Births: Edward IV, King, 1442;
Jean Audran, artist and engraver, 1667;
James Monroe, fifth US president, 1758
; Charles Sturt, explorer of Australia, 1795;
Anthony Ashley Cooper, seventh Earl of Shaftesbury, statesman and
philanthropist, 1801;
Nikolai Alekseievich Titov, song composer, 1801;
Sir James Erasmus Wilson, dermatologist, who, at his own expense, brought
"Cleopatra's Needle" to London, 1809;
Anastasius Dreszer, composer, 1845;
Frances Mary Hodgkins, painter, 1869;
Harold Bauer, pianist, 1873; Lionel Barrymore (Blythe), actor, 1878;
Antonio de Oliveira Salazar, prime minister and dictator of Portugal,
1889;
Adolphe Anthony Goossens, horn player, 1896;
Oskar Schindler, businessman and humanitarian, 1908;
Reg Butler (Reginald Cotterell B.), metal sculptor, 1913.
Deaths: Thomas Betterton, actor, 1710;
John Abernethy, surgeon, 1831;
Sir Charles Bell, anatomist, 1842;
Johann Ludwig Tieck, poet, novelist and critic, 1853;
Johannes Peter Muller, physiologist, 1858;
Arthur Fitzwilliam Tait, artist, 1905;
Gavrilo Princip, Bosnian revolutionary and assassin, 1918;
Sir Alexander Campbell Mackenzie, composer, 1935;
Fuad I, King of Egypt, 1936;
Luisa Tetrazzini, soprano, 1940;
Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini, executed by Italian partisans 1945;
Richard Arthur Warren Hughes, novelist, 1976;
Ed (Edward James) Begley, actor, 1970;
Francis Bacon, painter, 1992;
Olivier Messiaen, composer and organist, 1992.
On this day: the foundation stone of Salisbury Cathedral was laid, 1220;
the Spaniards defeated a French fleet and won a decisive victory at the
Battle of Cerignola, 1503
; Pope Clement XII issued a bull condemning freemasonry, 1738;
Captain Cook landed at, and named, Botany Bay and New South Wales, 1770;
the crew of HMS Bounty, led by Fletcher Christian, mutinied, 1789;
the Rush-Bagot Agreement was concluded between the US and Britain, 1817;
the League of Nations was founded, 1919
Leslie Irvin made the first free-fall parachute descent, at McCook Field,
Ohio, 1919;
Farouk became King of Egypt, 1936;
Thor Heyerdahl and companions set off from Peru on the Kon-Tiki
expedition, 1947; Japan regained its sovereignty, 1952;
General de Gaulle resigned as president of France, 1969;
US forces were sent to the Dominican Republic to protect US citizens and
prevent a Communist revolution, 1965;
Anwar as-Sadat was appointed acting president of Egypt, 1970.
Today is the Feast Day of
St Cronan of Roscrea,
St Cyril of Turov,
St Louis Grignion of Montfort,
St Pamphilus of Sulmona,
St Peter Mary Chanel,
St Pollio, Saints Theodora and Didymus,
St Valeria and
St Vitalis.