allegro Deciso). Scarlatti: Sonata in E Major, L 430/K 531. Scarlatti: Sonata in D Major, L 465/K 96. Bach: Brandenburg Concerto No. 4 in G Major. Monteverdi: Domine ad Adjuvandum from 1610 Vespers. BONUS TRACKS ON THE ESD RELEASE: Stereo Alignment Tones. Well-Tempered Experiments (narrated by Wendy Carlos).

NOTES: Early LP pressings included a short "Stereo Alignment Tones" at the beginning of side 1 (included before the "Experiments" track on the CD).

Early LP pressings included a 7" bonus 33 1/3 rpm EP, BTS 17, "The Wild Sounds of New Music," with excerpts of music by Riley, Lasry-Bachet, Partch, Berio, and Reich.

The Fourth Brandenburg Concerto was reissued on SWITCHED-ON BRANDENBURGS.

A 45 RPM single, Columbia 4-45033, was released in Canada, Brandenburg Concerto No. 4 Third Movement - excerpt, backed by a Scarlatti Sonata, not otherwise specified (Source: e-bay auction).

A CBS/Sony Japanese release (LP SOCL-206) was titled SWITCHED-ON BAROQUE and had a different cover.

The first ESD version is in the SWITCHED-ON BOX SET with the bonus tracks described above.

** A CLOCKWORK ORANGE (Original Soundtrack) (1971)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Clockwork_Orange_(soundtrack)

LP: Warner Bros. BS 2573
Cassette: Warner Bros. M5 2753
8 track: Warner Bros. M8 2753
Open Reel: Warner Bros. WST 2573 C
Compact disc: Warner Bros. 2753-2 (released c. 1984)

SELECTIONS: Carlos-Elkind: Title Music from A Clockwork Orange (from Purcell's Music For the Music of Queen Mary). [Rossini: The Thieving Magpie Overture (abridged)]. Carlos-Elkind: Theme from A Clockwork Orange (Beethoviana). [Beethoven: Ninth Symphony, second movement (abridged)]. March from A Clockwork Orange (Beethoven: Ninth Symphony, Fourth Movement [abridged]) (Articulations by Rachel Elkind, arr. Carlos). Rossini: William Tell Overture (abridged) (arr. Carlos). [Elgar: Pomp and Circumstance March No. 1 (abridged)]. [Elgar: Pomp and Circumstance March No. 4 (abridged)]. Carlos: Timesteps (abridged). [Tucker: Overture to the Sun]. [Eigen: I Want To Marry a Lighthouse Keeper]. [Rossini: William Tell Overture (abridged)]. Suicide Scherzo (Beethoven: Ninth Symphony, Second Movement (abridged) (arr. Carlos). [Freed-Brown: Singing In the Rain]. [Selections in brackets not composed or performed by Wendy Carlos.]

NOTES: The "Suicide Scherzo" has never been released outside of this particular compilation (the version on the CBS/ESD CLOCKWORK ORANGE is essentially the same, but without the FX heard on this release).

The movie has been released several times on DVD and Blu-Ray. All have the original theatrical trailer; the only thing heard during this is a short version of Carlos' realization of the "William Tell Overture" in mono. The 2000 and 2007 releases feature a remastered soundtrack with the music in stereo (the original is mono), but Carlos has never mentioned doing new mixes, so I assume that these were mastered from the same tapes used for the stereo soundtrack LP. The 2007 release is a 2 disc DVD set (the Blu-Ray only has one disc [except for one that has has a second disc with a documentary on Stanley Kubrick], but includes all the special features) with documentaries and a commentary track by Malcolm McDowell. The documentary "Still Tickin': The Return of Clockwork Orange" features electronic versions of the movie's music which is NOT performed by Wendy Carlos! Why didn't they just use the original?

A 45 rpm single was released by Warner Brothers: March from "A Clockwork Orange" b/w Theme from "A Clockwork Orange," catalog number WB 7547 (in the UK, K 16145). In Germany, the single was released with Suicide Scherzo as the B side, catalog number WB 16150. (Source: e-bay auctions; Music Stack website.)

"A Clockwork Composer: Wendy Carlos Switched Back on Soundtracks and Revisits Her Premiere Score," an interview by Jeff Bond, appeared in the March 1999 issue of Film Score Monthly (available as a pdf file from http://www.wendycarlos.com). The interview reveals that she was also invited to score the movie "Marooned" but the director and producers changed their minds and used electronic sound effects only.

Going off the subject of Wendy Carlos for a moment, "Overture to the Sun" (Terry Tucker) and "I Want to Marry a Lighthouse Keeper" (Erika Eigen) are re-recordings of two songs from "The Sound of Sunforest," the only LP recorded by Sunforest (released in the UK as Deram Nova SDN 7 in 1969), a trio which consisted of Tucker, Eigen and Freya Houge. In fact, the LP version of "Lighthouse Keeper" (to use the LP title) contains the extra verses heard in the film but not on the soundtrack album. This has been released on compact disc by Acme/Lion, UPC 778578101226.

** SONIC SEASONINGS (1972), SONIC SEASONINGS + (1998)
http://www.wendycarlos.com/+sslms.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonic_Seasonings

LP: Columbia KG 31234 2 LPs [also PG 31234]
Cassette: Columbia GT 31234 one double-length tape [also PGT 31234]
8 track: Columbia GA 31234 one double-length tape [also PGA 21234]
Open Reel: Columbia GR 31234 one double-length tape
Compact disc: East Side Digital ESD 81372 (SONIC SEASONINGS +)

SELECTIONS: Sonic Seasonings (Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter). BONUS TRACKS ON THE ESD RELEASE: Winter (alternate ending). Land of the Midnight Sun (Aurora Borealis, Midnight Sun).

NOTES: "Sonic Seasonings" was recorded 1970-1971. The LP included a poster of the cover art. The tapes (eight track and cassette; I don't know if this is true of the open reel version) had about two minutes edited out of "Spring" and "Summer." My guess is CBS edited it that way in order to avoid blank run offs during the first three programs of the eight track tape cartridge, and they simply used the same master for the cassette. At least one CBS/Sony Japanese LP release (SOCL-209) deleted over half the material in order to fit it onto a single LP. It was also mastered in "SX-74 Sound," whatever that is (as were most, if not all, Japanese CBS/Sony LPs mentioned herein).

Carlos wanted to release a quadraphonic version, but CBS refused to release it in CD-4, Carlos' choice (CD-4 was developed by JVC, which had close ties with RCA, CBS's rival), while Carlos refused to allow its release in SQ, CBS's system.

"Land of the Midnight Sun" is a two movement work recorded in late 1986 as an experiment on recording sound-on-sound on digital recording equipment.

** WENDY CARLOS' CLOCKWORK ORANGE (1972, 1998)
http://www.wendycarlos.com/+wwco.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wendy_Carlos%27_Clockwork_Orange

LP: Columbia KC 31480 [also PC 31480]
Cassette: Columbia CT 31480 [also PCT 31480]
8 track: Columbia CA 31480 [also PCA 31480]
Open Reel: Columbia CR 31480
Compact disc: East Side Digital ESD 81362 (released 1998)

SELECTIONS: Carlos: Timesteps. March from a Clockwork Orange (Beethoven: Ninth Symphony, Fourth Movement [abridged]) (Articulations by Rachel Elkind, arr. Carlos). Carlos-Elkind: Title Music from A Clockwork Orange (from Purcell's Music for the Music of Queen Mary). Rossini arr. Carlos: La Gazza Ladra (Thieving Magpie Overture [abridged]). Carlos-Elkind: Theme from A Clockwork Orange (Beethoviana). Beethoven-Carlos: Ninth Symphony, Second Movement (Scherzo) [abridged]. Rossini-Carlos: William Tell Overture (abridged). Carlos-Elkind: Country Lane. BONUS TRACKS ON THE ESD RELEASE: Carlos: Orange Minuet. Carlos-Elkind: Biblical Daydreams (sequenced between the William Tell Overture and Country Lane).

NOTES: The CBS/Sony Japanese release (LP SOCL-202) was titled SWITCHED-ON BEETHOVEN. In fact, the Japanese went somewhat overboard with the "Switched-on" titles; the 1971 Andrew Kazdin-Thomas Z. Shepard EVERYTHING YOU ALWAYS WANTED TO HEAR ON THE MOOG (BUT WERE AFRAID TO ASK FOR), was released there as SWITCHED-ON BOLERO!
See http://www.discogs.com/Walter-Carlos-Switched-on-Beethoven/release/1401738

"Country Lane" was released in a compilation, THE PROGRESSIVES, Columbia KG 31574, along with selections by The Mahavishnu Orchestra, Bill Evans, Weather Report, Soft Machine, and others. "Theme from A CLOCKWORK ORANGE" was released in another compilation, PIONEERS OF THE NEW AGE, Columbia C 44314 (compact disc CK 44314), along with selections by Weather Report, Jean-Pierre Rampal, Baden Powel, Carlos Santana, etc.

The compact disc has new cover art with the original cover reproduced on the back of the booklet. The bonus tracks are music that was originally intended for the movie but were not used. It appears that "Orange Minuet" was on an early track list for BY REQUEST (titled simply "Minuet"), but was bumped, along with other material, by "Pompous Circumstances" before it was released. See below for the weird story concerning that LP!

Three additional cues, recently discovered by Wendy Carlos, were released on REDISCOVERING LOST SCORES VOLUME 1 (see below).

** SWITCHED-ON BACH II (1973)
http://www.wendycarlos.com/+sobII.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switched-On_Bach_II

LP: Columbia Masterworks KM 32659
Cassette: Columbia Masterworks KMT 32659
8 track: Columbia Masterworks KMA 32659
Open Reel: Columbia Masterworks 1R1 6166 (Columbia Record Club only)
Compact disc: East Side Digital ESD 81622 (released 2002)

SELECTIONS: Excerpts From Orchestral Suite No. 2 in B Minor, BWV 1067 (Badinerie, Minuett, Bourrée). Two-Part Invention No. 13 in A Minor, BWV 784. Two-Part Invention No. 12 in A Major, BWV 783. Aria "Sheep May Safely Graze" from Cantata No. 208. Suite from the Anna Magdalena Notebook (Musette in D Major, Anh 126; Minuet in G Major, Anh. 114; Bist de bei mir, BWV 508; Marche in D Major, Anh 122). Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 in D Major, BWV 1050.

NOTES: The Fifth Brandenburg Concerto was reissued on SWITCH-ON BRANDENBURGS. The selections on side 1 were issued as filler tracks for the CBS SWITCHED-ON BRANDENBURGS CDs.

The first ESD version is in the SWITCHED-ON BOX SET with one bonus track, Little Fugue in G Minor (originally from BY REQUEST). The single disc version omits the bonus track. Carlos describes the ESD cover art as "a recreation of the original ... That provided an opportunity to improve on the better parts of the original, remaining completely true to its spirit, while at the same time fixing several things we hated about the old CBS version."

** BY REQUEST (1975)
http://www.wendycarlos.com/+br.html

LP: Columbia Masterworks M 32088
Cassette: Columbia Masterworks MT 32088
8 track: Columbia Masterworks MA 32088
Open Reel: Columbia Masterworks 1R1 6453 (Columbia Record Club only)
Compact disc: East Side Digital ESD 81692 (released 2003)

SELECTIONS: Tchaikovsky: Three Dances from "The Nutcracker Suite" (Russian Dance, Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy, Dance of the Reed-Pipes). Carlos: Dialogues for Piano and Two Loudspeakers (Philip Ramey, piano). Carlos: Episodes for Piano and Electronic Sound (Philip Ramey, piano). Carlos: Geodesic Dance (Electronic Etude). Bach: Brandenburg Concerto #2 in F - First Movement. Bach: "Little" Fugue in G Minor. Bacharach-David: What's New, Pussycat? (arr. Carlos). Lennon-McCartney: Eleanor Rigby. Wagner: Wedding March (Based on The Bridal Chorus from "Lohengrin") (arr. Carlos). Carlos: Pompous Circumstances (Variations and Fantasy on a Theme by Elgar).

NOTES: First released at a reduced price with "XM" (LP) "XMT" (cassette) and "XMA" (8 track) prefixes.

Early pressings included a 7" promotional record, "The Greatest Show on Record" (Columbia AS 159) with: Russian Dance from "Nutcracker Suite" and Eleanor Rigby (from BY REQUEST). Marche from "Anna Magdalena Notebook" (from SWITCHED-ON BACH II). Scarlatti: Sonata in G Major, L. 209 (from THE WELL-TEMPERED SYNTHESIZER). Rossini: William Tell Overture (from CLOCKWORK ORANGE). Carlos: selections from "Sonic Seasonings" (from SONIC SEASONINGS). Bach: Brandenburg Concerto No. 3 -- 1st Movement (abridged version for this 7" record) (from SWITCHED-ON BACH).

On the British version (CBS 73163) "Pompous Circumstances," a parody of Elgar's first Pomp and Circumstance March, was removed because of a protest from the Elgar estate and selections from THE WELL-TEMPERED SYNTHESIZER substituted in its place. Carlos wanted to put a sticker on the US version reading "Banned in Britain!" CBS refused. A "Banned in Britain!" logo does appear on the ESD CD. For the record, the selections from WTS that appeared on the UK BY REQUEST were: Monteverdi's Orfeo Suite and Domine ad Adjuvandum; Handel's Water Music Suite (Air and Allegro Deciso). (An aside: a year or so later, the estate of Gustav Holst forced RCA to withdraw Isao Tomita's version of Gustav Holst's The Planets in the UK, and a second synthesizer version of the same work, performed by Patrick Gleeson [with LP liner notes by "Walter" Carlos], reportedly met the same fate, although I have also seen remarks that the Holst estate was unsuccessful in forcing the withdrawals.)

A cassette and eight-track listing for BY REQUEST first appeared in the now long defunct Harrison Tape Guide in 1972, three years before its actual release. Note that the Columbia BY REQUEST has a lower catalog number than the Columbia SWITCHED-ON BACH II, as it was intended for release first but delayed (see below).

"What's New, Pussycat?" was released as a 45 rpm single (Columbia 4-45741), with The Dance of the Reed Pipes (also on the UK single, CBS 3590). The promotional single had the track on both sides, mono and stereo. I have seen an Italian 45 rpm single for auction on e-bay that has Eleanor Rigby as the B side.

"Dialogues" is not the original recording which first appeared on the Turnabout LP mentioned above, but is a new recording made for BY REQUEST.

The ESD version has a cover which is different from the LP's, showing a close up of patch cords plugged into a Moog with the composers' names superimposed on the plugs. The original CBS has a cartoon of "Walter" Carlos and the various composers represented on the disc (I have seen at least one cover on an e-bay auction, originating in Argentina, where Elgar's face was either obscured by the addition of a beard or replaced by someone else's face, so that release apparently has the alternate UK tracklist or the one mentioned below) fleeing from a deranged gorilla (all except poor Tchaikovsky, who was firmly in the gorilla's grasp). Carlos said that the original cover was "unavailable and a tasteless compromise we were not happy about." The original cover can be seen on the German web page
http://www.informatik.uni-hamburg.de/~schaetti/musiksynth/WCarlos.html

Some internet sources once gave a track list for BY REQUEST which does not include "Pompous Circumstances." This track list is: Eleanor Rigby. Minuet. What's New Pussycat. Three Dances from Nutcracker Suite. Episode for Piano & Electronic Sound. Brandenburg Concerto Number 2. Stay Tuned. Entrance Music. Wedding March from "A Midsummer Night's Dream" [sic]. Little Fugue in G. Geodesic Dance.

As it turns out, according to the ESD liner notes, there was an early proposed version which included "an edited collection of many short parodies of radio and television commercials I'd created before S-OB ... These were amusing learning pieces, filled with youthful sophomoric glee, and exploring the initial synthesizer configuration ... We called the track 'Stay Tuned' ... I've heard that some illegal copies were secretly made and taken from the CBS studios, to surface again in the 80's, but have never seen or heard any." It is a shame "Stay Tuned" was not released here as a bonus track! By the way, on the German web site mentioned above, it gives a slightly different version of the weird track list (here, the Wedding March is given correctly as being by Wagner) as well as a 17 second MP3 download of the "Minuet." It turns out to be an edit of the "Orange Minuet" from A CLOCKWORK ORANGE. Running the accompanying German text through a translator, it reads in English: "On this LP some early works and experiments are heard ... A remarkable fact is that on the LPs for the European market a parody (sic) of Elgar's 'Pomp and Circumstance' was missing and was replaced by 'Stay Tuned,' as this piece was censored in England!" So it appears that three different versions of the BY REQUEST LP were released throughout the world, one with music not available anywhere else!

Philip Ramey makes a bizarre mistake in his analysis of "Pompous Circumstances" included in the CD-ROM portion of the disc. He refers to the "Sousa march 'Hail to the Gladiators.'" It's actually "Entry of the Gladiators" and it was composed by the Czech composer Julius Fucík (1872-1916).

A "hidden" file of notes by Wendy Carlos on BY REQUEST, is on the CD-ROM portion (click the folder titled "wcsite" then click the sub-folder "BR" then click "EarlyVisions"). According to notes posted on the Carlos web site, the link on the disc was accidentally left off of the main menu due to a glitch. This may have been corrected in later pressings (if there were any).

** BACH: BRANDENBURG CONCERTOS NOS. 3, 4, and 5 (c. 1978)

LP: CBS 73395 (UK, Germany; perhaps other countries as well)

SELECTIONS: Brandenburg Concertos Nos. 3, 4, 5.

NOTES: A special compilation not released in the US, consisting of the Brandenburg Concertos which had been released at the time. The LP covers (the UK and German releases are slightly different) are variations on the cover art that appears on E. Power Biggs' LP THE BIGGS BACH BOOK (Columbia M 30539).
UK Cover: http://www.discogs.com/viewimages?release=1637290

** SWITCHED-ON BRANDENBURGS (1979, 2002)
http://www.wendycarlos.com/+sobrand.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switched-On_Brandenburgs

LP: CBS Masterworks M2X 35895 2 LPs
LP: CBS Mastersound HM 45950 (Vol. 1), HM 45951 (Vol. 2) (released 1981, 2 separate half-speed mastered LPs)
Cassette: CBS Masterworks MXT 35895 2 cassettes
Cassette: CBS Mastersound HMT 45951 (Vol. 2 only) (released 1981, chrome)
8-track: CBS Masterworks A11/12 7127 2 tapes (Columbia Record Club only)
Open Reel: CBS Masterworks R11/12 7127 2 tapes (Columbia Record Club only)
Compact disc: East Side Digital ESD 81632 2 discs (released 2002)

SELECTIONS: M2X 35895 Record/Tape 1, HM 45950: Brandenburg Concerto No. 1 in F Major, BWV 1046. Brandenburg Concerto No. 3 in G Major, BWV 1048. Brandenburg Concerto No. 4 in G Major, BWV 1049. M2X 35985 Record/Tape 2, HM 45951: Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 in D Major, BWV 1050. Brandenburg Concerto No. 2 in F Major, BWV 1047. Brandenburg Concerto No. 6 in B-Flat Major, BWV 1051. The ESD compact discs have the concertos in sequence: Disc 1 Nos. 1-3, Disc 2 Nos. 4-6.

NOTES: The original middle movement of the Third Brandenburg Concerto from SWITCHED-ON BACH was replaced with one newly recorded for this edition (both were improvisations by Carlos). The first movement of the Second Brandenburg Concerto was originally released on BY REQUEST, issued here with additional overdubs. The Fourth and Fifth Brandenburg Concertos, from THE WELL-TEMPERED SYNTHESIZER and SWITCHED-ON BACH II respectively, were unaltered.

If Volume 1 of the Mastersound version was released on cassette, I never saw it, and I never saw a listing for one in the CBS catalogs at that time.

See below for the CBS compact discs with contains additional material from SWITCHED-ON BACH II and BY REQUEST.

The first ESD version is in the SWITCHED-ON BOX SET with the First, Second, and Sixth Brandenburg Concertos only. Carlos describes the ESD cover as "a recreation of the original ... That provided an opportunity to improve on the better parts of the original, remaining completely true to its spirit, while at the same time fixing several things we hated about the old CBS version."

** THE SHINING (Original Soundtrack) (1980)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Shining_(film)

LP: Warner Bros. BS 3449
Cassette: Warner Bros. W5 3449

SELECTIONS: Carlos-Elkind: Main Title "The Shining." Carlos-Elkind: Rocky Mountains. [Remaining selections not composed or performed by Wendy Carlos: Ligeti: Lontano. Bartók: Music for Strings, Percussion and Celesta (excerpt). Penderecki: Utrenja. Penderecki: The Awakening of Jacob. Penderecki: De Natura Sonoris No. 2. Peter Van Steeden, Harry Clarkson, Jeff Clarkson: Home.]

NOTES: Some of the orchestral selections appear to be mastered from vinyl records (I can hear some snaps, crackles and pops occasionally on the cassette), which may explain why it was never released on CD, although according to the entry on wikipedia, "the soundtrack LP was taken off the market due to licensing issues and has never appeared as a legitimate compact disc release." An "unofficial" (i.e. bootleg) 2 CD set is listed by discogs, on the "Overlook Productions" label, with Carlos' music on CD 1 and the orchestral works on CD 2.
http://www.discogs.com/Wendy-Carlos-The-Shining-Complete-Motion-Picture-Score-By-Wendy-Carlos/release/1692534

Brendan Heading remarks, "I heard a rumor once that Carlos had composed in the order of 7 hours worth of music for the film -- please remember this is an unsubstantiated rumour." In December 1998, the following remarks by Carlos appeared on her web site:

"Most of the score has never been released, and was deleted from the film, alas. So to those of you who have heard or like the soundtrack, to quote Jolsen: "You ain't heard nothin' yet!" Most of the film was scored (as is Stanley's habit) using "needle drops" (generally, selections from available commercial recordings -- check them out, the film credits list them, as this is probably the music you may be responding to). We provided the title music, the dark music cue for the drive up the mountain while the Donner Party is discussed, and several textures used throughout the film -- that's all from our hours of score that Kubrick used. A long story.

"Those textures quite enhanced several other selections that they were mixed with (we made: heartbeats, throbs, thin tintinnabulations, that sort of thing), but were not much to hear by themselves. They were wisely not included on the LP.

"As for all the fine music that we wrote but was not used, some of it sits in a legal limbo, while other cues may make it into a forthcoming ESD Collection (of my film score music, including some of the score [to "Woundings," a British film.]) That means a good chunk of our Shining music (at least the more comprehensive cues) can eventually be released, that portion which we retain the rights to. But it will have to wait until the more straightforward CD releases are completed." [See REDISCOVERING LOST SCORES VOLUME 1 and REDISCOVERING LOST SCORES VOLUME 2, both released in 2005.]

THE SHINING has been released on DVD three times so far, and of this Carlos wrote in December 1999: "I ... saw her [Vivian Kubrick, Stanley's daughter] fine documentary on The Making of THE SHINING (as I last remember him), which was shown originally on the BBC, but is now to be found among the bonus tracks of the new [second version] DVD [as well as the newer two disc set and blu-ray release] ... including some music (based on Sibelius' 'Valse Triste') I assembled using the Circon, which was not included in the film, but ends Viv's documentary, including a clumsy crossfade as it ends, which jumps key most awkwardly -- yikes! (And among the sharp-ears out there who've asked, yes, that creepy music that appears under the trailer for THE SHINING is among the many selections Rachel and I composed for the film, but otherwise were never used. We called this piece 'Clockworks,' from the rhythmic figuration that propels those often frightening vocal sounds Rachel created, and I enhanced further. Pretty cool, huh?)" [In case you're curious, Vivian Kubrick played Dr. Floyd's infant daughter in the movie 2001: A SPACE ODYSSEY and, as "Abigail Mead," composed the original music for her father's film FULL METAL JACKET.] The 2 disc DVD version released in October 2007 (also available as a single Blu-Ray disc, with all the special features) contains a new seven minute documentary, "Wendy Carlos, Composer."

** TRON (Original Soundtrack) (1982, 2002)
http://www.wendycarlos.com/+tron.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tron_(soundtrack)

LP: CBS SM 37782
LP: Audio Fidelity AFZLP2 177, 2 LPs, 180 grams blue vinyl (released 2014)
Cassette: CBS SMT 37782
Compact disc: Disney 60748-7 (released 2002)

SELECTIONS: Creation of TRON. [Only Solutions]. We've Got Company. Wormhole. Ring Game and Escape. Water Music and TRONaction. TRON Scherzo. Miracle and Magician. Magic Landings. Theme from TRON. [1990's Theme]. Love Theme. Tower Music--Let Us Pray. The Light Sailer. Sea of Simulation. A New TRON and the MCP. Anthem. End Titles. BONUS TRACKS FOR THE DISNEY RELEASE: TRONaction (original version). Break In (for strings, flutes and celesta). Anthem For keyboard solo. [Selections in brackets are non-Carlos compositions performed by Journey]

NOTES: The London Philharmonic Orchestra was conducted by Douglas Gamley; the UCLA Chorus was directed by Donn Weiss. The movie also credits The Los Angeles Orchestra conducted by Richard Bowden, orchestrations by Jorge Calandrelli, Music and Sound Design Supervisor Michael Fremer.

The 2002 special edition DVD has deleted music restored in a supplemental section. The selections are "Light Cycles," not on the CD, which unfortunately is marred by dialog and sound effects, and an alternate "End Titles," which is on the CD. Carlos has written that the recording of "Light Cycles" was not up to the standard and thus was not included as a CD bonus track. "I retain ownership of that section, unused in the actual film, and reworked and expanded it into the opening Scherzo of the 'Io' movement from DIGITAL MOONSCAPES. You should listen to that track (#8) if you want to hear 'the definitive version' of this selection. Film composers often do the same thing with their better ideas that remain unused for various reasons." (The cue was later remastered and released on REDISCOVERING LOST SCORES, VOLUME 2.) The original credit "Soundtrack available on CBS Records and Tapes" remains at the end of the film. That, of course, is no longer the case.

Occasionally a "limited edition" CD, predating the Disney release, pops up on one of the auction web sites, but Carlos says these are bootlegs of dubious quality (dubbed from LPs or cassettes) and should be avoided. The 2002 Disney CD has already gone out of print, but used copies may be found on the internet. A Japanese import CD released by Avex Trax Japan may be available, UPC 4988064122806, but at a much higher cost. There may also be an import from England, EMI Soundtracks UPC 094637118122, at a more moderate cost.

A sequel, TRON LEGACY, was released in December 2010, but the music is by the electronic music duo Daft Punk, not Carlos.

I once received an e-mail that a 45 rpm single was released by CBS, with Journey's "Only Solutions" backed by one of Wendy's selections. Unfortunately, I suffered a computer crash shortly after receiving this, and before I could enter it into this discography, so I no longer have the name of the contributor or the title of the Carlos selection on this disc. A search on e-bay did reveal a Canadian promo 45, Columbia AE7 1530, with "Theme from TRON" on Side 2. Another search uncovered a single, Columbia 38-4004, with "Only Solutions" ("from The CBS Original Motion Picture Soundtrack Album 'TRON,' SM-37787") backed by another Journey title, not Carlos.

An article by Robert Moog, "The Soundtrack of TRON," originally appeared in the November 1982 Keyboard magazine, and can be found on the Wendy Carlos web site as a pdf file, http://www.wendycarlos.com/other/PDF-Files/KbdOnTRON*.pdf

The Audio Fidelity LP release does not include the bonus tracks from the Disney CD.

** THE BEST OF CARLOS (1983)

LP: CBS Masterworks 74110 (UK; perhaps in other countries as well)

SELECTIONS: Carlos-Elkind: Title Music from A Clockwork Orange. Rossini: La Gazza Ladra. Carlos-Elkind: Theme from A Clockwork Orange. Handel: Water Music (Bourrée, Air, Allegro Deciso). Scarlatti: Sonata in E, L 430. Scarlatti: Sonata in D, L 465. Lennon-McCartney: Eleanor Rigby. Bacharach-David: What's New Pussycat?. Bach: Jesu, Joy of Man's Desiring. Bach: Air on a G String. Bach: Brandenburg Concerto No. 3 in G Major (Allegro, Adagio, Allegro)

COMMENTS: A compilation that was not released in the US. The Third Brandenburg Concerto is the version from SWITCHED-ON BRANDENBURGS. Source: http://www.discogs.com/release/69277

** THE WENDY CARLOS SWITCHED-ON BACH ALBUM (1984)

Cassette: CBS Masterworks MGT 39013

SELECTIONS: Sinfonia to Cantata No. 29. Air on the G String. Two-Part Invention in F Major. Two-Part Invention in B-Flat Major. Two-Part Invention in D Minor. Jesu, Joy of Man's Desiring. Prelude and Fugue No. 7 in Flat Major from "The Well-Tempered Clavier, Book I." Prelude and Fugue No. 2 in C Minor from "The Well-Tempered Clavier, Book I." Chorale Prelude "Wachet Auf." Selections from Orchestral Suite No. 2 in B Minor, BWV 1067 (Badinerie, Minuett, Bourrée). Two-Part Invention in A Minor, BWV 784. Two-Part Invention in A Major, BWV 783. Aria "Sheep May Safely Graze" from Cantata No. 208. Suite from the Anna Magdalena Notebook. "Little" Fugue in G Minor. Brandenburg Concerto No. 1 (I-Allegro). Brandenburg Concerto No. 2 (I-Allegro, II. Allegro assai). Brandenburg Concerto No. 3 (III-Allegro). Brandenburg Concerto No. 4 (III-Presto). Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 (I-Allegro). Brandenburg Concerto No. 6 (III-Allegro).

NOTES: A cassette-only compilation in the CBS Classical 90s series of pieces from SWITCHED-ON BACH, SWITCHED-ON BACH II, BY REQUEST and SWITCHED-ON BRANDENBURGS.

** DIGITAL MOONSCAPES (1984)
http://www.wendycarlos.com/+dmci.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Moonscapes

LP: CBS Masterworks M 39340
Cassette: CBS Masterworks MT 39340
Compact disc: CBS Masterworks MK 39340
Compact disc: East Side Digital ESD 81542 (released 2000)

SELECTIONS: Cosmological Impressions (Genesis, Eden, I.C. [Intergalactic Communications]). Moonscapes (Luna, Phobos and Deimos, Ganymede, Europa, Io, Callisto, Rhea, Titan, Iapetus).

NOTES: The images of the various moons were not reprinted in CBS's CD booklet.

The opening of "Io" is a reworking of an unused cue from the movie TRON (see TRON above).

The ESD disc has different cover art as the original is owned by CBS (Carlos never cared for it, anyway). The new cover is closer to Carlos' own original concept. The original cover art can be found on Carlos' web site.

** BEAUTY IN THE BEAST (1986)
http://www.wendycarlos.com/+bitb.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beauty_In_the_Beast

LP: Audion SYN 200
Cassette: Audion SYNC 200
Compact disc: Audion SYNCD 200
Compact disc: East Side Digital ESD 81552 (released 2000)

SELECTIONS: Incantation. Beauty in the Beast. Poem For Bali. Just Imaginings. That's Just It. Yusae-Aisae. C'est Afrique. A Woman's Song.

NOTES: The Audion version is the rarest of the Carlos releases. The label went bankrupt soon after it was released, so this version disappeared quickly. Many copies of the original CD were reported to be defective, but I never had any problems with my copy. The ESD is superior in sound.

** SWITCHED-ON BRANDENBURGS VOL. 1 (1987) (see above for URLs)

Compact disc: CBS MK 42308

SELECTIONS: Brandenburg Concerto No. 1 in F Major, BWV 1046. Brandenburg Concerto No. 2 in F Major, BWV 1047. Brandenburg Concerto No. 3 in G Major, BWV 1048. Excerpts From Orchestral Suite No. 2 in B Minor, BWV 1067 (Badinerie, Minuett, Bourrée). Two-Part Invention No. 13 in A Minor, BWV 784. Two-Part Invention No. 12 In A Major, BWV 783. Aria "Sheep May Safely Graze" from Cantata No. 208.

NOTES: The first three concertos from the original LP plus selections from Side 1 of SWITCHED-ON BACH II as fillups. The cover has a silver tint.

** SWITCHED-ON BRANDENBURGS VOL. 2 (1987) (see above for URLs)

Compact disc: CBS MK 42309

SELECTIONS: Brandenburg Concerto No. 4 in G Major, BWV 1049. Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 in D Major, BWV 1050. Brandenburg Concerto No. 6 in B-Flat Major, BWV 1051. Suite From the Anna Magdalena Notebook (Musette in D Major, Anh 126. Minuet in G Major, Anh. 114. Bist de bei mir, BWV 508; Marche in D Major, Anh 122). "Little" Fugue in G Minor, BWV 578.

NOTES: The last three concertos from the original LP plus the selections from Side 1 of SWITCHED-ON BACH II that were not on SWITCHED-ON BRANDENBURGS VOL. 1 and the Fugue in G Minor from BY REQUEST as fillups. The cover has a gold tint.

** SECRETS OF SYNTHESIS (1987)
http://www.wendycarlos.com/+sos.html

LP: CBS FM 42333
Cassette: CBS FMT 42333
Compact disc: CBS MK 42333
Compact disc: East Side Digital ESD 81702 (released 2003)

SELECTIONS: Introduction. Examples of Analog Timbres. Choral Tone, Vibrato, Articulation. Vocal Synthesis. Performance Values. Simple Orchestration. Electronic Pointillism and Hocketing. For Spatial Motion. Ensemble Performance via Click-Tracks. Imitative Synthesis. Musique Concrete plus Synthesizer. Orchestra with Synthesizer. Digital Synthesis. Digital vs. Analog. Hybrid Timbres. Alternative Tunings -- the Future.

NOTES: A demonstration disc by Carlos, recorded to complete her contractual obligations with CBS Records.

Don't you believe ESD's early claim on their web site that theirs was the first CD release of SECRETS OF SYNTHESIS; as you can see above, it was released on CD by CBS, although the ESD is superior in sound.

** PETER AND THE WOLF (1988)
http://www.wendycarlos.com/+pwca2.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_and_the_Wolf_(%22Weird_Al%22_Yankovic_%26_Wendy_Carlos_album)

LP: CBS FM 44567
Cassette: CBS FMT 44567
Compact disc: CBS MK 44567

SELECTIONS: Peter and the Wolf (Prokofiev, arr. Carlos; Text by Al Yankovic) (Introduction, Peter and the Wolf). The Carnival of the Animals Part 2 (Carlos, after Saint-Saens; poems by Al Yankovic) (Introduction, Aardvark, Hummingbirds, Snails, Alligator, Amoeba, Pigeons, Shark, Cockroaches, Iguana, Vulture, Unicorn, Poodle, Finale).

NOTES: Both have narration by "Weird Al" Yankovic.

In an article in Goldmine Magazine number 514, "'Weird Al' Yankovic: Parodies and the Power of Satire" by Chuck Miller (on the internet at http://www.chuckthewriter.com/Yankovic.pdf) the following appears:

In 1988, Yankovic was offered the opportunity to record in a new format - a classical music album. CBS Masterworks wanted Yankovic to record a new version of Prokofiev's Peter and the Wolf. The original plans - Yankovic working with Michael Tilson-Thomas (sic; the name is not hyphenated) and a full symphony orchestra - fell through. But when somebody suggested Yankovic collaborate with the avant-garde synthesizer pioneer Wendy Carlos, the combination created a Grammy-nominated classical album ... "When CBS called to invite me to get involved with Al Yankovic and them in a gentle leg pulling satire of Peter And The Wolf," said Carlos, "I couldn't resist. For me the project was a chance for some musical fun and tomfoolery, working with a bright, witty collaborator, before getting back to more adventurous tuning and timbre projects." "Wendy Carlos was an amazing talent, a real thrill to work with her," said Yankovic. "Her musical ideas were astonishing. When the original collaborators fell through, and then they suggested Wendy Carlos, and I thought - that's perfect, we should have done that in the first place. Wendy's got such incredible ideas, she's such an amazing artist and musician, and we'd be able to go in a whole different kind of direction. And creatively, it was great because we decided that for the flip side of Peter and the Wolf, we'd do the [Camille Saint-Saëns/Ogden Nash] Carnival of the Animals with all new Ogden Nash-style poems and she would come up with completely new compositions based on those animals." [End excerpt from Goldmine magazine.]

A more recent article on Weird Al, which mentions Peter and the Wolf, is at
http://www.examiner.com/music-q-a-in-national/q-a-with-weird-al-yankovic-on-the-alpocalypse-tour
or an excerpt on Peter & the Wolf:
http://groups.google.com/group/alt.music.w-carlos/browse_thread/thread/fd2d619bd978d60d?hl=en#

Al's movie "UHF" has been released on DVD. On the commentary track, Al says he asked Carlos to score that movie but "things just didn't work out."

Al Yankovic was never a CBS-Sony artist. His records were originally released on the Rock 'n' Roll/Scotti Brothers label, distributed by CBS-Sony. Later, distribution passed to RCA-BMG, then to Warner Bros, and more recently to yet another record company. Now, they are owned by Volcano Records, currently distributed by Sony.

** SWITCHED-ON BACH 2000 (1992)
http://www.wendycarlos.com/+sob2k.html

Cassette: Telarc CS 30323
Compact disc: Telarc CD 80323
Compact disc: East Side Digital ESD 81732 (released 2004)

SELECTIONS: Happy Birthday S-OB. Sinfonia to Cantata No. 29. Air on the G String. Two-Part Invention in F Major. Two-Part Invention in B-Flat Major. Two-Part Invention in D Minor. Jesu, Joy of Man's Desiring. Prelude and Fugue No. 7 in Flat Major from "The Well-Tempered Clavier, Book I." Prelude and Fugue No. 2 in C Minor from "The Well-Tempered Clavier, Book I." Chorale Prelude "Wachet Auf." Brandenburg Concerto No. 3 in G Major. Toccata and Fugue in D Minor.

NOTES: Released one year early to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the original S-OB. All recordings were performed in Bach's authentic tunings: "smoother than equal temperament," says Carlos. Both the Telarc and the ESD versions are in Dolby Surround. Also, the ESD has a different cover, a variation on the original S-OB cover. (The original Telarc cover can be found on the Wendy Carlos web site as well as on the ESD disc in the enhanced files section.) On the back of the ESD release (but not in the booklet) the final selection is misspelled Toccato and Fugue in D Minor.

** TALES OF HEAVEN AND HELL (October 1998)
http://www.wendycarlos.com/+thh.html

Compact disc: East Side Digital 81352

SELECTIONS: Transitional. HeavenScent. Clockwork Black. City of Temptation. Memories. Afterlife. Seraphim.

NOTES: Carlos's most recent material, now over a sesquidecade old. Clockwork Black (original title was Clockwork Black Mass) is a homage to the Clockwork Orange film score.

** SWITCHED-ON BOX SET (October 1999)
http://www.wendycarlos.com/+sobox.html

Compact Disc: East Side Digital ESD 81422 4 CDs

CONTENTS: Disc 1 SWITCHED-ON BACH: Sinfonia to Cantata No. 29. Air on the G String. Two-Part Invention in F Major. Two-Part Invention in B-Flat Major. Two-Part Invention in D Minor. Jesu, Joy of Man's Desiring. Prelude and Fugue No. 7 in Flat Major from "The Well-Tempered Clavier, Book I." Prelude and Fugue No. 2 in C Minor from "The Well-Tempered Clavier, Book I." Chorale Prelude "Wachet Auf." Brandenburg Concerto No. 3 in G Major. Brandenburg Concerto No. 3 Adagio (1979 version. Initial Experiments (previously unreleased). Disc 2 THE WELL-TEMPERED SYNTHESIZER: Monteverdi: Orfeo Suite (Toccata, Ritornello I, Choro I, Ritonello II. Choro II, Ritornello II). Scarlatti: Sonata in G Major, L 209/K 455. Scarlatti: Sonata in D Major, L 164/K 491. Handel: Water Music (Bourrée, Air, Allegro Deciso). Scarlatti: Sonata in E Major, L 430/K 531. Scarlatti: Sonata in D Major, L 465/K 96. Bach: Brandenburg Concerto No. 4 in G Major. Monteverdi: Domine ad Adjuvandum from 1610 Vespers. Stereo Alignment Tones. Well-Tempered Experiments (previously unreleased). Disc 3 SWITCHED-ON BACH II: Excerpts From Orchestral Suite No. 2 in B Minor, BWV 1067 (Badinerie, Minuett, Bourrée). Two-Part Invention No. 13 in A Minor, BWV 784. Two-Part Invention No. 12 In A Major, BWV 783. Aria "Sheep May Safely Graze" from Cantata No. 208. Suite From the Anna Magdalena Notebook (Musette in D Major, Anh 126. Minuet in G Major, Anh. 114. Bist de bei mir, BWV 508. Marche in D Major, Anh 122). Little Fugue in G Minor (from BY REQUEST). Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 in D Major, BWV 1050. Disc 4 SWITCHED-ON BRANDENBURGS: Brandenburg Concerto No. 1 in F Major, BWV 1046. Brandenburg Concerto No. 2 in F Major, BWV 1047. Brandenburg Concerto No. 6 in B-Flat Major, BWV 1051.

NOTES: The topics in Book 1 are: "Bob Moog Comments," "Looking Back on the Synthesizer Bach," Evolution of a Recording Studio," "Inside the Moog Synthesizer," "Our Special-Purpose Notation," "A Tale of Three Logos," "Produced by Rachel Elkind" and "Bio Notes on Wendy Carlos." Book 2 contains the liner notes from the original Columbia/CBS releases.

** BOXED SET HIGHLIGHTS: MUSIC THAT CHANGED THE WORLD (1999)

Compact disc: East Side Digital ESD 81422 (promo version; never sold in stores)

SELECTIONS: Stereo Alignment Tones. Bach: Sinfonia to Cantata No. 29. Bach: Air on a G String. Bach: Two-Part Invention in F Major. Bach: Jesu, Joy of Man's Desiring. Bach: Brandenburg Concerto No. 3 In G Major (III-Allegro) (5:05). Monteverdi: Orfeo Suite (Toccata, Ritornello I, Choro II, Ritornello II, Choro II. Ritornello II). Scarlatti: Sonata in G Major, L 209/K 455. Handel: Water Music (Allegro Deciso). Scarlatti: Sonata in E Major, L 430/K 531. Bach: Brandenburg Concerto No. 4 in G Major (III-Presto). Monteverdi: Domine Ad Adjuvandum (From 1610 Vespers). Bach: Selections from Suite No. 2 in B Minor (Badinerie). Bach: Sheep May Safely Graze from Cantata No. 208. Bach: Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 in D Major (I-Allegro). Bach: Brandenburg Concerto No. 1 in F Major (II-Adagio). Bach: Brandenburg Concerto No. 2 in F Major (III-Allegro Assai). Bach: Brandenburg Concerto No. 6 in B-Flat Major (III-Allegro).

NOTES: A promotional CD, not for general sale. Source: Library of Congress web site.

** REDISCOVERING LOST SCORES VOLUME 1 (May 2005)
http://www.wendycarlos.com/+rls1.html

Compact disc: East Side Digital ESD 81752

SELECTIONS: From THE SHINING (Colorado, The Rocky Mountains, Chase Music, Nocturnal Valse Triste, Greetings Ghosties, Horror Show, A Haunted Waltz, Psychic Shout #237, Danny, Heartbeats and Worry, Subliminal Ballroom, Thought Clusters, A Ghost Piano, Visitors, Dark Winds and Rustles, Bumps in the Night, Setting with Medea, Two Polymoog Improvisations, Fanfare and Drunken "Dies", Clockworks (Bloody Elevators), Danny Bells Ascending, Postlude). From A CLOCKWORK ORANGE (Stately Purcell, Pop Purcell, Trumpet Voluntary). From several UNICEF Films (The Children of Peru, Shanty Town and Farewell, Daycare and the Colonel, Two Distant Walks, Ethiopian Life, Tanzanian Scenes, Three Hopeful Places).

NOTES: Contains recordings made between 1971-1979. See Carlos' web site for more details. See also above under THE SHINING. This is not an enhanced disc. Some timings given in the booklet do not correspond with the actual times (for example, The Rocky Mountains has a published time of 1:14 but it's closer to 1:41)

** REDISCOVERING LOST SCORES VOLUME 2 (June 2005)
http://www.wendycarlos.com/+rls2.html

Compact disc: East Side Digital ESD 81762

SELECTIONS: From THE SHINING (Orchestra & studio music) (Shining Title Music, Paraphrase for 'Cello, Where's Jack? The Overlook, Psychic Scream, Day of Wrath, Paraphrase for Brass, Title Music "Dies", Clockworks "Dies"). From TRON (Creation of Tron, version 1, Creation of Tron, version 2, Lightcycle Games, Anthem for Keyboard, Little Interludes, Trinitron). From SPLIT SECOND (Visit to a Morgue, Return to the Morgue). From WOUNDINGS (Woundings Title Music, Angela's Walk, Jimmy, Louise, Doug Does Angela, Scattering Ashes, Angela's Aftermath, Jimmy Kills Louise, In a Cemetery, Fly Away and End). TWO DOLBY DEMOS (Jiffy Test-Dee Dee Bel Mir, Listen-Tannhäuser).

NOTES: Contains recordings made during and after 1980. See Carlos' web site for more details. This is not an enhanced disc.

MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS

There's also Bach's Greatest Hits and other similar collections which contains bits of various Carlos items with other material (all from CBS/Sony, all out of print), plus one or two S-OB 2000 selections on various Telarc samplers.

Brendan Heading points out that there was a "...'R. A. Moog Demo Record,' narrated by Ed Stokes, for which Carlos contributed Moog demonstrations sounds and a short piece of original music." Chesney Christ says that this is available from various places on the internet, including the Moog Archives http://www.moogarchives.com/demo67.mp3 [1.3 MB mp3 file; 9 minutes running time] or go to http://www.moogarchives.com and click "Documents and Ads," then click "Promo Records," then click "1967." "1971" is a second promo disc, credited to Chris Swansen, Musical Director and narrated by Jim Johnson, but the contents are not posted so it cannot be downloaded or listened to.

Gwen Smith points out an Audion sampler, THE BEST OF BOTH WORLDS (catalog number 108, at least on cassette), which contained "A Woman's Song" from BEAUTY IN THE BEAST.

The book "Glenn Gould: Music and Mind" by Geoffrey Payzant (original version published by Van Nostrand Reinhold Ltd., Toronto in 1978; revised several times since then) lists in the Gould discography a CBC documentary "Glenn Gould on the Moog Synthesizer" recorded in 1968, and once available on reel and cassette (catalog number CBC Learning Systems No. 326L). According to the notes on Chapter 2, Carlos appears as a guest on this program. Gould was also one of the first, if not the first, to review SWITCHED-ON BACH, calling it "the record of the decade." Portions of this review appears in the booklet for the SWITCHED-ON BOX set and THE WELL-TEMPERED SYNTHESIZER CD booklet, and in its entirety in "The Glenn Gould Reader," edited by Tim Page (Alfred Knopf, 1984).

A BBC special, "Synthesizers in the Movies," has been posted on YouTube,
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hv8srOIRtdA
The segment on [Walter] Carlos begins at 13:58.

MAJOR SOURCES:

http://www.wendycarlos.com [Carlos' web site]
http://www.e-s-d.com [East Side Digital]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wendy_Carlos
http://www.discogs.com
"The Label: The Story of Columbia Records" by Gary Marmorstein (Thunder's Mouth Press, 2007)
The booklets for the various ESD reissues, and others mentioned in the above text.

Wendy Carlos' discography pages:
http://www.wendycarlos.com/discs.html
http://www.wendycarlos.com/discnotes.html

Thanks also to Brendan Heading, Gwen Smith and Chesney Christ for information.

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