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How much water in a copper tube?

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Harry Everhart

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Mar 15, 2005, 1:05:04 PM3/15/05
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I am putting a tankless gas water heater in my home. All of the copper
is in the concrete slab so I am going to run an insulated copper tube
"up and over" to the kitchen. The water heater will be a foot from the
two bathrooms and showers. the "up and over" tube will feed the kitchen
sink and dish water - nothing else.

How much water is in a 100 foot by 1/2 inch copper tube?
How much water is in a 100 foot by 3/4 inch copper tube?
How much water is in a 100 foot by 1/4 inch copper tube?

I am too lazy to look it up - I am wondering if any of you experts on
here have the info off-hand. I am thinking of putting thinning tubing to
the kitchen because less water would be in it to cool down etc.

Right now I am running two 50 gallon electric water heaters in a house
for two adults - I am wasting alot of energy keeping all that water hot
- and the tanks are far away from where the hot water is needed anyway
running thru a cold concrete slab.

Harry

G Henslee

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Mar 15, 2005, 1:16:34 PM3/15/05
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Harry Everhart wrote:

>
> How much water is in a 100 foot by 1/2 inch copper tube?
> How much water is in a 100 foot by 3/4 inch copper tube?
> How much water is in a 100 foot by 1/4 inch copper tube?
>
> I am too lazy to look it up - I am wondering if any of you experts on
> here have the info off-hand.

I found a formula for the different sizes on google.

RICARDO AQUINO

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Mar 15, 2005, 1:27:28 PM3/15/05
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"Harry Everhart" <ha...@everhart.com> wrote in message
news:harry-331AFE....@comcast.dca.giganews.com...

ID x ID x .7854 x length = volume

[231 cubic inches = 1 gallon = 128 ounces]

Rich
http://www.garage-door-hardware.com


William W. Plummer

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Mar 15, 2005, 1:33:59 PM3/15/05
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I made up a little spread sheet. It assumes 1/32" wall on the pipe.

OD ID Area cu-in cu-ft cu-ft
per ft per ft per 100 ft
0.500 0.469 0.173 2.071 0.001 0.120
0.750 0.719 0.406 4.869 0.003 0.282
0.250 0.219 0.038 0.451 0.000 0.026

I had to replace the copper pipes in my slab. I ran the new ones in a
channel chiseled in the slab to get passed doors. For the heating
system, I used 3/4" thick-wall copper pipe and wrapped it in duct tape
to prevent future corrosion. The fresh water runs are 3/4" to laundry
and kitchen, and 1/2" for the rest. The run to one bathroom is
approximately 75 feet. It takes about 30 seconds to start getting the
hot water at the end.

Wayne Whitney

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Mar 15, 2005, 2:03:04 PM3/15/05
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On 2005-03-15, William W. Plummer <William...@alum.mit.edu> wrote:

> I made up a little spread sheet. It assumes 1/32" wall on the pipe.

Pipe is measured by ID, not OD. Tubing is measured by OD.

Wayne

Harry Everhart

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Mar 15, 2005, 2:45:33 PM3/15/05
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> > How much water is in a 100 foot by 1/2 inch copper tube?
> > How much water is in a 100 foot by 3/4 inch copper tube?
> > How much water is in a 100 foot by 1/4 inch copper tube?
> OD ID Area cu-in cu-ft cu-ft
> per ft per ft per 100 ft
> 0.500 0.469 0.173 2.071 0.001 0.120
> 0.750 0.719 0.406 4.869 0.003 0.282
> 0.250 0.219 0.038 0.451 0.000 0.026

Dear William -
Thanks for the chart. I appreciate all the work.
Does that mean 100 feet of 3/4 inch holds .282 gallons?
1/2 inch holds .120 gallons? 1/4 inch holds .026 gallons?
I expected 100 feet of pipe to hold so much more.
Harry

@www.workathomeplans.com The Real Tom

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Mar 15, 2005, 3:05:27 PM3/15/05
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On Tue, 15 Mar 2005 13:05:04 -0500, Harry Everhart
<ha...@everhart.com> wrote:

>How much water is in a 100 foot by 1/2 inch copper tube?

(ID/2) x 3.1416 x (pipe length)


Just guessing.....

tom

@www.workathomeplans.com The Real Tom

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Mar 15, 2005, 3:07:20 PM3/15/05
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On Tue, 15 Mar 2005 13:05:04 -0500, Harry Everhart
<ha...@everhart.com> wrote:

>How much water is in a 100 foot by 1/2 inch copper tube?

(ID/2)^2 x 3.1416 x (pipe length)


Sorry to square the radius.

So should be radius squared times pi times length of straight tube.


hth,


tom

Edwin Pawlowski

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Mar 15, 2005, 3:07:55 PM3/15/05
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"Harry Everhart" <ha...@everhart.com> wrote in message
>
> I am too lazy to look it up - I am wondering if any of you experts on
> here have the info off-hand.

Yes, we do.


William W. Plummer

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Mar 15, 2005, 3:12:20 PM3/15/05
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Harry Everhart wrote:

No. That's CUBIC FEET.
Gallons per 100 ft are: 0.9, 2.1, 0.2

G Henslee

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Mar 15, 2005, 3:31:53 PM3/15/05
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LOL. I was somewhat surprised to see Harry get all of the help he did
get, after that remark. Now. Who's he going to get to do the work? ;o)

... This is a good group of people.

Doug Miller

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Mar 15, 2005, 3:40:22 PM3/15/05
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>Just guessing.....

Not a good guess. The formula is A = pi * radius SQUARED,
not pi * radius / 2.

--
Regards,
Doug Miller (alphageek at milmac dot com)

Nobody ever left footprints in the sands of time by sitting on his butt.
And who wants to leave buttprints in the sands of time?

Harry Everhart

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Mar 15, 2005, 4:08:40 PM3/15/05
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G Henslee <gh...@cableone.net> wrote:
> >>I am too lazy to look it up - I am wondering if any of you experts on
> >>here have the info off-hand.
> LOL. I was somewhat surprised to see Harry get all of the help he did
> get, after that remark. Now. Who's he going to get to do the work? ;o)
> ... This is a good group of people.

People can sense honestly. :-)

I really like this group - no one ripped me - and I got great answers.
Now I must decide whether I want to run 100 feet of 1/4 inch - 1/2 inch
- 3/4 inch to a kitchen sink and dishwasher 100 feet away from the
tankless water heater. The tube will be overhead and insulated.

Opinions on that?

Harry

Message has been deleted
Message has been deleted

xrongor

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Mar 15, 2005, 5:31:00 PM3/15/05
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this thread is sad.... thank the american public education system.

randy


Bob Pietrangelo

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Mar 15, 2005, 5:32:14 PM3/15/05
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Refigeration tubing is ID, Plumbing pipe is sized by OD.

--
Bob Pietrangelo
bo...@comcast.net
b...@comfort-solution.biz
www.comfort-solution.biz
On Time or Your Service Call is FREE
Preventive Maintenance Specialist


"Wayne Whitney" <whi...@math.berkeley.edu> wrote in message
news:slrnd3eccg....@pizza.private...

Goedjn

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Mar 15, 2005, 5:25:38 PM3/15/05
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>
>I really like this group - no one ripped me - and I got great answers.
>Now I must decide whether I want to run 100 feet of 1/4 inch - 1/2 inch
>- 3/4 inch to a kitchen sink and dishwasher 100 feet away from the
>tankless water heater. The tube will be overhead and insulated.
>
>Opinions on that?

1/2". 1/4" is too small, and anything bigger is un-necessary.
How much output can the heater keep up with, anyway?


Harry Everhart

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Mar 15, 2005, 6:14:15 PM3/15/05
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Goedjn <pr...@mail.uri.edu> wrote:
> 1/2". 1/4" is too small, and anything bigger is un-necessary.
> How much output can the heater keep up with, anyway?
8 gallons per minute of 150 degree hot water. It will sit on the outside
wall of my bathrooms. Since it is outside - no stack is necessary. Just
water in - water out - 110 volt to run the computer and igniter. When no
water is being drawn - no fuel is being spent.
Harry

Harry Everhart

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Mar 15, 2005, 6:16:16 PM3/15/05
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"Burnt Eddy" <burn...@yahoo.com> wrote:
> Like you, I am to lazy to look it up, but 1/4" will not provide much volume
> of water. Use 1/2" or 3/4" so you dont have to wait 1/2 hour to fill your
> sink. And since you are going overhead you can insulate the pipe at the same
> time. You may experience water hammer with the 1/4" also.
Good point Eddy. I think I will just buy a coil of 1/2 inch flexible
copper and run that from the tankless water heater to the kitchen sink.
The dishwasher gets its water from the kitchen faucet tap.
Harry

SN

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Mar 15, 2005, 6:52:06 PM3/15/05
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Bob Pietrangelo wrote:
> Refigeration tubing is ID, Plumbing pipe is sized by OD.
>
Bob,
Check your references. You have it backwards. Refrigeration tubing (ACR)
is sized by the actual OD. Plumbing & heating tubing is sized by the
nominal I.D. Therefore 1/2" plumbing tubing has an actual OD of 5/8". I
just checked my textbooks to verify this so as not to give dis-information.

Source: Refrigeration & Air Conditioning Technology, 3rd Edition, 1995,
page 99.

Doug Miller

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Mar 15, 2005, 7:06:04 PM3/15/05
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In article <1110923181.3...@g14g2000cwa.googlegroups.com>, fredf...@spamcop.net wrote:

>Pipe of the same nominal size is the same OD regardless of schedule,

but not the same regardless of material. E.g. nominal 3/4" steel, copper, PVC,
and CPVC pipe are different sizes.

Terry

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Mar 15, 2005, 7:01:45 PM3/15/05
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"Doug Miller" <spam...@milmac.com> wrote in message news:WKHZd.10109
Regarding;

>>>How much water is in a 100 foot by 1/2 inch copper tube?
>>
>>(ID/2) x 3.1416 x (pipe length)
>
> Not a good guess. The formula is A = pi * radius SQUARED,
> not pi * radius / 2.
>
I agree with Doug: i.e. pi times, the radius raised to the power 2 (squared)
So;
Inside diameter divided by two = Radius of X.Section.
In this case one half divided by 2 = one quarter.
Area of X.Section = Radius squared, multiplied by pi.
This is one quarter times one quarter times pi = 1/16 x 3.142 = 0.196
Length of 100 feet = 100 x 12 inches.
Thus (1/4 x 1/4 x 3.142 x 1200) = 236 cubic inches.
Multiply that 236 by 0.004 to get gallons = 0.9 gallons approx. (Not sure if
that's US or Imperial gallons but "A bit less than a gallon" is close
enough).
Anybody else agree?
BTW those 236 cubic inches will weigh approx 8.5 pounds.
Those 8.5 pounds will require 8.5 BTUs for every degree Fahrenheit change of
temperature. So if that 8.5 lbs comes out of the tank at temperature of,
say, 160 degrees, sits in the pipe and cools down, to say 60 degrees it will
lose 100 x 8.5 = 850 BTUs of heat. If electrically heated that's equivalent
to about one quarter of a kilowatt hour (unit) of electricity. If your
electricity costs 10 cents per kilowatt hour that's a waste (sort of) of 2
to 3 cents. Of course that heat, slight though it is, could end up helping
to heat the house!
BTW There is a very good site at < www.tedmongomery.com/convrsns/ > for
those NOT too lazy to look it up!
PS. In school we remembered circular area by "Two are(a) squared pies".
i.e. Pies were normally round; not square. Even if we were!


Harry Everhart

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Mar 15, 2005, 7:28:44 PM3/15/05
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SN <snew...@cox.net>
wrote:

> Check your references. You have it backwards. Refrigeration tubing (ACR)
> is sized by the actual OD. Plumbing & heating tubing is sized by the
> nominal I.D. Therefore 1/2" plumbing tubing has an actual OD of 5/8". I
> just checked my textbooks to verify this so as not to give dis-information.

Hi -
No need to argue. I just wanted to find out how much water was in a 1/2
inch by 100 foot copper tubing. Just a ball park amount. I was surprised
at just how little an amount of water it is. I am not worrying about
wasting water - I am trying to cut down the time it takes for hot water
to get to my showers. I am surprised it hold less than a gallon of
water. If I insulated that 100 feet of copper tubing - the water in it
will not cool off so quickly. Presently it is running through a 3/4
copper tube that is buried in the concrete slab. It is a double whammy -
since it is in concrete and not insulated - you lose heat thru the heat
sink - and since it is 3/4 copper the tube holds much more water.
Harry

blueman

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Mar 15, 2005, 7:34:20 PM3/15/05
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spam...@milmac.com (Doug Miller) writes:
> In article <vtfe31tl9esg7tk0u...@4ax.com>, The Real Tom <Tom @ www.WorkAtHomePlans.com> wrote:
> >On Tue, 15 Mar 2005 13:05:04 -0500, Harry Everhart
> ><ha...@everhart.com> wrote:
> >
> >>How much water is in a 100 foot by 1/2 inch copper tube?
> >
> >(ID/2) x 3.1416 x (pipe length)
>
> >Just guessing.....
>
> Not a good guess. The formula is A = pi * radius SQUARED,
> not pi * radius / 2.

Not to nitpick, but the OP had suggested pi*radius (i.e., ID/2), not
pi*radius/2.

So in terms of ID,
the formula is: pi*(ID/2)*(ID/2) where pi=3.14159....

Bob Pietrangelo

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Mar 15, 2005, 9:08:24 PM3/15/05
to
Let me write this down first you are probably right and I worked a hard day
today.

7/8 Refrigeration equals.........3/4 Plumbing

I just bought a few hundred refrigeration fittings today too!

My bad, thanks for the correction. My brain is right my hands are stupid
today

--
Bob Pietrangelo
bo...@comcast.net
b...@comfort-solution.biz
www.comfort-solution.biz
On Time or Your Service Call is FREE
Preventive Maintenance Specialist


"SN" <snew...@cox.net> wrote in message
news:EyKZd.37720$Im.33556@okepread01...

fredf...@spamcop.net

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Mar 15, 2005, 10:20:15 PM3/15/05
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Doug Miller wrote:
> In article <1110923181.3...@g14g2000cwa.googlegroups.com>,
fredf...@spamcop.net wrote:
>
> >Pipe of the same nominal size is the same OD regardless of schedule,
>
> but not the same regardless of material.
> E.g. nominal 3/4" steel, copper, PVC,
> and CPVC pipe are different sizes.
>

3/4" schedule 40 steel pipe has an OD Of 1.050" and a
wall thickness of 0.113" for an ID of 0.774".

See:

http://www.interpipe.com/Pipe_Dimensions_and_Weights.htm
http://www.gkctcc.com/pipe_dimensions.htm
or
http://www.inter-mountain.com/line_pipe.htm

(all good sources)

3/4" schedule 40 PVC pipe has an OD Of 1.050" and a
wall thickness of 0.113" for an ID of 0.774".

http://www.pvcplus.com/PVC%20schedule_40_&_80_pipe.htm

Looks the same to me.

I didn't check on other materials but it appears that
ASTM D-1785 codifies the dimensions. That'd be the place
to see if the standards vary by material.

--

FF

Doug Miller

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Mar 16, 2005, 7:40:04 AM3/16/05
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In article <1110943215.6...@o13g2000cwo.googlegroups.com>, fredf...@spamcop.net wrote:
>
>Doug Miller wrote:
>> In article <1110923181.3...@g14g2000cwa.googlegroups.com>,
>fredf...@spamcop.net wrote:
>>
>> >Pipe of the same nominal size is the same OD regardless of schedule,
>>
>> but not the same regardless of material.
>> E.g. nominal 3/4" steel, copper, PVC,
>> and CPVC pipe are different sizes.
>>
>
>3/4" schedule 40 steel pipe has an OD Of 1.050" and a
>wall thickness of 0.113" for an ID of 0.774".
[snip]

>
>3/4" schedule 40 PVC pipe has an OD Of 1.050" and a
>wall thickness of 0.113" for an ID of 0.774".

Quick measurements of actual pipes in my basement shows the following ODs for
nominal 3/4 pipe:
galvanized steel 1.060
sch 40 PVC 1.055
black steel 1.030
sch 40 CPVC 0.885
copper 0.875

William W. Plummer

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Mar 16, 2005, 9:45:38 AM3/16/05
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The table I published above used the formula =PI()*(B2/2)^2 in the
Excel spreadsheet. The B column holds the Inside Diameter. Excel
supplies the right value for pi.

bill a

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Mar 16, 2005, 3:20:23 PM3/16/05
to

> Wayne Whitney wrote:
> That is a common misconception Try taking a ruler to 1/2"
> nominal Schedule 40 pipe sometime.
So what's your point? 1/2" sched 40 is .680" OD.
I think you are confusing mechanical tubing with sched 40 pipe.

bill a

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Mar 16, 2005, 3:25:10 PM3/16/05
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it was really more about laziness than education.
the american way ??
:)
bill
"xrongor" <ha...@smackeycrackey.com> wrote in message
news:d17nlo$403d$1...@news3.infoave.net...

fredf...@spamcop.net

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Mar 16, 2005, 4:11:25 PM3/16/05
to

bill a wrote:
> > Wayne Whitney wrote:
[that pipe is measured by ID, FF]

> > That is a common misconception Try taking a ruler to 1/2"
> > nominal Schedule 40 pipe sometime.
> So what's your point? 1/2" sched 40 is .680" OD.

My point is stated in the article. I'll repeat it now. Pipe is
not measured by ID. It is measured by OD and wall thickness.

> I think you are confusing mechanical tubing with sched 40 pipe.

No, I am not.

--

FF

fredf...@spamcop.net

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Mar 16, 2005, 4:17:22 PM3/16/05
to

I'll bet the copper 'pipe' is actually 7/8" rigid copper tubing.
Perhaps the same is true for the CPVC. Are they labeled ASTM D-1785
3/4" schedule 40?

--

FF

xrongor

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Mar 16, 2005, 6:20:48 PM3/16/05
to
laziness?

it looks more about wrongness, cant solve it without excellness, argue over
1/1000 of an inch of pipe inner diameter and avoid the question
entirelyness, and just plain silliness.

personally, if i didnt want to do the SIMPLE math, i would have filled 6" of
pipe with water, stuck my finger over one end, and drained it into a
measuring cup. as for what to do once you have this measurement, ill leave
as a question for all to ponder....

randy

@www.workathomeplans.com The Real Tom

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Mar 17, 2005, 8:41:01 AM3/17/05
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On Tue, 15 Mar 2005 20:40:22 GMT, spam...@milmac.com (Doug Miller)
wrote:

>In article <vtfe31tl9esg7tk0u...@4ax.com>, The Real Tom <Tom @ www.WorkAtHomePlans.com> wrote:
>>On Tue, 15 Mar 2005 13:05:04 -0500, Harry Everhart
>><ha...@everhart.com> wrote:
>>
>>>How much water is in a 100 foot by 1/2 inch copper tube?
>>
>>(ID/2) x 3.1416 x (pipe length)
>
>>Just guessing.....
>
>Not a good guess. The formula is A = pi * radius SQUARED,
>not pi * radius / 2.


Caught it after I posted it, that's why I reposted it.

Thought the second post would 'over-write' the first. Hmmmmmm......

later,

tom

@www.workathomeplans.com The Real Tom

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Mar 17, 2005, 8:45:33 AM3/17/05
to


hey! don't knock the american public school system. If our schools
were any good, it would be differcult for people to standout and
succeed, since eveyone would be too smart. By pumping out dummies, if
a person can learn how to work, there isn't much competition to
standout and become a leader of your own group of idiots.

That's why some of the smartest/most sucessful people in america are
college dropouts (Gates, Dell, etc). Plus it seems common place for
non-american educated people to become power sucessful people like the
Governor of California!

So, let the school systems pump out boobs. I teach my kid to count to
ten without his fingers, he'll be CEO material in no time.

:-p

tom

bill a

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Mar 17, 2005, 9:02:05 AM3/17/05
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you are dead wrong, dude.

<fredf...@spamcop.net> wrote in message
news:1111007485.7...@g14g2000cwa.googlegroups.com...

bill a

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Mar 17, 2005, 9:04:49 AM3/17/05
to
so true...


"The Real Tom" <Tom @ www.WorkAtHomePlans.com> wrote in message
news:i82j31hf3g29fcrk8...@4ax.com...

Harry Everhart

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Mar 17, 2005, 11:52:30 AM3/17/05
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The Real Tom <Tom @ www.WorkAtHomePlans.com> wrote:
> hey! don't knock the american public school system. If our schools
> were any good, it would be differcult for people to standout and
> succeed, since eveyone would be too smart. By pumping out dummies,

Hi Tom -
If you believe that education creates better people - and you believe
that America is the best country in the world to live in - then you must
therefore believe that our education system made our country better.
My view point - I was a public school teacher for 33 years in the
backwoods of PA. I have seen many great teachers there come and go. I
feel our students do very well for themselves. Our system is not perfect
and we are constantly trying to improve it. If you would spend a few
years in our system - you would come out with nothing but admiration.
Lots of people try to be teachers - and leave after a couple years
burned out.
I am no idea what you do for a living - but I am sure it is not as easy
a target as public schools - everyone that goes through a school as a
student thinks they are an expert on education. :-)
Harry

fredf...@spamcop.net

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Mar 17, 2005, 12:29:15 PM3/17/05
to

Dear Mr Troll:

The OD for 3/4" schedule 10 pipe is 1.050".
The OD for 3/4" schedule 40 pipe is 1.050".
The OD for 3/4" schedule 80 pipe is 1.050".

The ID's are different for each.

--

FF

@www.workathomeplans.com The Real Tom

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Mar 17, 2005, 2:44:45 PM3/17/05
to


I love our public school system!

Because it teaches children that school is a 100% education, I only
have to compete with foreigners for my computer consulting positions.
Only they are willing to self-learn nonschool taught programming
languages, and since I can speak/read/write english(bad at times) and
they don't, I get to name my own price.

Go America!

tom

moder...@worldnet.att.net

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Mar 18, 2005, 11:19:17 AM3/18/05
to
fredf...@spamcop.net wrote:

> The OD for 3/4" schedule 10 pipe is 1.050".
> The OD for 3/4" schedule 40 pipe is 1.050".
> The OD for 3/4" schedule 80 pipe is 1.050".
>
> The ID's are different for each.

Why did you not say that the OD for *1.050* schedule 10 (or 40 or 80)
pipe is 1.050" ? Because to most of the plumbing world (and yourself),
it's known as 3/4" nominal ID pipe, not 1.050 OD. Are we arguing over
how a pipe is "measured" or "sized" vs. how it is "named" or "called"?
How are we to reconcile that 3/4" pipe is named for its nominal ID, yet
it is hardly ever called 1.050" pipe, unless it is called by something
for which it is "measured"?

Because the ID was the most important characteristic in terms of
determining the pipe's resistance to flow, water pipe was named for its
ID. The 3/4" pipe size was thus established by some 'primordial 3/4" ID
pipe' whose OD turned out to be 1.050". When they made pipe with other
wall thickneses, for the sake of compatibility with existing fittings
(and dies) which thread onto the OD, they varied the ID slightly to be
able to keep the OD constant. Nevertheless, they persisted in calling
it by its nominal ID.

However, some types of tubing were always named for their OD, thereby
avoiding this whole mess.

%mod%

fredf...@spamcop.net

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Mar 18, 2005, 1:34:30 PM3/18/05
to

moder...@worldnet.att.net wrote:
> fredf...@spamcop.net wrote:
>
> > The OD for 3/4" schedule 10 pipe is 1.050".
> > The OD for 3/4" schedule 40 pipe is 1.050".
> > The OD for 3/4" schedule 80 pipe is 1.050".
> >
> > The ID's are different for each.
>
> Why did you not say that the OD for *1.050* schedule 10 (or 40 or 80)
> pipe is 1.050" ? Because to most of the plumbing world (and
yourself),
> it's known as 3/4" nominal ID pipe, not 1.050 OD.

No, not to me. Further, I have never heard anyone else refer to pipe
that way either. It is referred to as I did above, by nominal size and
schedule. '3/4" nominal ID pipe' is an oxymoron. Nobody calls it
'3/4" nominal ID pipe. They call it '3/4" pipe', or '3/4" schedule 40
pipe', or whatever schedule they are using.

They are all 3/4" pipe. I've never heard anyone refer
to pipe as 'nominal pipe', 'nominal ID pipe', or 'ID' pipe.

The nominal size for pipe does NOT corresond to a specific ID,
it corresponds to a range of IDs. Without knowing the schedule
you cannot determine the ID for pipe from the nominal size.
However if you know the nominal size you do know the OD, that
is unambiguous. Therefor to say that pipe is 'sized by ID' is
wrong.

? Are we arguing over


> how a pipe is "measured" or "sized" vs. how it is "named" or
"called"?
> How are we to reconcile that 3/4" pipe is named for its nominal ID,
yet
> it is hardly ever called 1.050" pipe, unless it is called by
something
> for which it is "measured"?

Again, pipe is not mesured by ID and it is never called 'nominal ID'
or even 'nominal' either. 3/4" pipe is called 3/4" pipe,
understood to be schedule 40 unless otherwise specified and also
understood to have no dimensions equal to 3/4" unless the speaker
or the listener does not understand pipe.

>
> Because the ID was the most important characteristic in terms of

> determining the pipes resistance to flow, water pipe was named for


its
> ID. The 3/4" pipe size was thus established by some 'primordial 3/4"
ID
> pipe' whose OD turned out to be 1.050". When they made pipe with
other
> wall thickneses, for the sake of compatibility with existing fittings
> (and dies) which thread onto the OD, they varied the ID slightly to
be
> able to keep the OD constant. Nevertheless, they persisted in calling
> it by its nominal ID.
>

I suspect, though I cannot verify this, that nominal pipe sizes were
established by taking the actual ID and subtracting an allowance
for accumulated scale (corrosion allowance). Since I haven't verified
that, I didn't suggest it befor now. I think my GUESS is as good as
yours. The fact is that for any given nominal size AND schedule
the standard SPECIFIES the OD and the wall thickness, from which
the ID may be calculated. Without knowing the scedule you do not
know the ID. Pipe is not sized by ID.

Further, if you are doing a flow calculation, as I have, you
will use the ID appropriate to the schedule and not a 'nominal'
ID.

The actual ID for schedule 40 pipe is ALWAYS larger than the nominal
size so calling it nominal ID makes no more sense than calling it
nominal OD etymology notwithstanding. Adding 'ID' or 'OD' to the
word 'nominal' does not convey any additional information and may,
in fact, mislead people as to the dimensions of the pipe.

> However, some types of tubing were always named for their OD, thereby
> avoiding this whole mess.
>

And I have not, as someone suggested, confused tubing with pipe.

--

FF

Doug Miller

unread,
Mar 18, 2005, 1:48:57 PM3/18/05
to

>However if you know the nominal size you do know the OD, that
>is unambiguous.

For a given material, perhaps. As a general rule regardless of material,
definitely not: 3/4" steel, copper, and CPVC all have different OD.

fredf...@spamcop.net

unread,
Mar 18, 2005, 2:12:31 PM3/18/05
to

bill a wrote:
> > Wayne Whitney wrote:
> > That is a common misconception Try taking a ruler to 1/2"
> > nominal Schedule 40 pipe sometime.
> So what's your point? 1/2" sched 40 is .680" OD.

What is the ID?

--

FF

fredf...@spamcop.net

unread,
Mar 18, 2005, 2:12:21 PM3/18/05
to

bill a wrote:
> > Wayne Whitney wrote:
> > That is a common misconception Try taking a ruler to 1/2"
> > nominal Schedule 40 pipe sometime.
> So what's your point? 1/2" sched 40 is .680" OD.

What was the ID?

--

FF

fredf...@spamcop.net

unread,
Mar 18, 2005, 5:56:28 PM3/18/05
to

Doug Miller wrote:
> In article <1111170870....@l41g2000cwc.googlegroups.com>,
fredf...@spamcop.net wrote:
>
> >However if you know the nominal size you do know the OD, that
> >is unambiguous.
>
> For a given material, perhaps. As a general rule regardless of
material,
> definitely not: 3/4" steel, copper, and CPVC all have different OD.
>

After writing this:

http://groups-beta.google.com/group/alt.home.repair/msg/85492aa25a4546cc?dmode=source

I was so sure you were confusing pipe with tubing that I
almost didn't look for this:

http://nrha.web-pros.com/How-To/plumbing/copipe/copper.htm

Amusingly enough the actual ID for copper tubing is ALSO larger
than the nominal size.

Copper and CPVC pipe indeed is made to a common dimentional standard
that is different from the ASTM standard for steel, SS, or PVC.

E.g. Two standards, ASTM D-1785 for steel (including Stainless), and
PVC, but ASTM D-2846 for copper and CPVC.

However, it appears that ASTM d-1785 refers to PIPE while ASTM D-2846
refers to TUBE, and the sources for CPVC refer to it as CPVC PIPE
in copper-TUBE sizes and far too many sources on the web use the
terms pipe and tube interchangeably for copper and CPVC. E.g.
according to THOSE people, pipe IS tube for copper, regardless of
the meaning of 'is'.

SO I think I'll stick with my earlier contention that the copper
and CPVC in your basement are TUBE (though 3/4" tube, not 7/8"
while the galvanized and black steel, and the PVC are PIPE for
those of us who distinguish between the two.

This looks like it might be a very good source:

http://www.pipefitter.com/Pipedatabk.html

--

FF

@insightbb.com ReRe

unread,
Mar 21, 2005, 4:18:35 PM3/21/05
to

"Harry Everhart" <ha...@everhart.com> wrote in message
news:harry-331AFE....@comcast.dca.giganews.com...
I am putting a tankless gas water heater in my home. All of the copper
is in the concrete slab so I am going to run an insulated copper tube
"up and over" to the kitchen. The water heater will be a foot from the
two bathrooms and showers. the "up and over" tube will feed the kitchen
sink and dish water - nothing else.

How much water is in a 100 foot by 1/2 inch copper tube?

How much water is in a 100 foot by 3/4 inch copper tube?
How much water is in a 100 foot by 1/4 inch copper tube?

I am too lazy to look it up - I am wondering if any of you experts on
here have the info off-hand. I am thinking of putting thinning tubing to
the kitchen because less water would be in it to cool down etc.

Right now I am running two 50 gallon electric water heaters in a house
for two adults - I am wasting alot of energy keeping all that water hot
- and the tanks are far away from where the hot water is needed anyway
running thru a cold concrete slab.

Harry

This is ReRe

1/2" = .0158 gallons per lineal foot or 1.58 gallons in 100'
3/4" = .0277 gallons per lineal foot or 2.77 gallons in 100'


cease...@gmail.com

unread,
Apr 15, 2014, 5:11:13 AM4/15/14
to
=================================================================

Dimensions and Physical Characteristics of Copper Tube: TYPE K
3/4" has a .875 Outer diameter...inner .745

Dimensions and Physical Characteristics of Copper Tube: TYPE L
3/4" has a .875 Outer diameter...inner .785 .251 CONTENT PER FT

Dimensions and Physical Characteristics of Copper Tube: TYPE M
3/4" has a .875 Outer diameter...inner .811 .269 CONTENT PER FT


Dimensions and Physical Characteristics of Copper Tube: Medical Gas, K and L
3/4" has a .875 Outer diameter...inner .785 .336 CONTENT PER FT


Dimensions and Physical Characteristics of Copper Tube: ACR
3/4" has a .750 Outer diameter...inner .666 .242 CONTENT PER FT


(ACR)Copper tube for air-conditioning and refrigeration field service is designated by actual OD, outside diameter.




cease...@gmail.com

unread,
Apr 15, 2014, 5:22:37 AM4/15/14
to
On Thursday, March 17, 2005 10:29:15 AM UTC-7, fredf...@spamcop.net wrote:
Dimensions and Physical Characteristics of Copper Tube: TYPE ACR
3/4 OUTER IS .750 INNER IS .666 CONTENT GAL .242 PER FT

Dimensions and Physical Characteristics of Copper Tube: TYPE M
3/4 OUTER IS .875 INNER IS .811 CONTENT GAL FT .269 PER FT

Dimensions and Physical Characteristics of Copper Tube: TYPE L
3/4 OUTER IS .875 INNER IS .785 CONTENT GAL FT .251 PER FT




http://www.copper.org/publications/pub_list/pdf/copper_tube_handbook.pdf

Stormin Mormon

unread,
Apr 15, 2014, 9:08:42 AM4/15/14
to
On 4/15/2014 5:11 AM, cease...@gmail.com wrote:
> On Thursday, March 17, 2005 10:29:15 AM UTC-7, fredf...@spamcop.net wrote:
>> bill a wrote:

Nine years later, did we find answer?


--
.
Christopher A. Young
Learn about Jesus
www.lds.org
.

Red Green

unread,
Apr 15, 2014, 7:47:07 PM4/15/14
to
Stormin Mormon <cayo...@hotmail.com> wrote in
news:nba3v.21940$MR6....@fx30.iad:

> On 4/15/2014 5:11 AM, cease...@gmail.com wrote:
>> On Thursday, March 17, 2005 10:29:15 AM UTC-7, fredf...@spamcop.net
>> wrote:
>>> bill a wrote:
>
> Nine years later, did we find answer?
>
>

Hold on a bit. My PC Jr is just about finished running the calcs.

bob haller

unread,
Apr 15, 2014, 7:55:58 PM4/15/14
to
I would run PEX homeruns to each fixture, no joints buried in walls. PEX with sharkbites in easy to work with, far cheaper than copper and no one will steal it from your home. If it freezes it will be undamaged when thawed.....

the electric tankless sound like a good idea, but have major disadvantages.

I would run PEX with recurcliating lines, insulate with expanding foam, and keep the existing tanks...

even if you install tankless keep the existing tanks for easy reconversion

Stormin Mormon

unread,
Apr 16, 2014, 6:41:28 AM4/16/14
to
My TRS-80 needs more time.

bob haller

unread,
Apr 16, 2014, 7:57:37 AM4/16/14
to
On Tuesday, March 15, 2005 2:05:04 PM UTC-4, Harry Everhart wrote:
> I am putting a tankless gas water heater in my home. All of the copper
> is in the concrete slab so I am going to run an insulated copper tube
> "up and over" to the kitchen. The water heater will be a foot from the
> two bathrooms and showers. the "up and over" tube will feed the kitchen
> sink and dish water - nothing else.
>
> How much water is in a 100 foot by 1/2 inch copper tube?
> How much water is in a 100 foot by 3/4 inch copper tube?
> How much water is in a 100 foot by 1/4 inch copper tube?
>
> I am too lazy to look it up - I am wondering if any of you experts on
> here have the info off-hand. I am thinking of putting thinning tubing to
> the kitchen because less water would be in it to cool down etc.
>
> Right now I am running two 50 gallon electric water heaters in a house
> for two adults - I am wasting alot of energy keeping all that water hot
> - and the tanks are far away from where the hot water is needed anyway
> running thru a cold concrete slab.
>
> Harry

It would be intersting to see how this project worked out for the OP, did he love it or hate it? has the now 9 year old tankless failed? questions like this....

Scott Lurndal

unread,
Apr 16, 2014, 10:25:50 AM4/16/14
to
100' of 1/2" copper holds 4.07 gallons.

$ printf '%f\n' $(( (3.1415926 * (.5 * .5) * (100 * 12)) / 231 ))
4.079990

FWIW

Mark Storkamp

unread,
Apr 16, 2014, 1:11:50 PM4/16/14
to
In article <Opw3v.66437$cz2....@fx08.iad>,
It's length * pi r^2, not d^2. 1.02 gal.

CRNG

unread,
Apr 16, 2014, 4:23:24 PM4/16/14
to

>> 100' of 1/2" copper holds 4.07 gallons.
>>
>> $ printf '%f\n' $(( (3.1415926 * (.5 * .5) * (100 * 12)) / 231 ))
>> 4.079990
>>
>> FWIW
>
>It's length * pi r^2, not d^2. 1.02 gal.

Is the above "1/2" diameter the internal or external diameter of the
tube? I would think it's the internal diameter so the radius should
be less than 0.25".
--
Web based forums are like subscribing to 10 different newspapers
and having to visit 10 different news stands to pickup each one.
Email list-server groups and USENET are like having all of those
newspapers delivered to your door every morning.

Red Green

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Apr 16, 2014, 6:45:51 PM4/16/14
to
Stormin Mormon <cayo...@hotmail.com> wrote in news:s7t3v.72058$Ru1.62088
@fx02.iad:

> On 4/15/2014 7:47 PM, Red Green wrote:
>> Stormin Mormon <cayo...@hotmail.com> wrote in
>> news:nba3v.21940$MR6....@fx30.iad:
>>
>>> On 4/15/2014 5:11 AM, cease...@gmail.com wrote:
>>>> On Thursday, March 17, 2005 10:29:15 AM UTC-7, fredf...@spamcop.net
>>>> wrote:
>>>>> bill a wrote:
>>>
>>> Nine years later, did we find answer?
>>>
>>>
>>
>> Hold on a bit. My PC Jr is just about finished running the calcs.
>>
> My TRS-80 needs more time.
>

That's what you get for reluctance to change.

Mark Storkamp

unread,
Apr 18, 2014, 3:04:13 PM4/18/14
to
In article <h9ptk9595jvmgf7o2...@4ax.com>,
CRNG <noe...@atthisdomain.gov> wrote:

> >> 100' of 1/2" copper holds 4.07 gallons.
> >>
> >> $ printf '%f\n' $(( (3.1415926 * (.5 * .5) * (100 * 12)) / 231 ))
> >> 4.079990
> >>
> >> FWIW
> >
> >It's length * pi r^2, not d^2. 1.02 gal.
>
> Is the above "1/2" diameter the internal or external diameter of the
> tube? I would think it's the internal diameter so the radius should
> be less than 0.25".

You're right, it is internal diameter. Or at least close to it. 1/2"
nominal copper has an OD of 0.625". Type K has a wall thickness of
0.049", and type L has a wall thickness of 0.040". The ID is either
0.527" or 0.545". So it's either 1.13 or 1.21 gal.
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