"We're not doomed to our initial prejudices: Once a person becomes aware
of her biases, she is more able to engage rational thought processes to
overcome the affect heuristic and dispel her inaccurate conclusions."
"Why You Hate Cyclists: Partly because of jerks like me. But it's mostly
your own illogical mind."
http://tinyurl.com/9fq8rc4
"I'm an asshole cyclist. I'm that jerk weaving in and out of traffic,
going the wrong way down a one-way street, and making a left on red. I'm
truly a menace on the road.
But it's not because I'm on a bike-I'm an asshole on the road no matter
what. I'm also a stereotypical Jersey driver, someone who treats speed
limits as speed minimums and curses those who disagree. And I'm just as
bad as a pedestrian, another jaywalking smartphone zombie oblivious to
the world beyond my glowing screen. If I'm moving, I'm an accident
waiting to happen.
Biking is my primary means of transportation, so when someone defames
cyclists, I feel particularly bad. The fact is, unlike me, most
bicyclists are courteous, safe, law-abiding citizens who are quite
willing and able to share the road. The Bicycle Coalition of Greater
Philadelphia studied rider habits on some of Philly's busier streets,
using some rough metrics to measure the assholishness of bikers:
counting the number of times they rode on sidewalks or went the wrong
way on one-way streets. The citywide averages in 2010 were 13 percent
for sidewalks and 1 percent for one-way streets at 12 locations where
cyclists were observed, decreasing from 24 percent and 3 percent in
2006. There is no reason to believe that Philly has particularly
respectful bicyclists-we're not a city known for respectfulness, and our
disdain for traffic laws is nationally renowned. Perhaps the simplest
answer is also the right one: Cyclists are getting less aggressive.
A recent study by researchers at Rutgers and Virginia Tech supports that
hypothesis. Data from nine major North American cities showed that,
despite the total number of bike trips tripling between 1977 and 2009,
fatalities per 10 million bike trips fell by 65 percent. While a number
of factors contribute to lower accident rates, including increased
helmet usage and more bike lanes, less aggressive bicyclists probably
helped, too.
Despite such statistics, lots of drivers assume all people on bikes are
assholes like me. In doing so, these motorists are making an inductive
fallacy, not unlike saying, "Of course he beat me at basketball-he's
Asian like Jeremy Lin and Yao Ming." Now, you might be thinking to
yourself that you've seen more than one or two suicidal cyclists in your
day-that these roaches on two wheels are an infestation that's
practically begging to be squished underfoot (and by "foot" you mean "my
Yukon Denali").
First off-wow, that is disturbingly violent. Second, your estimate of
the number of asshole cyclists and the degree of their assholery is
skewed by what behavioral economists like Daniel Kahneman call the
affect heuristic, which is a fancy way of saying that people make
judgments by consulting their emotions instead of logic.
The affect heuristic explains how our minds take a difficult question
(one that would require rigorous logic to answer) and substitutes it for
an easier one. When our emotions get involved, we jump to pre-existing
conclusions instead of exerting the mental effort to think of a bespoke
answer. The affect heuristic helps explain why birthers still exist even
though Obama released his birth certificate-it's a powerful, negative
emotional issue about which lots of people have already made up their
minds. When it comes to cyclists, once some clown on two wheels almost
kills himself with your car, you furiously decide that bicyclists are
assholes, and that conclusion will be hard to shake regardless of
countervailing facts, stats, or arguments.
If you are a city driver, you have undoubtedly been scared half to death
by some maniac cutting across traffic like Frogger on a fixie. Such
emotionally charged events stand out in our associative memory far more
than mundane events, like a cyclist riding peacefully alongside your
vehicle. The affect heuristic is compounded by the idea of negativity
dominance-bad events stand out more than good ones. This causes you to
overestimate both the amount and the severity of upsetting events, like
almost getting some dirty hipster's blood on your windshield.
Don't believe me? Well, ask yourself, what causes more deaths: strokes
or all accidents combined? Tornadoes or asthma? Most people say
accidents and tornadoes, and most people are wrong. In Thinking, Fast
and Slow, Kahneman asks the reader these same questions before
revealing, "strokes cause almost twice as many deaths as all accidents
combined, but 80 percent of respondents judged accidental death to be
likely. Tornadoes were seen as more frequent killers than asthma,
although the latter caused 20 times more deaths." Kids careening on
bikes are our urban tornadoes-somewhat rare, upsetting events that stick
in our craw longer than they should, and seem like bigger problems than
they really are.
Moreover, bicycling as a primary means of transportation-I'm not talking
about occasional weekend riders here-is a foreign concept to many
drivers, making them more sensitive to perceived differences between
themselves and cyclists. People do this all the time, making false
connections between distinguishing characteristics like geography, race,
and religion and people's qualities as human beings. Sometimes it is
benign ("Mormons are really polite"), sometimes less so ("Republicans
hate poor people"). But in this case, it's a one-way street: Though most
Americans don't ride bikes, bikers are less likely to stereotype drivers
because most of us also drive. The "otherness" of cyclists makes them
stand out, and that helps drivers cement their negative conclusions.
This is also why sentiments like "taxi drivers are awful" and "Jersey
drivers are terrible" are common, but you don't often hear someone say
"all drivers suck." People don't like lumping themselves into whatever
group they are making negative conclusions about, so we subconsciously
seek out a distinguishing characteristic first.
Every time another bicyclist pulls some dickish stunt, the affect
heuristic kicks in to reinforce the preconceived biases. The same isn't
true in reverse: The conviction that bicyclists are erratically moving
hazards is not diminished by the repeated observance of safe and
respectful riding. Facts and logical arguments that do not conform to
the emotional conclusion are discounted or disregarded. But we're not
doomed to our initial prejudices: Once a person becomes aware of her
biases, she is more able to engage rational thought processes to
overcome the affect heuristic and dispel her inaccurate conclusions. So,
study those stats bike haters!
As the studies show, more and more commuters are trading in their
parking passes for bike locks. In light of those numbers, it's
heartening to hear that the number of fatalities per bike trip has
decreased in Philadelphia, New York, and elsewhere. That suggests to me
that these new-to-biking commuters are riding less aggressively than the
old urban vanguard of bike messengers and Tour de France wannabes. If
the present trends continue, we'll see asshole bicyclists like me become
an even smaller minority of bicyclists as a whole. And some of us are
trying to get better. I've recognized that my bad behavior keeps others
from taking up riding, and keeps politicians from investing in things I
care about, like more bike lanes. So I've stopped riding on sidewalks
and try to keep my illegal lefts to a minimum. But I've been a jerk for
a real long time. So, let me say this to drivers, pedestrians, and my
fellow riders alike: I'm sorry. See, aren't cyclists the nicest, most
polite people in the whole world?
http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/science/2012/09/cyclists_are_annoying_why_you_think_they_re_a_menace_on_two_wheels_.single.html