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List of Celtic Tribes
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List of Celtic tribes
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Diachronic distribution of Celtic peoples:
core Hallstatt territory, by the 6th century BCE
maximal Celtic expansion, by 275 BCE
Lusitanian and Vettonian area of Iberian Peninsula where Celtic presence is uncertain, Para-Celtic?
the six Celtic nations which retained significant numbers of Celtic speakers into the Early Modern period
areas where Celtic languages remain widely spoken today
This is a list of Celtic tribes, listed in order of the Roman province (after Roman conquest) or the general area in which they lived. This geographical distribution of Celtic tribes does not imply that tribes that lived in the same general geographical area were more related. Some tribes' or tribal confederation's names are listed under more than one region because they dwelt in several of them.
Contents [hide]
1 Central Europe
2 Gaul (Gallia)
2.1 Cisalpine Gaul (Gallia Cisalpina)
2.2 Transalpine Gaul (Gallia Transalpina)
3 Great Britain (Britannia)
4 Ireland (Hibernia)
5 Iberian Peninsula (Hispania)
5.1 Citerior Iberia (Hispania Citerior)
5.2 Ulterior Iberia (Hispania Ulterior)
6 Balkans
6.1 Illyria
6.2 Moesia, Thrace and Dacia (Moesia, Thracia, Dacia)
7 Anatolia/Asia Minor
8 See also
9 Notes
10 References
11 External links
Central Europe[edit]
Map showing the Roman district (probably not yet a full province by then) of Raetia et Vindelicia, as it stood in AD 14, with some Raeti tribal names
Ancient tribes in the middle Danube river basin around 1st C. BCE
Central and northern Illyrian tribes and neighbouring Celtic tribes to the North and Northwest during the Roman period.
Central Europe, roughly upper Danube river basin and neighboring regions, is hypothesized as the original area of the Celts (Proto-Celts), corresponding to the Hallstatt Culture. Some closely fit the concept of a tribe. Others are confederations or even unions of tribes.
Agri Decumates
Helvetii – original dwellers of the region, unknown named tribes of the Helvetii tribal confederation, also dwelt to the South and Southwest in Helvetia (modern day Switzerland). Decumates may have meant "Ten Cantons".
Latobrigi/Latovici - uncertain location, maybe to the north or northeast of the Helvetii in the upper Danube (Danubius) and upper Rhine river basins, original dwellers of the region.
Tulingi – localisation unclear, possibly Southern Germany, Switzerland or Austria; also may have been a Germanic tribe.
Bohemia and Moravia
Boii – a tribal confederation, originally from today's Bohemia (Western Czech Republic), dwelt in Hercynia Silva, north of the Danuvius (Danube) river, but dispersed through migrations to other regions of Europe, to areas of modern Slovakia, Germany, Austria, Hungary and Northern Italy[1]
Bohemian Boii - roughly in today's Bohemia
Danubian Boii/Pannonian Boii - in Pannonia, today's Western Hungary.
Volcae - a tribal confederation, originally from today's Moravia (Eastern Czech Republic), Central and Upper Danube basin (Slovakia, Austria, South Germany), dwelt in Hercynia Silva, north of the Danuvius (Danube) river, but dispersed through migrations to other regions of Europe (Southern Gaul) and Asia Minor/Anatolia (Galatia).
Moravian Volcae - roughly in today's Moravia.
Noricum
Norici/Taurisci - a tribal confederation
Alauni - in the middle Aenus river basin (Inn river), east of the Aenus in the Eastern Alps, Chiemsee and Attersee lakes region.
Ambidravi/Ambidrani - in the upper and middle Dravus (Drau/Drava) river basin in the Eastern Alps and also in the Mur/Mura river basin, today's Carinthia and Styria, Austria.
Ambilici - in the Dravus (Drau/Drava) river basin, east of the Ambidravi/Ambidrani (today's Southeast Austria and Northeast Slovenia).
Ambisontes/Ambisontii - in the Alpes Noricae (East Central Alps), in the upper Salzach river basin.
Norici/Nori - may have been a tribe of the larger Taurisci tribal federation; in the Eastern Alps and in the Mur/Mura and Schwarza rivers basins and other areas, today's Styria and Lower Austria (Austria) south of the Danubius (Danube).
Sevaces - in the low Aenus river basin (Inn river), east of the Aenus and south of the Danubius (Danube), roughly in today's Upper Austria.
Pannonia
Arabiates - areas of modern Western Hungary and eastern Austria, west of Danubius (Danube) river.
Belgites - areas of modern Western Hungary, west of Danubius (Danube) river.
Cornacates - areas of modern Western Hungary, west of Danubius (Danube) river.
Cotini – areas of modern Slovakia and Western Hungary, west of Danubius (Danube) river.
Eravisci/Aravisci – areas of modern Western Hungary, west of Danubius (Danube) river, Aquincum (modern Budapest) was in their territory.
Hercuniates/Hercuniatae - areas of modern Western Hungary, west of Danubius (Danube) river.
Latobici/Latovici - not the same tribe as the Latobrigi but could be related, areas of modern Western Hungary, west of Danubius (Danube) river.
Scordisci – areas of modern Serbia, Croatia, Austria, Romania, west of Danubius (Danube) river.
Serrapilli - areas of modern Western Hungary, west of Danubius (Danube) river.
Serretes - areas of modern Western Hungary, west of Danubius (Danube) river.
Varciani – areas of modern Slovenia, Croatia.
Rhaetia
Rhaetian people – central parts of present-day Switzerland, the Tyrol in Austria, and the Alpine regions of northeastern Italy. There is evidence that the non-Celtic (and Pre-Indo-European) elements (see Tyrsenian languages) had, by the time of Augustus, been assimilated by the influx of Celtic tribes and had adopted Celtic speech.[2] In addition, the abundance of Celtic toponyms and the complete absence of Etruscan place names in the Rhaetian territory, leads to the conclusion that, by the time of Roman conquest, the Rhaetians were completely Celticized.[3]
Benlauni - Upper valley of fl. Aenus (r. Inn) in today's North Tirol, Austria, along with the Breuni (may have been older dwellers than the Breuni), not the same as the Breuni, Pons Aeni (modern Wasserburg) was their main centre.
Breuni/Brenni/Breones - Upper valley of fl. Aenus (r. Inn) in today's North Tirol, Austria, and Val Bregna and around Brenner Mountain; also may have been an Illyrian tribe and not a Rhaetian one.
Brixenetes/Brixentes/Brixantae - Upper valley of fl. Athesis (r. Adige) in today's South Tirol, Italy, around Bressanone/Brixen.
Calucones/Culicones - Calanda (upper valley of fl. Rhenus - r. Rhine) in today's Grisons Canton, Switzerland and Valtellina, Colico.
Camunni/Camuni - Val Camonica (river Oglio) in today's Brescia Province (Lombardia, Italy); also may have been a tribe of the Euganei and not a Rhaetian tribe.
Consuanetae/Cosuanetes/Cotuantii? - Upper and middle valley of fl. Isarus (r. Isar) (Bavarian Alps) in today's Upper Bavaria, Germany; also may have been a tribe of the Vindelici (a tribal confederacy), named Cotuantii (if they are the same).
Focunates - Upper valley of fl. Aenus (r. Inn) in today's North Tirol, Austria, neighbours to Genaunes and Breuni.
Genaunes/Genauni - Upper valleys of the fl. Aenus (r. Inn) and the Athesis (Adige) in today's Tirol (North Tirol and South Tirol); also may have been an Illyrian tribe and not a Rhaetian one; east of the Lepontii.
Isarci - Valley of fl. Isarcus (r. Isarco) in today's South Tirol, Italy.
Leponti/Lepontii/Leipontii/Lepontes - Val Leventina and Val d'Ossola in today's Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola, Piemonte, Italy; also may not have been a Rhaetian tribe but instead a Gaulish tribe; west of the Genaunes/Genauni.
Medoaci - close to the Meduacum (Brenta) source, Ausugum (Borgo Valsugana) was their main town.
Mesiales - south of the Lepontii.
Naunes - in Val di Non, Trento Province.
Querquani - in Quero area (today's Belluno Province, Veneto Region).
Runicates/Rucinates/Rucantii? - Between rivers Isarus (Isar) and Danuvius (Danube), Low Bavaria; also may have been a tribe of the Vindelici (a tribal confederation).
Rugusci/Ruigusci/Rucantii? Upper Engadin (fl. Aenus - r. Inn) in today's Grisons canton, Switzerland.
Suanetes/Suanitae/Sarunetes - Upper Rhenus (Upper Rhine) and Valley of r. Albula in today's Grisons canton, Switzerland.
Tridentini - in the middle Athesis (Adige) river basin.
Trumpilini/Trumplini - Val Trompia in today's Brescia Province, Italy; also may have been a tribe of the Euganei and not a Rhaetian tribe.
Vennonetes/Vennones/Vennonienses - Upper valley of fl. Rhenus (r. Rhine) in today's Saint Gallen Canton, Switzerland; also may not have been a Rhaetian tribe but instead a tribe of the Vindelici (a tribal confederation).
Venostes - Vinschgau (It. Val Venosta) (fl. Athesis - r. Adige) in today's South Tirol, Italy.
Vindelicia
Latobrigi – localisation unclear, possibly Southern Germany or Austria near the Upper Rhine, some migrated to Gaul.
Vindelici – a tribal confederation, areas of modern Southern Germany (Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg), in the upper Danube river basin.
Brigantii – in the Lacus Brigantinus (Lake Konstanz) area, Brigantia (Bregenz) was the main centre, in the border areas of modern Germany, Austria and Switzerland, north of the Vennonetes/Vennones/Vennonienses.
Catenates - South of the Danubius (Danube), in the low Licus (Lech) river area, Augusta Vindelicorum region (today's Augsburg), north of the Licates.
Consuanetae/Cosuanetes/Cotuantii? - Upper and middle valley of fl. Isarus (r. Isar) (Bavarian Alps) in today's Upper Bavaria, Germany.
Estiones - South of the Danubius (Danube), in the Ilargus (Roth) and Riss rivers area, including today's Ulm area (between modern Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg), Cambodunum (today's Kempten) was one of their towns.
Leuni - in the Isarus (Isar) and Ammer (Amper) river areas, Munich area, Bavaria.
Licates - in the Licus (Lech) river valley, south of the Catenates.
Runicates/Rucinates/Rucantii? - Between rivers Isarus (Isar) and Danuvius (Danube), Low Bavaria.
Vennonetes/Vennones/Vennonienses - Upper valley of fl. Rhenus (r. Rhine) in today's Saint Gallen Canton, Switzerland, south of the Brigantii.
West Carpathians
Anartes/Anartoi – Celts assimilated by Dacians.[4] Areas of modern Slovakia and modern Northern Hungary, north of the Tysia/Tibiscus (Tisza) river.
Cotini/Gotini – areas of modern Slovakia, west of the Anartes, and areas of Western Hungary, south of Lacus Pelsodis/Pelso (Lake Balaton).
Lugii – areas of modern southwestern and southern Poland; also may have been a Germanic tribe.
Osi/Osii – areas of modern Slovakia[5]
Gaul (Gallia)[edit]
See also: List of peoples of Gaul
Cisalpine Gaul (Gallia Cisalpina)[edit]
Peoples of Italy during the 4th to 3rd centuries BC. Celtic tribes in orange.
Celtic tribes in brown. The Umbrians were of mixed Italo-Celtic origin.[6][7][8]
Cisalpine Gaul (Gallia Cisalpina), also called Gallia Citerior or Gallia Togata,[9] was the part of Italy continually inhabited by Celts since the 13th century BC.[10] Conquered by the Roman Republic in the 220s BC, it was a Roman province from c. 81 BC until 42 BC, when it was merged into Roman Italy.[11] Until that time, it was considered part of Gaul, precisely that part of Gaul on the "hither side of the Alps" (from the perspective of the Romans), as opposed to Transalpine Gaul ("on the far side of the Alps").[12]
Aedui – According to Livy (v. 34), they took part in the expedition of Bellovesus into Italy in the 6th century BC
Ambarri – According to Livy (v. 34), they took part in the expedition of Bellovesus into Italy in the 6th century BC
Ambidravi – Located on the north-eastern border of Italy where it meets modern central Austria
Anani – Western Emilia, Po Valley, (Fidentia, Province of Piacenza)
Anamares – Minor tribe whose precise location along the southern bank of the River Padus in Italy is uncertain
Anares – Middle Po Valley, Placentia (Piacenza, Province of Piacenza)
Arverni – According to Livy (v. 34), they took part in the expedition of Bellovesus into Italy in the 6th century BC
Aulerci – According to Livy (v. 34), they took part in the expedition of Bellovesus into Italy in the 6th century BC
Bituriges – According to Livy (v. 34), they took part in the expedition of Bellovesus into Italy in the 6th century BC
Boii – Central Emilia-Romagna (Bologna)
Camunni – in the Valcamonica and Valtellina valleys of the Central Alps. Some consider them to be Celtic.[13]
Carni – Northern Friuli
Carnutes – According to Livy (v. 34), they took part in the expedition of Bellovesus into Italy in the 6th century BC
Catubrini - In the Alps Southeastern slopes, close to Atesis (Adige river) and near Tridentum (Trento), to the Southwest of the Carni.
Caturiges – Near the border between France and Italy
Cenomani – Eastern Lombardy (Brixia, Cremona)
Ceutrones – Near the border between France and Italy
Gaesatae – Migrated from France to Italy to fight in the battle of Telamon
Graioceli/Garocelli – Northwestern Piedmont in the Graian Alps
Insubres – Western Lombardy (Milan)
Lepontii – Northern Lombardy, North-eastern Piedmont and Switzerland in the Lepontine Alps
Libici – Between Duria Bautica/Duria Maior (Dora Baltea) and Sesites/Sessites (Sesia) rivers.
Medulli – Near the border between France and Italy
Lingones – North-eastern Emilia-Romagna (Ferrara), Po Valley
Orobii or Orumbovii – Central Lombardy (Bergamo)
Salassi – Aosta Valley and Canavese (Northern Piedmont) (Ivrea)
Salyes – According to Livy (v. 34), they took part in the expedition of Bellovesus into Italy in the 6th century BC
Seduni – Near the border between Switzerland and Italy
Segusini (or Cottii) – Western Piedmont on Cottian Alps (Susa)
Senones – South-eastern Emilia-Romagna (Rimini) and Northern Marche (Senigallia)
Taurini – Piedmont (Turin)
Veragri – Near the border between Switzerland and Italy
Vertamocorii – Eastern Piedmont (Novara)
Ligures – Northern Mediterranean Coast straddling South-east French and North-west Italian coasts, including Northern Tuscany and Corsica. Because of the strong Celtic influences on their language and culture, they were known already in antiquity as Celto-Ligurians (in Greek Κελτολίγυες, Keltolígues).[14] Very little is known about this language (mainly place names and personal names remain) which is generally believed to have been Celtic or Para-Celtic;[15][16] (i.e. an Indo-European language branch not Celtic but more closely related to Celtic).
Apuani – Eastern Liguria from the Northern Apennines Mountains to the mediterranean coast.
Bagienni (or Vagienni) – (in the area of Bene Vagienna)
Briniates (or Boactes) – (in the area of Brugnato)
Deciates – (in modern Provence, west of the river Var)
Friniates – (in the area now called Frignano)
Garuli – (in the area of Cenisola)
Genuates – (in the area of Genua - Genova)
Hercates –
Ilvates (or Iluates) – (if different from the Iriates) (on the island of Elba)
Ingauni – Western Liguria from the Northern Apennines Mountains and Ligurian Alps to the mediterranean coast.
Intemelii - Western Liguria from the Ligurian Alps to the mediterranean coast, west of the Ingauni, in the Albium Intemelium area (today's Ventimiglia).
Laevi – a ligurian tribe that dwelt in the low Ticinus river (Ticino), according to both Livy & Pliny.[17] According to Livy (v. 34), they took part in the expedition of Bellovesus into Italy in the 6th century BC
Lapicini (or Lapicinii) – In the extreme northern regions of Liguria, as it was defined in Roman times, on a tributary of the Magra
Marici – (near the confluence of the rivers Orba, Bormida and Tanaro)
Statielli – on the road from Vada Sabatia, near Savona to Dertona (Tortona) and Placentia
Tigulli – from the Northern Apennines Mountains to the mediterranean coast, west of the Apuani.
Tricastini –
Transalpine Gaul (Gallia Transalpina)[edit]
Map of Gaul (58 BC) with important tribes, towns, rivers, etc.
The various Gallic peoples before the Roman conquest
Transalpine Gaul, meaning literally "Gaul on the other side of the Alps" or "Gaul across the Alps", is approximately modern Belgium, France, and Switzerland, in what would become the Roman provinces of Gallia Narbonensis, Gallia Celtica (later Lugdunensis and Aquitania) and Gallia Belgica. The Roman province of Gaul (Gallia) included both Celtic-speaking and non-Celtic-speaking tribes. Some closely fit the concept of a tribe. Others are confederations or even unions of tribes.
List of peoples of Gaul (with their capitals/major settlements):
Abrincatui
Adenates – slopes of the Western Alps (Maurienne-Modanne)
Aedui/Haedui – Bibracte (tribal confederation)
Aedui proper
Ambivareti
Aulerci Brannovices/Brannovii/Blannovii (a southern branch of the Aulerci but within the Aedui tribal confederation)
Adunicates – Andon area
Agenisates/Angesinates – Angoumois
Agnutes – Vendee
Albici – Middle and Lower Durance river valley (tribal confederation)
Albienses/Albici Proper
Vordenses
Vulgientes
Allobroges/Allobriges – Vienne
Ambarri
Ambibarii/Ambivarii – Armorica
Ambiliates/Ambilatres – Low Liger (Loire) river
Anagnutes
Andecamulenses
Andecavi/Andes – Angers
Antobroges
Armoricani/Aremoricii
Arverni – Gergovia (tribal confederation)
Arverni proper
Gabali
Arvii
Atacini – Aussière
Atesui
Aulerci (tribal confederation)
Aulerci Cenomani – Le Mans
Aulerci Diablintes
Aulerci Eburovices
Avantices
Avatici – Camargue
Baiocasses – Bayeux
Bebryces (Gauls) – in southern Gaul, south of the Volcae Arecomici, close to Narbo (Narbonne) region.
Belendi/Pelendi – Belinum territory (Belin-Béliet), in the middle Sigmatis river (in today's Leyre river) area, south of the Bituriges Vivisci and the Boii Boiates; they may have been related to the Pellendones (a Celtiberian tribe), not an Aquitanian tribe.
Belgae[18] (according to classical authors, see Caesar's De Bello Gallico, they were a different people and spoke a different language from the Gauls and Britons; they were clearly an Indo-European people and may have spoken a Celtic language, although there is a remote possibility that their language may have been Pre-Celtic Indo-European. If their language was not Celtic it may have been Para-Celtic like Ligurian (i.e. an Indo-European language branch not Celtic but more closely related to Celtic; see Ancient Belgian language). They dwelt in Belgica, parts of Britannia, and may have dwelt in parts of Hibernia and also of Hispania) (large tribal confederation).
Ambiani – Amiens
Ambivareti
Atrebates – Arras
Bellovaci – Beauvais
Caleti/Caletes – Harfleur (Caracotinum), later Lillebonne (Juliobona)
Catuslogi
Eburones (mixed Belgae and Germani cisrhenani people)
Leuci – Toul (Tullum Leucorum)
Mediomatrici – Metz
Menapii – Cassel
Morini – Boulogne-sur-Mer
Nervii – Bavay, (tribal confederation)
Ceutrones (Belgae)
Geidumni
Grudii
Levaci
Nervii Proper
Pleumoxii
Remi – Reims
Silvanectii – Senlis
Suessiones – Soissons (Suessetani may have been related, result of a migration towards south)[citation needed]
Tencteri – Rhine east bank, may have been a Celtic tribe (and not a Germanic one) or a mixed Belgae and Germani tribe.
Treveri – Trier
Usipetes – Rhine east bank, may have been a Celtic tribe (and not a Germanic one) or a mixed Belgae and Germani tribe.
Veliocasses/Velicasses/Velocasses – Rouen
Viromandui – Noyon
Bipedimui/Pimpedunni
Bituriges Cubi – Bourges
Bituriges Vivisci – Bordeaux (Burdigala)
Bodiontici
Boii – Boui near Entrain[1]
Boii Boiates/Boviates/Boates – La Tête de Buch, probably around Arcachon Bay and northwest of Landes (departement), in the Pays de Buch and Pays de Born, may have been a Celtic tribe or a mixed Celtic-Aquitanian tribe.
Bramovices – Low Tarentaise, Savoy
Briganii – Briançon, High Durance river valley
Cadurci – Cahors
Caeresi
Cambolectres
Carnutes – Autricum (Chartres), Cenabum/Genabum (Orleans)
Catalauni – Châlons-en-Champagne
Caturiges – Chorges, High Durance river valley
Cavares/Cavari – North of Low Durance, Arausio (Orange), (tribal confederation)
Cavares Proper
Meminii
Ceutrones/Centrones – Moûtiers
Chalbici – Chablais
Coriosolites/Curiosolitae – Corseul
Corisopiti
Edenates
Eleuterii
Elycoces
Epomandui
Esubii/Esuvii/Sesuvii – Ubaye Valley
Euburiates
Gaesatae/Gaesati
Garites – in and around Gariès in the west banks of Garumna river (Garonne), northwest of Tolosa (Toulouse), southwest of Montauban, northwest of the Volcae Tectosages.
Garumni – along the banks of the high Garumna river (Garonne), southwest of the Volcae Tectosages, and in and around Lugdunum Convenarum, among the Convenae (an Aquitani tribe or group of tribes).
Geloni
Graioceli/Garocelli
Helvetii – La Tène, (tribal confederation).
Tigurini – Yverdon
Tougeni
Verbigeni
Unknown named tribe (Helvetii Proper?)
Helvii/Elvi
Iconii – Gap
Insubres
Lemovices – Limoges
Lexovii – Lisieux
Ligures - A Celtic related people, closer to the Celts.
Deciates - a tribe that dwelt in the region of Antipolis (Antibes) west of the river Varus (Var).
Elisyces/Helisyces - a tribe that dwelt in the region of Narbo (Narbonne) and modern northern Roussillon. May have been either Iberian or Ligurian or a Ligurian-Iberian tribe.
Oxybii - a Ligurian tribe that dwelt on the Mediterranean coast near Massalia (Marseille).
Lingones
Mandubii – Alesia
Medulli – Vienne
Medulli Meduci – Médoc
Meldi – Marne (Matrona) – Meaux
Namnetes – Nantes
Nantuates/Nantuatae
Nemalones
Nemeturii – High Var river valley
Nitiobroges/Nitiobriges
Osismii
Parisii – Paris
Petrocorii – Périgueux
Pictones/Pictavi – Poitiers
Quariates
Raurici/Rauraci – Kaiseraugst (Augusta Raurica)
Redones – Rennes
Reieni
Ruteni – Rodez
Sagii
Salyes/Salluvii (may have been a Celtic tribe or a mixed Celtic-Ligurian tribe)
Santones – Saintes
Savincates
Seduni – High Rhône river valley, Sion (Middle Valais, Switzerland)
Segovellauni
Segusiavi/Segobriges
Segusini
Senates – in Aquitania, south of the Garumna (Garonne) river, but not an Aquitanian tribe
Senones – Sens
Sentienes – Senez
Sequani – Besançon
Tornates/Turnates
Tricasses/Tricassini
Tricorii
Triviatii
Trones
Turones/Turoni – Tours
Uberi/Viberi – High Rhône river valley, Upper Valais
Unelli/Venelli – Coutances
Vadicasses/Vadicassii
Veamini
Vediantii
Vellavi/Velaunii – Ruessium
Veneti – Vannes
Veragri
Vergunni – Vinon-sur-Verdon
Veroduni
Vertamocori – Vercors
Vesubiani – Vésubie
Viducasses – Vieux
Vocontii – Vaison-la-Romaine (in modern Provence, on the east bank of the Rhône)
Volcae Arecomici - in today's Languedoc
Volcae Tectosages/Tolosates – Toulouse
[show] v t e
Iron Age tribes in Gaul
Great Britain (Britannia)[edit]
Northern Britain about the year 150 CE
Southern Britain about the year 150 CE
Wales about the year 40 CE
See also: Iron Age tribes in Britain
Britannia was the name Romans gave, based on the name of the people: the Britanni. Some closely fit the concept of a tribe but others are confederations or even unions of tribes.
Ancalites (uncertain: speculatively Hampshire and Wiltshire)
Attacotti (origin uncertain)
Belgae[18] (Wiltshire and Hampshire) (according to classical authors, see Caesar's De Bello Gallico, they were a different people and spoke a different language from the Gauls and Britons; they were clearly an Indo-European people and may have spoken a Celtic language, although there is a remote possibility that their language may have been Pre-Celtic Indo-European; they dwelt in Belgica, parts of Britannia, and may have dwelt in parts of Hibernia and also of Hispania)
Atrebates – an important Belgic tribe of today's Southern England, in Berkshire
Belgae (tribe) – Belgic tribe, in today's England's south coast, Isle of Wight, Hampshire, Wiltshire
Catuvellauni (Hertfordshire) – Belgic tribe, neighbours of the Iceni, they joined in their rebellion
Regnenses/Regni – Belgic tribe, in today's East Hampshire, Sussex and Surrey
Bibroci (mentioned by Caesar, location uncertain but possibly Berkshire)
Boresti (sometimes Horesti) (In or near Fife, Scotland according to Tacitus)
Brigantes (an important tribe in most of Northern England and in the south-east corner of Ireland)
Cantiaci (in present-day Kent which preserves the ancient tribal name)
Carvetii (Cumberland)
Cassi (mentioned by Caesar, possibly south-east England)
Cateni (north and west of Sutherland) – they gave the county its Gaelic name Cataibh
Cenimagni (mentioned by Caesar, perhaps the same as the Iceni)
Corieltauvi/Coritani (East Midlands including Leicester)
Corionototae (possibly a tribe) (Northumberland)
Cornovii (Midlands)
Damnonii (Southwestern Scotland)
Deceangli (Flintshire, Wales)
Demetae (Dyfed, Wales)
Dobunni (Cotswolds and Severn valley)
Dumnonii (Devon, Cornwall, Somerset)
Cornovii (Cornwall) (a sub-tribe, or sept, of the Dumnonii)
Durotriges (Dorset, south Somerset, south Wiltshire)
Gabrantovices
Gangani (Llŷn Peninsula, Wales)
Iceni (East Anglia) – under Boudica, they rebelled against Roman rule)
Novantae (Galloway and Carrick)
Ordovices (Gwynedd, Wales) – they waged guerrilla warfare from the north Wales hills
Parisii (East Riding of Yorkshire)
Picts (possibly a different people from the Britons, but were probably also Celtic; If their language was not Celtic it may have been Para-Celtic like Ligurian (i.e. an Indo-European language branch not Celtic but more closely related to Celtic). A tribal confederation.
Caledones (along the Great Glen)
Carnonacae (western Highlands)
Caereni (far western Highlands)
Cornovii (Caithness)/Cornavii (northernmost known Celtic tribe)
Creones (Argyll)
Decantae or Ducantae (eastern Ross and Black Isle)
Epidii (Kintyre and neighboring islands)
Lugi (southern Sutherland)
Smertae (central Sutherland)
Taexali (Angus and Grampian)
Vacomagi (in and around the Cairngorms)
Venicones (Fife and south-west Tayside in Scotland)
Tribe of unknown name in the Orkney Islands (may have been Picts)
Tribe of unknown name in the Shetland Islands (may have been Picts)
Tribe of unknown name in the Faroe Islands (may have been Picts)
Scotti (western portion of Scotland)
Segontiaci (probably south-east England)
Selgovae (Dumfriesshire and the Stewartry of Kirkcudbright)
Setantii (possibly a tribe) (Lancashire)
Silures (south Wales) – resisted the Romans in present-day south Wales
Trinovantes/Trinobantes (Essex) – neighbours of the Iceni, they joined in their rebellion
Votadini/Otadini (north-east England and south-east Scotland) – they later formed Gododdin
[show] v t e
Iron Age tribes in Britain
Ireland (Hibernia)[edit]
See also: List of Irish kingdoms and Túath
The population groups (tribes and tribal confederations) of Ireland (Iouerníā/Hibernia) mentioned in Ptolemy's Geographia in a modern interpretation.
According to Ptolemy's Geography (2nd century AD):
Autini (or Auteini/Uaithni) (Auteinoi)
Brigantes (Hibernia)
Cauci (or Kauki) (Kaukoi)
Coriondi (or Koriondoi)
Darini (Darinoi)
Eblani (or Ebdani/Blani) (Eblanioi)
Erdini (or Erpeditani) (Erdinoi)
Gangani (or Concani) (Ganganoi)
Iverni (or Iwerni) (Iwernoi)
Manapii (Manapioi)
Nagnatae (or Nagnatai/Magnatae) (Magnatai)
Robogdii (or Redodi) (Rhobogdioi)
Usdiae (or Udiae/Udiai/Vodiae/Wodiai) (Usdiai)
Uterni
Velabri (or Vellabori/Wellabori) (Wellaboroi)
Vennicnii (or Wennikni) (Wenniknioi)
Volunti (or Wolunti) (Woluntioi) – identifiable with the Ulaidh/Uluti[19]
[show] v t e
Ptolemy's Ireland
Iberian Peninsula (Hispania)[edit]
Main language areas in Iberia c. 300 BC
Territory of the Celtiberi, mixed Celtic and Iberian tribes or Celtic tribes influenced by Iberians, with the possible location of the tribes.
See also: Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula
The Celts in the Iberian peninsula were traditionally thought of as living on the edge of the Celtic world of the La Tène culture that defined classical Iron Age Celts. Earlier migrations were Hallstatt in culture and later came La Tène influenced peoples. Celtic or (Indo-European) Pre-Celtic cultures and populations existed in great numbers and Iberia experienced one of the highest levels of Celtic settlement in all of Europe. They dwelt in northern, central and western regions of Iberian Peninsula, but also in several southern regions. The Roman province of Hispania included both Celtic speaking and non-Celtic speaking tribes. Some closely fit the concept of a tribe. Others are confederations or even unions of tribes.
Citerior Iberia (Hispania Citerior)[edit]
Hispania Citerior ("Nearer Hispania", "Hispania that is Closer", from the perspective of the Romans), was a region of Hispania during the Roman Republic, roughly occupying the northeastern coast and the Iberus (Ebro) Valley and later the eastern, central, northern and northwestern areas of the Iberian peninsula in what would become the Tarraconensis Roman province (of what is now Spain and northern Portugal).
Allotriges – Northwestern La Rioja (Spain).
Astures – Asturias and northern León (Spain), and east of Trás os Montes (Portugal), (tribal confederation).
Cismontani
Amaci
Cabruagenigi
Gigurri
Lancienses
Lougei
Orniaci
Superatii
Susarri/Astures Proper
Tiburi
Zoelae – Eastern Trás-os-Montes (Portugal), (Miranda do Douro).
Transmontani
Baedunienses
Brigaentini
Cabarci
Iburri
Luggones/Lungones
Paenii
Paesici
Saelini
Vinciani
Viromenici
Autrigones – east Burgos (Spain).
Bebryaces/Berybraces – unknown location, may have been related to the Bebryces (gauls) or the Berones, there is also the possibility that it was an old name of the Celtiberians.
Berones – La Rioja (Spain).
Cantabri – Cantabria, part of Asturias and part of Castile-Leon (Spain); some consider them not Celtic, may have been Pre-Celtic Indo-European as could have been the Lusitani and Vettones [1]. If their language was not Celtic it may have been Para-Celtic like Ligurian (i.e. an Indo-European language branch not Celtic but more closely related to Celtic). A Tribal confederation.
Avarigines
Blendii/Plentusii/Plentuisii
Camarici/Tamarici
Concani
Coniaci/Conisci
Moroecani
Noegi
Orgenomesci
Salaeni/Selaeni
Vadinienses
Vellici/Velliques
Caristii/Carietes – today's West Basque Country, they may have been Celtic (see Late Basquisation), they were later assimilated by the Vascones in the 6th and 7th centuries CE; Some consider them not Celtic, may have been a Pre-Celtic Indo-European people as the Lusitani and Vettones could have been. [2]. If their language was not Celtic it may have been Para-Celtic like Ligurian (i.e. an Indo-European language branch not Celtic but more closely related to Celtic).
Carpetani – Central Iberian meseta (Spain), in the geographical centre of the Iberian Peninsula, in a large part of today's Castilla-La Mancha and Madrid regions. A tribal confederation with 27 identified tribes.[20]
Aelariques -
Aeturiques -
Arquioci - in Iplacea, roman named Complutum (today's Alcalá de Henares) region.
Acualiques -
Bocouriques -
Canbarici - in Toletum (Toledo) region.
Contucianci - in Segobriga region.
Dagencii -
Doviliques -
Duitiques -
Duniques -
Elguismiques -
Langioci -
Longeidoci -
Maganiques -
Malugeniques -
Manuciques -
Maureici -
Mesici -
Metturici -
Moenicci -
Obisodiques - in Toletum (Toledo) region
Pilonicori -
Solici -
Tirtaliques - in Segobriga region.
Uloques -
Venatioques -
Celtiberians – Eastern Iberian meseta (Spain), mountains of the headwaters of the rivers Douro, Tagus, Guadiana (Anas), Júcar, Jalón (river), Jiloca (river) and Turia (river), (tribal confederation). Mixed Celtic and Iberian tribes or Celtic tribes influenced by Iberians, the majority of Celtic tribes in the Iberian Peninsula were not Celtiberians.
Arevaci
Belli
Cratistii
Lobetani
Lusones – Western Zaragoza (province), Eastern Guadalajara (Spain).
Olcades
Pellendones/Cerindones, in high Duero river course (Numantia) and neighboring mountains, may also have been related to the Pelendi/Belendi that dwelt in the middle Sigmatis river, today's Leyre (river).
Titii (Celtiberian)
Turboletae/Turboleti
Uraci/Duraci
Gallaecians or Callaici – Gallaecia (Spain & Portugal), (tribal confederation).
Addovi/Iadovi
Aebocosi
Albiones/Albioni – western Asturias (Spain).
Amphiloci
Aobrigenses
Arroni/Arrotrebi
Arrotrebae/Artabri – Northern Galicia (Spain).
Aunonenses
Baedi
Banienses – around Baião Municipality, Eastern Porto District, (Portugal).
Biballi
Bracari/Callaeci/Gallaeci Proper – Southeastern Braga District, Braga, Western Porto District, Oporto, (Portugal).
Brigantes (Callaici tribe) – Northern Bragança District, Bragança, (Portugal).
Caladuni
Capori
Celtici Praestamarici
Celtici Supertamarici
Cibarci
Cileni
Coelerni/Aquaflavienses – Braga District, Vila Real District (Chaves), (Portugal) and Ourense (Spain).
Egi
Egovarri
Equaesi – Minho and Trás-os-Montes (Portugal).
Grovii – Minho (Portugal) and Galicia (Spain).
Iadones
Interamici/Interamnici – Trás-os-Montes (Portugal).
Lapatianci
Lemavi
Leuni – Minho (Portugal).
Limici – Lima River banks, Minho (Portugal) and Galicia (Spain).
Louguei
Luanqui – Trás-os-Montes (Portugal).
Naebisoci/Aebisoci
Namarii
Namarini
Narbasi -Minho (Portugal) and Galicia (Spain).
Nemetati – Minho (Portugal).
Nerii
Poemani
Quaquerni/Querquerni – Minho (Portugal).
Seurbi – Minho (Portugal).
Seurri – Sarria Municipality, East Central Galicia (Spain)
Tamagani – Chaves (Portugal).
Turodi – Trás-os-Montes (Portugal) and Galicia (Spain).
Varri
Gauls (Galli) – Some gaulish tribes may have migrated towards south and crossed the Pyrenees (by the north, the central or the south areas of the mountains) in a second or a third Celtic wave to the Iberian Peninsula. These tribes were different from the Hispano-Celtic/Iberian Celtic tribes.
Galli (tribe) – along Gallicus (Gállego) river banks, see place names (toponyms) like Forum Gallorum, Gallur, a different tribe from the Suessetani; may have been a tribe related to the Galli (Gauls) and not to the Hispano-Celts/Iberian Celts.
Mantesani/Mentesani/Mantasani – La Mancha Plateau, Castilla-La Mancha (Spain); were a different people from the Oretani.
Oretani – northeastern Andalusia, northwest Múrcia and southern fringes of La Mancha, (Spain), mountains of the headwaters of the Guadalquivir (ancient Baetis river); Some consider them not Celtic [3].
Plentauri – Northwestern La Rioja (Spain).
Suessetani - Aragon and Navarra (Spain)
Turmodigi or Turmogi - Central Burgos.
Vaccaei – North Central Iberian meseta (Spain), middle Duero river basin.
Cauci (Vaccaei) – in Cauca (Coca, Segovia)
Varduli – today's East Basque Country, they may have been Celtic (see Late Basquisation), they were later assimilated by the Vascones in the 6th and 7th centuries CE; Some consider them not Celtic, may have been a Pre-Celtic Indo-European people as the Lusitani and Vettones could have been. If their language was not Celtic it may have been Para-Celtic like Ligurian (i.e. an Indo-European language branch not Celtic but more closely related to Celtic). [4].
Volcae
Volciani – may have been a tribe related to the Volcae and not to the Hispano-Celts/Iberian Celts (i.e. the Celts of the Iberian Peninsula). Located north of the Iberus (Ebro) river but not very precisely.
Ulterior Iberia (Hispania Ulterior)[edit]
Hispania Ulterior ("Further Hispania", "Hispania that is Beyond", from the perspective of the Romans) was a region of Hispania during the Roman Republic, roughly located in what would become the provinces of Baetica (that included the Baetis, Guadalquivir, valley of modern Spain) and extending to all of Lusitania (modern south and central Portugal, Extremadura and a small part of Salamanca province).
Celtici – Portugal south of the Tagus River and north of Guadiana River (Anas), Alentejo and Algarve (Portugal), western Extremadura (Spain), (tribal confederation).
Cempsi
Conii – according to some scholars, Conii and Cynetes were two different peoples or tribes and the names were not two different names of the same people or tribe; in this case, the Conii may have dwelt along the northern banks of the middle Anas (Guadiana) river, in today's western Extremadura region of Spain, and were a Celtici tribe wrongly confused with the Cynetes of Cyneticum (Algarve) that dwelt from the west banks of the Low Anas (Guadiana) river further to the south (the celticization of the Cynetes by the Celtici confused the distinction between the two peoples or tribes).[21]
Mirobrigenses
Sefes/Saefes
Celtici of Arunda (Ronda) – southernmost Celtic tribe, in south Turdetania, later Baetica Roman province, (in today's western Málaga Province), Andalucia region.
Cynetes – Cyneticum (today's Algarve region) and Low Alentejo (Portugal); originally probably Tartessians or similar, later celtized by the Celtici; according to some scholars, Cynetes and Conii were two different peoples or tribes[21] [5].
Lusitanians (Lusitani/Bellitani) – Portugal south of the Douro River and north of Tagus River, and northwestern Extremadura (Spain). Currently, the Lusitanians are not considered a Celtic group; their language does not meet the accepted criteria for celticity and the physical evidence supporting a Celtic culture is not clear. Attempts to classify the language have also pointed at an Italic origin.[22] Hence Lusitanian language may have been a Para-Celtic Indo-European branch like Ligurian (i.e. an Indo-European language branch not Celtic but more closely related to Celtic). The Lusitanians have also been identified as being a pre-Celtic Indo-European speaking Iberian culture closely related to the neighbouring Vettones tribal confederation.[21] However, under their controversial theory of Celtic originating in Iberia, John T Koch and Barry Cunliffe have proposed a para-Celtic identity for the Lusitanian language and culture.
Arabrigenses
Aravi
Coelarni/Colarni
Interamnienses
Lancienses
Lancienses Oppidani
Lancienses Transcudani
Ocelenses Lancienses
Meidubrigenses
Paesuri – Douro and Vouga (Portugal).
Palanti (according to some scholars, these tribes were Lusitanians and not Vettones)[21]
Calontienses
Caluri
Coerenses
Tangi
Elbocori
Igaeditani
Tapori/Tapoli – River Tagus, around the border area of Portugal and Spain.
Talures
Veaminicori
Turdetani – Today's Western Andalucia (Hispania Baetica), Baetis (Guadalquivir) River valley and basin, Marianus Mons (Sierra Morena), some consider them Celtic.,[23] may have been Pre-Celtic Indo-European people as the Lusitani and Vettones. If their language was not Celtic it may have been Para-Celtic like Ligurian (i.e. an Indo-European language branch not Celtic but more closely related to Celtic). Also may have been a non-Indo-European people related to the Iberians, but not the same people. A tribal confederation but with a much more centralized power, may have formed an early form of Kingdom or a Proto-civilisation (see Tartessos)
Cilbiceni – approximately in today's Cádiz Province
Elbisini/Eloesti/Olbisini – in today's Huelva Province
Etmanei – in the middle area of Baetis river (Guadalquivir) course and surrounding region, approximately in today's Córdoba Province
Gletes/Galetes/Ileates – in Marianus Mons (Sierra Morena), approximately in today's northern areas of the provinces of Huelva, Seville and Córdoba
Turdetani/Tartessii Proper – in the low course of Baetis river (Guadalquivir) and surrounding region, approximately in today's Seville Province
Turduli – Guadiana valley (Portugal) and Extremadura (Spain); may have been related to Lusitanians, Callaeci or Turdetani.
Turduli Baetici/Turduli Baetures - Baeturia/Baeturia Turdulorum (ancient northern region of Baetica Province), south and east of the Anas (Guadiana) river and northern slope of Marianus Mons (Sierra Morena), Southern Extremadura region, Badajoz Province, Portugal Southeastern corner, East Beja District, Alentejo region.
Turduli Bardili – Setubal Peninsula (Portugal); may have been related to Lusitanians, Callaeci or Turdetani.
Turduli Oppidani – Estremadura (Portugal); may have been related to Lusitanians, Callaeci or Turdetani.
Turduli Veteres – Southern Douro banks, between Douro and Vouga River, Aveiro District, (Portugal); may have been related to Lusitanians, Callaeci or Turdetani.
Vettones – Ávila and Salamanca (Spain), may have been a Pre-Celtic Indo-European people, closely related to the Lusitani. If their language was not Celtic it may have been Para-Celtic like Ligurian (i.e. an Indo-European language branch not Celtic but more closely related to Celtic). A tribal confederation.
Bletonesii – Bletisama (today's Ledesma) was their main centre, Salamanca Province, Spain.
Calontienses? (according to some scholars, these tribes were Lusitanians and not Vettones)[21]
Caluri?
Coerenses?
Balkans[edit]
Illyria[edit]
See also: List of ancient tribes in Illyria and Celticization
Some closely fit the concept of a tribe. Others are confederations or even unions of tribes.
Tribes in Illyricum and environs during AD 6 showing the extent of Celtic influence
This list includes tribes parts of which migrated to Illyria.
Arabiates[24]
Belgites[25]
Boii[26]
Celegeri[27]
Celengeri[citation needed]
Cornacates[28]
Hercuniates[29]
Iapodes/Japodes[30][31]
Posenoi,[32] a community of the Iapodes
Latobici,[33]
Scordisci[34]
Dindari or Dindarii (Greek Δινδάριοι),[35] a tribe that was a branch of the Scordisci.[36]
Serrapilli[citation needed]
Serretes[37]
Tricornenses[38]
Varciani[33]
Moesia, Thrace and Dacia (Moesia, Thracia, Dacia)[edit]
Some closely fit the concept of a tribe. Others are confederations or even unions of tribes.
See also: List of ancient tribes in Thrace and Dacia
Tribes in Thrace before the Roman period.
This list includes tribes parts of which migrated to Dacia and Thrace.
Anartes/Anartii/Anartoi - Celts assimilated by Dacians[4] Areas of modern Slovakia and modern Northern Hungary, north of the Tysia/Tibiscus (Tisza) river, north of the Teuriscii.
Bastarnae,[39][40] Celtic or Germanic, and according to Livy "the bravest nation on earth"
Boii[41]
Eravisci[41]
Gauls of Tylis[42]
Scordisci[43]
Serdi[44][45]
Teuriscii - A branch of the Celtic Taurisci (originally from Noricum) in the Tysia/Tibiscus (Tisza) river basin south of the Anartes/Anartii/Anartoi. Celts assimilated by Dacians[4]
Anatolia/Asia Minor[edit]
In the 3rd century BC, Gauls immigrated from Thrace into the highlands of central Anatolia (modern Turkey), that was called Galatia after that. These people, called Galatians, were eventually Hellenized,[46][47] but retained many of their own traditions. Some closely fit the concept of a tribe. Others are confederations or even unions of tribes.
Galatians
Aigosages,[48] between Troy and Cyzicus
Daguteni,[48] in modern Marmara region around Orhaneli
Inovanteni,[48] east of the Trocnades
Okondiani,[48] between Phrygia and Galatia northeast of modern Akşehir Gölü
Rigosages,[48] unlocated
Tectosages,[48] in Galatia
Tolistobogii,[48] in Galatia
Trocmii,[48] in Galatia (easternmost known Celtic tribe)
Trocnades,[48] in Phrygia around modern Sivrihisar
Territory of Gaezatorix,[48] between Bithynia and Galatia at modern Bolu (unknown tribe)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Diachronic distribution of Celtic peoples:
core Hallstatt territory, by the 6th century BCE
maximal Celtic expansion, by 275 BCE
Lusitanian and Vettonian area of Iberian Peninsula where Celtic presence is uncertain, Para-Celtic?
the six Celtic nations which retained significant numbers of Celtic speakers into the Early Modern period
areas where Celtic languages remain widely spoken today
This is a list of Celtic tribes, listed in order of the Roman province (after Roman conquest) or the general area in which they lived. This geographical distribution of Celtic tribes does not imply that tribes that lived in the same general geographical area were more related. Some tribes' or tribal confederation's names are listed under more than one region because they dwelt in several of them.
Contents [hide]
1 Central Europe
2 Gaul (Gallia)
2.1 Cisalpine Gaul (Gallia Cisalpina)
2.2 Transalpine Gaul (Gallia Transalpina)
3 Great Britain (Britannia)
4 Ireland (Hibernia)
5 Iberian Peninsula (Hispania)
5.1 Citerior Iberia (Hispania Citerior)
5.2 Ulterior Iberia (Hispania Ulterior)
6 Balkans
6.1 Illyria
6.2 Moesia, Thrace and Dacia (Moesia, Thracia, Dacia)
7 Anatolia/Asia Minor
8 See also
9 Notes
10 References
11 External links
Central Europe[edit]
Map showing the Roman district (probably not yet a full province by then) of Raetia et Vindelicia, as it stood in AD 14, with some Raeti tribal names
Ancient tribes in the middle Danube river basin around 1st C. BCE
Central and northern Illyrian tribes and neighbouring Celtic tribes to the North and Northwest during the Roman period.
Central Europe, roughly upper Danube river basin and neighboring regions, is hypothesized as the original area of the Celts (Proto-Celts), corresponding to the Hallstatt Culture. Some closely fit the concept of a tribe. Others are confederations or even unions of tribes.
Agri Decumates
Helvetii – original dwellers of the region, unknown named tribes of the Helvetii tribal confederation, also dwelt to the South and Southwest in Helvetia (modern day Switzerland). Decumates may have meant "Ten Cantons".
Latobrigi/Latovici - uncertain location, maybe to the north or northeast of the Helvetii in the upper Danube (Danubius) and upper Rhine river basins, original dwellers of the region.
Tulingi – localisation unclear, possibly Southern Germany, Switzerland or Austria; also may have been a Germanic tribe.
Bohemia and Moravia
Boii – a tribal confederation, originally from today's Bohemia (Western Czech Republic), dwelt in Hercynia Silva, north of the Danuvius (Danube) river, but dispersed through migrations to other regions of Europe, to areas of modern Slovakia, Germany, Austria, Hungary and Northern Italy[1]
Bohemian Boii - roughly in today's Bohemia
Danubian Boii/Pannonian Boii - in Pannonia, today's Western Hungary.
Volcae - a tribal confederation, originally from today's Moravia (Eastern Czech Republic), Central and Upper Danube basin (Slovakia, Austria, South Germany), dwelt in Hercynia Silva, north of the Danuvius (Danube) river, but dispersed through migrations to other regions of Europe (Southern Gaul) and Asia Minor/Anatolia (Galatia).
Moravian Volcae - roughly in today's Moravia.
Noricum
Norici/Taurisci - a tribal confederation
Alauni - in the middle Aenus river basin (Inn river), east of the Aenus in the Eastern Alps, Chiemsee and Attersee lakes region.
Ambidravi/Ambidrani - in the upper and middle Dravus (Drau/Drava) river basin in the Eastern Alps and also in the Mur/Mura river basin, today's Carinthia and Styria, Austria.
Ambilici - in the Dravus (Drau/Drava) river basin, east of the Ambidravi/Ambidrani (today's Southeast Austria and Northeast Slovenia).
Ambisontes/Ambisontii - in the Alpes Noricae (East Central Alps), in the upper Salzach river basin.
Norici/Nori - may have been a tribe of the larger Taurisci tribal federation; in the Eastern Alps and in the Mur/Mura and Schwarza rivers basins and other areas, today's Styria and Lower Austria (Austria) south of the Danubius (Danube).
Sevaces - in the low Aenus river basin (Inn river), east of the Aenus and south of the Danubius (Danube), roughly in today's Upper Austria.
Pannonia
Arabiates - areas of modern Western Hungary and eastern Austria, west of Danubius (Danube) river.
Belgites - areas of modern Western Hungary, west of Danubius (Danube) river.
Cornacates - areas of modern Western Hungary, west of Danubius (Danube) river.
Cotini – areas of modern Slovakia and Western Hungary, west of Danubius (Danube) river.
Eravisci/Aravisci – areas of modern Western Hungary, west of Danubius (Danube) river, Aquincum (modern Budapest) was in their territory.
Hercuniates/Hercuniatae - areas of modern Western Hungary, west of Danubius (Danube) river.
Latobici/Latovici - not the same tribe as the Latobrigi but could be related, areas of modern Western Hungary, west of Danubius (Danube) river.
Scordisci – areas of modern Serbia, Croatia, Austria, Romania, west of Danubius (Danube) river.
Serrapilli - areas of modern Western Hungary, west of Danubius (Danube) river.
Serretes - areas of modern Western Hungary, west of Danubius (Danube) river.
Varciani – areas of modern Slovenia, Croatia.
Rhaetia
Rhaetian people – central parts of present-day Switzerland, the Tyrol in Austria, and the Alpine regions of northeastern Italy. There is evidence that the non-Celtic (and Pre-Indo-European) elements (see Tyrsenian languages) had, by the time of Augustus, been assimilated by the influx of Celtic tribes and had adopted Celtic speech.[2] In addition, the abundance of Celtic toponyms and the complete absence of Etruscan place names in the Rhaetian territory, leads to the conclusion that, by the time of Roman conquest, the Rhaetians were completely Celticized.[3]
Benlauni - Upper valley of fl. Aenus (r. Inn) in today's North Tirol, Austria, along with the Breuni (may have been older dwellers than the Breuni), not the same as the Breuni, Pons Aeni (modern Wasserburg) was their main centre.
Breuni/Brenni/Breones - Upper valley of fl. Aenus (r. Inn) in today's North Tirol, Austria, and Val Bregna and around Brenner Mountain; also may have been an Illyrian tribe and not a Rhaetian one.
Brixenetes/Brixentes/Brixantae - Upper valley of fl. Athesis (r. Adige) in today's South Tirol, Italy, around Bressanone/Brixen.
Calucones/Culicones - Calanda (upper valley of fl. Rhenus - r. Rhine) in today's Grisons Canton, Switzerland and Valtellina, Colico.
Camunni/Camuni - Val Camonica (river Oglio) in today's Brescia Province (Lombardia, Italy); also may have been a tribe of the Euganei and not a Rhaetian tribe.
Consuanetae/Cosuanetes/Cotuantii? - Upper and middle valley of fl. Isarus (r. Isar) (Bavarian Alps) in today's Upper Bavaria, Germany; also may have been a tribe of the Vindelici (a tribal confederacy), named Cotuantii (if they are the same).
Focunates - Upper valley of fl. Aenus (r. Inn) in today's North Tirol, Austria, neighbours to Genaunes and Breuni.
Genaunes/Genauni - Upper valleys of the fl. Aenus (r. Inn) and the Athesis (Adige) in today's Tirol (North Tirol and South Tirol); also may have been an Illyrian tribe and not a Rhaetian one; east of the Lepontii.
Isarci - Valley of fl. Isarcus (r. Isarco) in today's South Tirol, Italy.
Leponti/Lepontii/Leipontii/Lepontes - Val Leventina and Val d'Ossola in today's Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola, Piemonte, Italy; also may not have been a Rhaetian tribe but instead a Gaulish tribe; west of the Genaunes/Genauni.
Medoaci - close to the Meduacum (Brenta) source, Ausugum (Borgo Valsugana) was their main town.
Mesiales - south of the Lepontii.
Naunes - in Val di Non, Trento Province.
Querquani - in Quero area (today's Belluno Province, Veneto Region).
Runicates/Rucinates/Rucantii? - Between rivers Isarus (Isar) and Danuvius (Danube), Low Bavaria; also may have been a tribe of the Vindelici (a tribal confederation).
Rugusci/Ruigusci/Rucantii? Upper Engadin (fl. Aenus - r. Inn) in today's Grisons canton, Switzerland.
Suanetes/Suanitae/Sarunetes - Upper Rhenus (Upper Rhine) and Valley of r. Albula in today's Grisons canton, Switzerland.
Tridentini - in the middle Athesis (Adige) river basin.
Trumpilini/Trumplini - Val Trompia in today's Brescia Province, Italy; also may have been a tribe of the Euganei and not a Rhaetian tribe.
Vennonetes/Vennones/Vennonienses - Upper valley of fl. Rhenus (r. Rhine) in today's Saint Gallen Canton, Switzerland; also may not have been a Rhaetian tribe but instead a tribe of the Vindelici (a tribal confederation).
Venostes - Vinschgau (It. Val Venosta) (fl. Athesis - r. Adige) in today's South Tirol, Italy.
Vindelicia
Latobrigi – localisation unclear, possibly Southern Germany or Austria near the Upper Rhine, some migrated to Gaul.
Vindelici – a tribal confederation, areas of modern Southern Germany (Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg), in the upper Danube river basin.
Brigantii – in the Lacus Brigantinus (Lake Konstanz) area, Brigantia (Bregenz) was the main centre, in the border areas of modern Germany, Austria and Switzerland, north of the Vennonetes/Vennones/Vennonienses.
Catenates - South of the Danubius (Danube), in the low Licus (Lech) river area, Augusta Vindelicorum region (today's Augsburg), north of the Licates.
Consuanetae/Cosuanetes/Cotuantii? - Upper and middle valley of fl. Isarus (r. Isar) (Bavarian Alps) in today's Upper Bavaria, Germany.
Estiones - South of the Danubius (Danube), in the Ilargus (Roth) and Riss rivers area, including today's Ulm area (between modern Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg), Cambodunum (today's Kempten) was one of their towns.
Leuni - in the Isarus (Isar) and Ammer (Amper) river areas, Munich area, Bavaria.
Licates - in the Licus (Lech) river valley, south of the Catenates.
Runicates/Rucinates/Rucantii? - Between rivers Isarus (Isar) and Danuvius (Danube), Low Bavaria.
Vennonetes/Vennones/Vennonienses - Upper valley of fl. Rhenus (r. Rhine) in today's Saint Gallen Canton, Switzerland, south of the Brigantii.
West Carpathians
Anartes/Anartoi – Celts assimilated by Dacians.[4] Areas of modern Slovakia and modern Northern Hungary, north of the Tysia/Tibiscus (Tisza) river.
Cotini/Gotini – areas of modern Slovakia, west of the Anartes, and areas of Western Hungary, south of Lacus Pelsodis/Pelso (Lake Balaton).
Lugii – areas of modern southwestern and southern Poland; also may have been a Germanic tribe.
Osi/Osii – areas of modern Slovakia[5]
Gaul (Gallia)[edit]
See also: List of peoples of Gaul
Cisalpine Gaul (Gallia Cisalpina)[edit]
Peoples of Italy during the 4th to 3rd centuries BC. Celtic tribes in orange.
Celtic tribes in brown. The Umbrians were of mixed Italo-Celtic origin.[6][7][8]
Cisalpine Gaul (Gallia Cisalpina), also called Gallia Citerior or Gallia Togata,[9] was the part of Italy continually inhabited by Celts since the 13th century BC.[10] Conquered by the Roman Republic in the 220s BC, it was a Roman province from c. 81 BC until 42 BC, when it was merged into Roman Italy.[11] Until that time, it was considered part of Gaul, precisely that part of Gaul on the "hither side of the Alps" (from the perspective of the Romans), as opposed to Transalpine Gaul ("on the far side of the Alps").[12]
Aedui – According to Livy (v. 34), they took part in the expedition of Bellovesus into Italy in the 6th century BC
Ambarri – According to Livy (v. 34), they took part in the expedition of Bellovesus into Italy in the 6th century BC
Ambidravi – Located on the north-eastern border of Italy where it meets modern central Austria
Anani – Western Emilia, Po Valley, (Fidentia, Province of Piacenza)
Anamares – Minor tribe whose precise location along the southern bank of the River Padus in Italy is uncertain
Anares – Middle Po Valley, Placentia (Piacenza, Province of Piacenza)
Arverni – According to Livy (v. 34), they took part in the expedition of Bellovesus into Italy in the 6th century BC
Aulerci – According to Livy (v. 34), they took part in the expedition of Bellovesus into Italy in the 6th century BC
Bituriges – According to Livy (v. 34), they took part in the expedition of Bellovesus into Italy in the 6th century BC
Boii – Central Emilia-Romagna (Bologna)
Camunni – in the Valcamonica and Valtellina valleys of the Central Alps. Some consider them to be Celtic.[13]
Carni – Northern Friuli
Carnutes – According to Livy (v. 34), they took part in the expedition of Bellovesus into Italy in the 6th century BC
Catubrini - In the Alps Southeastern slopes, close to Atesis (Adige river) and near Tridentum (Trento), to the Southwest of the Carni.
Caturiges – Near the border between France and Italy
Cenomani – Eastern Lombardy (Brixia, Cremona)
Ceutrones – Near the border between France and Italy
Gaesatae – Migrated from France to Italy to fight in the battle of Telamon
Graioceli/Garocelli – Northwestern Piedmont in the Graian Alps
Insubres – Western Lombardy (Milan)
Lepontii – Northern Lombardy, North-eastern Piedmont and Switzerland in the Lepontine Alps
Libici – Between Duria Bautica/Duria Maior (Dora Baltea) and Sesites/Sessites (Sesia) rivers.
Medulli – Near the border between France and Italy
Lingones – North-eastern Emilia-Romagna (Ferrara), Po Valley
Orobii or Orumbovii – Central Lombardy (Bergamo)
Salassi – Aosta Valley and Canavese (Northern Piedmont) (Ivrea)
Salyes – According to Livy (v. 34), they took part in the expedition of Bellovesus into Italy in the 6th century BC
Seduni – Near the border between Switzerland and Italy
Segusini (or Cottii) – Western Piedmont on Cottian Alps (Susa)
Senones – South-eastern Emilia-Romagna (Rimini) and Northern Marche (Senigallia)
Taurini – Piedmont (Turin)
Veragri – Near the border between Switzerland and Italy
Vertamocorii – Eastern Piedmont (Novara)
Ligures – Northern Mediterranean Coast straddling South-east French and North-west Italian coasts, including Northern Tuscany and Corsica. Because of the strong Celtic influences on their language and culture, they were known already in antiquity as Celto-Ligurians (in Greek Κελτολίγυες, Keltolígues).[14] Very little is known about this language (mainly place names and personal names remain) which is generally believed to have been Celtic or Para-Celtic;[15][16] (i.e. an Indo-European language branch not Celtic but more closely related to Celtic).
Apuani – Eastern Liguria from the Northern Apennines Mountains to the mediterranean coast.
Bagienni (or Vagienni) – (in the area of Bene Vagienna)
Briniates (or Boactes) – (in the area of Brugnato)
Deciates – (in modern Provence, west of the river Var)
Friniates – (in the area now called Frignano)
Garuli – (in the area of Cenisola)
Genuates – (in the area of Genua - Genova)
Hercates –
Ilvates (or Iluates) – (if different from the Iriates) (on the island of Elba)
Ingauni – Western Liguria from the Northern Apennines Mountains and Ligurian Alps to the mediterranean coast.
Intemelii - Western Liguria from the Ligurian Alps to the mediterranean coast, west of the Ingauni, in the Albium Intemelium area (today's Ventimiglia).
Laevi – a ligurian tribe that dwelt in the low Ticinus river (Ticino), according to both Livy & Pliny.[17] According to Livy (v. 34), they took part in the expedition of Bellovesus into Italy in the 6th century BC
Lapicini (or Lapicinii) – In the extreme northern regions of Liguria, as it was defined in Roman times, on a tributary of the Magra
Marici – (near the confluence of the rivers Orba, Bormida and Tanaro)
Statielli – on the road from Vada Sabatia, near Savona to Dertona (Tortona) and Placentia
Tigulli – from the Northern Apennines Mountains to the mediterranean coast, west of the Apuani.
Tricastini –
Transalpine Gaul (Gallia Transalpina)[edit]
Map of Gaul (58 BC) with important tribes, towns, rivers, etc.
The various Gallic peoples before the Roman conquest
Transalpine Gaul, meaning literally "Gaul on the other side of the Alps" or "Gaul across the Alps", is approximately modern Belgium, France, and Switzerland, in what would become the Roman provinces of Gallia Narbonensis, Gallia Celtica (later Lugdunensis and Aquitania) and Gallia Belgica. The Roman province of Gaul (Gallia) included both Celtic-speaking and non-Celtic-speaking tribes. Some closely fit the concept of a tribe. Others are confederations or even unions of tribes.
List of peoples of Gaul (with their capitals/major settlements):
Abrincatui
Adenates – slopes of the Western Alps (Maurienne-Modanne)
Aedui/Haedui – Bibracte (tribal confederation)
Aedui proper
Ambivareti
Aulerci Brannovices/Brannovii/Blannovii (a southern branch of the Aulerci but within the Aedui tribal confederation)
Adunicates – Andon area
Agenisates/Angesinates – Angoumois
Agnutes – Vendee
Albici – Middle and Lower Durance river valley (tribal confederation)
Albienses/Albici Proper
Vordenses
Vulgientes
Allobroges/Allobriges – Vienne
Ambarri
Ambibarii/Ambivarii – Armorica
Ambiliates/Ambilatres – Low Liger (Loire) river
Anagnutes
Andecamulenses
Andecavi/Andes – Angers
Antobroges
Armoricani/Aremoricii
Arverni – Gergovia (tribal confederation)
Arverni proper
Gabali
Arvii
Atacini – Aussière
Atesui
Aulerci (tribal confederation)
Aulerci Cenomani – Le Mans
Aulerci Diablintes
Aulerci Eburovices
Avantices
Avatici – Camargue
Baiocasses – Bayeux
Bebryces (Gauls) – in southern Gaul, south of the Volcae Arecomici, close to Narbo (Narbonne) region.
Belendi/Pelendi – Belinum territory (Belin-Béliet), in the middle Sigmatis river (in today's Leyre river) area, south of the Bituriges Vivisci and the Boii Boiates; they may have been related to the Pellendones (a Celtiberian tribe), not an Aquitanian tribe.
Belgae[18] (according to classical authors, see Caesar's De Bello Gallico, they were a different people and spoke a different language from the Gauls and Britons; they were clearly an Indo-European people and may have spoken a Celtic language, although there is a remote possibility that their language may have been Pre-Celtic Indo-European. If their language was not Celtic it may have been Para-Celtic like Ligurian (i.e. an Indo-European language branch not Celtic but more closely related to Celtic; see Ancient Belgian language). They dwelt in Belgica, parts of Britannia, and may have dwelt in parts of Hibernia and also of Hispania) (large tribal confederation).
Ambiani – Amiens
Ambivareti
Atrebates – Arras
Bellovaci – Beauvais
Caleti/Caletes – Harfleur (Caracotinum), later Lillebonne (Juliobona)
Catuslogi
Eburones (mixed Belgae and Germani cisrhenani people)
Leuci – Toul (Tullum Leucorum)
Mediomatrici – Metz
Menapii – Cassel
Morini – Boulogne-sur-Mer
Nervii – Bavay, (tribal confederation)
Ceutrones (Belgae)
Geidumni
Grudii
Levaci
Nervii Proper
Pleumoxii
Remi – Reims
Silvanectii – Senlis
Suessiones – Soissons (Suessetani may have been related, result of a migration towards south)[citation needed]
Tencteri – Rhine east bank, may have been a Celtic tribe (and not a Germanic one) or a mixed Belgae and Germani tribe.
Treveri – Trier
Usipetes – Rhine east bank, may have been a Celtic tribe (and not a Germanic one) or a mixed Belgae and Germani tribe.
Veliocasses/Velicasses/Velocasses – Rouen
Viromandui – Noyon
Bipedimui/Pimpedunni
Bituriges Cubi – Bourges
Bituriges Vivisci – Bordeaux (Burdigala)
Bodiontici
Boii – Boui near Entrain[1]
Boii Boiates/Boviates/Boates – La Tête de Buch, probably around Arcachon Bay and northwest of Landes (departement), in the Pays de Buch and Pays de Born, may have been a Celtic tribe or a mixed Celtic-Aquitanian tribe.
Bramovices – Low Tarentaise, Savoy
Briganii – Briançon, High Durance river valley
Cadurci – Cahors
Caeresi
Cambolectres
Carnutes – Autricum (Chartres), Cenabum/Genabum (Orleans)
Catalauni – Châlons-en-Champagne
Caturiges – Chorges, High Durance river valley
Cavares/Cavari – North of Low Durance, Arausio (Orange), (tribal confederation)
Cavares Proper
Meminii
Ceutrones/Centrones – Moûtiers
Chalbici – Chablais
Coriosolites/Curiosolitae – Corseul
Corisopiti
Edenates
Eleuterii
Elycoces
Epomandui
Esubii/Esuvii/Sesuvii – Ubaye Valley
Euburiates
Gaesatae/Gaesati
Garites – in and around Gariès in the west banks of Garumna river (Garonne), northwest of Tolosa (Toulouse), southwest of Montauban, northwest of the Volcae Tectosages.
Garumni – along the banks of the high Garumna river (Garonne), southwest of the Volcae Tectosages, and in and around Lugdunum Convenarum, among the Convenae (an Aquitani tribe or group of tribes).
Geloni
Graioceli/Garocelli
Helvetii – La Tène, (tribal confederation).
Tigurini – Yverdon
Tougeni
Verbigeni
Unknown named tribe (Helvetii Proper?)
Helvii/Elvi
Iconii – Gap
Insubres
Lemovices – Limoges
Lexovii – Lisieux
Ligures - A Celtic related people, closer to the Celts.
Deciates - a tribe that dwelt in the region of Antipolis (Antibes) west of the river Varus (Var).
Elisyces/Helisyces - a tribe that dwelt in the region of Narbo (Narbonne) and modern northern Roussillon. May have been either Iberian or Ligurian or a Ligurian-Iberian tribe.
Oxybii - a Ligurian tribe that dwelt on the Mediterranean coast near Massalia (Marseille).
Lingones
Mandubii – Alesia
Medulli – Vienne
Medulli Meduci – Médoc
Meldi – Marne (Matrona) – Meaux
Namnetes – Nantes
Nantuates/Nantuatae
Nemalones
Nemeturii – High Var river valley
Nitiobroges/Nitiobriges
Osismii
Parisii – Paris
Petrocorii – Périgueux
Pictones/Pictavi – Poitiers
Quariates
Raurici/Rauraci – Kaiseraugst (Augusta Raurica)
Redones – Rennes
Reieni
Ruteni – Rodez
Sagii
Salyes/Salluvii (may have been a Celtic tribe or a mixed Celtic-Ligurian tribe)
Santones – Saintes
Savincates
Seduni – High Rhône river valley, Sion (Middle Valais, Switzerland)
Segovellauni
Segusiavi/Segobriges
Segusini
Senates – in Aquitania, south of the Garumna (Garonne) river, but not an Aquitanian tribe
Senones – Sens
Sentienes – Senez
Sequani – Besançon
Tornates/Turnates
Tricasses/Tricassini
Tricorii
Triviatii
Trones
Turones/Turoni – Tours
Uberi/Viberi – High Rhône river valley, Upper Valais
Unelli/Venelli – Coutances
Vadicasses/Vadicassii
Veamini
Vediantii
Vellavi/Velaunii – Ruessium
Veneti – Vannes
Veragri
Vergunni – Vinon-sur-Verdon
Veroduni
Vertamocori – Vercors
Vesubiani – Vésubie
Viducasses – Vieux
Vocontii – Vaison-la-Romaine (in modern Provence, on the east bank of the Rhône)
Volcae Arecomici - in today's Languedoc
Volcae Tectosages/Tolosates – Toulouse
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Iron Age tribes in Gaul
Great Britain (Britannia)[edit]
Northern Britain about the year 150 CE
Southern Britain about the year 150 CE
Wales about the year 40 CE
See also: Iron Age tribes in Britain
Britannia was the name Romans gave, based on the name of the people: the Britanni. Some closely fit the concept of a tribe but others are confederations or even unions of tribes.
Ancalites (uncertain: speculatively Hampshire and Wiltshire)
Attacotti (origin uncertain)
Belgae[18] (Wiltshire and Hampshire) (according to classical authors, see Caesar's De Bello Gallico, they were a different people and spoke a different language from the Gauls and Britons; they were clearly an Indo-European people and may have spoken a Celtic language, although there is a remote possibility that their language may have been Pre-Celtic Indo-European; they dwelt in Belgica, parts of Britannia, and may have dwelt in parts of Hibernia and also of Hispania)
Atrebates – an important Belgic tribe of today's Southern England, in Berkshire
Belgae (tribe) – Belgic tribe, in today's England's south coast, Isle of Wight, Hampshire, Wiltshire
Catuvellauni (Hertfordshire) – Belgic tribe, neighbours of the Iceni, they joined in their rebellion
Regnenses/Regni – Belgic tribe, in today's East Hampshire, Sussex and Surrey
Bibroci (mentioned by Caesar, location uncertain but possibly Berkshire)
Boresti (sometimes Horesti) (In or near Fife, Scotland according to Tacitus)
Brigantes (an important tribe in most of Northern England and in the south-east corner of Ireland)
Cantiaci (in present-day Kent which preserves the ancient tribal name)
Carvetii (Cumberland)
Cassi (mentioned by Caesar, possibly south-east England)
Cateni (north and west of Sutherland) – they gave the county its Gaelic name Cataibh
Cenimagni (mentioned by Caesar, perhaps the same as the Iceni)
Corieltauvi/Coritani (East Midlands including Leicester)
Corionototae (possibly a tribe) (Northumberland)
Cornovii (Midlands)
Damnonii (Southwestern Scotland)
Deceangli (Flintshire, Wales)
Demetae (Dyfed, Wales)
Dobunni (Cotswolds and Severn valley)
Dumnonii (Devon, Cornwall, Somerset)
Cornovii (Cornwall) (a sub-tribe, or sept, of the Dumnonii)
Durotriges (Dorset, south Somerset, south Wiltshire)
Gabrantovices
Gangani (Llŷn Peninsula, Wales)
Iceni (East Anglia) – under Boudica, they rebelled against Roman rule)
Novantae (Galloway and Carrick)
Ordovices (Gwynedd, Wales) – they waged guerrilla warfare from the north Wales hills
Parisii (East Riding of Yorkshire)
Picts (possibly a different people from the Britons, but were probably also Celtic; If their language was not Celtic it may have been Para-Celtic like Ligurian (i.e. an Indo-European language branch not Celtic but more closely related to Celtic). A tribal confederation.
Caledones (along the Great Glen)
Carnonacae (western Highlands)
Caereni (far western Highlands)
Cornovii (Caithness)/Cornavii (northernmost known Celtic tribe)
Creones (Argyll)
Decantae or Ducantae (eastern Ross and Black Isle)
Epidii (Kintyre and neighboring islands)
Lugi (southern Sutherland)
Smertae (central Sutherland)
Taexali (Angus and Grampian)
Vacomagi (in and around the Cairngorms)
Venicones (Fife and south-west Tayside in Scotland)
Tribe of unknown name in the Orkney Islands (may have been Picts)
Tribe of unknown name in the Shetland Islands (may have been Picts)
Tribe of unknown name in the Faroe Islands (may have been Picts)
Scotti (western portion of Scotland)
Segontiaci (probably south-east England)
Selgovae (Dumfriesshire and the Stewartry of Kirkcudbright)
Setantii (possibly a tribe) (Lancashire)
Silures (south Wales) – resisted the Romans in present-day south Wales
Trinovantes/Trinobantes (Essex) – neighbours of the Iceni, they joined in their rebellion
Votadini/Otadini (north-east England and south-east Scotland) – they later formed Gododdin
[show] v t e
Iron Age tribes in Britain
Ireland (Hibernia)[edit]
See also: List of Irish kingdoms and Túath
The population groups (tribes and tribal confederations) of Ireland (Iouerníā/Hibernia) mentioned in Ptolemy's Geographia in a modern interpretation.
According to Ptolemy's Geography (2nd century AD):
Autini (or Auteini/Uaithni) (Auteinoi)
Brigantes (Hibernia)
Cauci (or Kauki) (Kaukoi)
Coriondi (or Koriondoi)
Darini (Darinoi)
Eblani (or Ebdani/Blani) (Eblanioi)
Erdini (or Erpeditani) (Erdinoi)
Gangani (or Concani) (Ganganoi)
Iverni (or Iwerni) (Iwernoi)
Manapii (Manapioi)
Nagnatae (or Nagnatai/Magnatae) (Magnatai)
Robogdii (or Redodi) (Rhobogdioi)
Usdiae (or Udiae/Udiai/Vodiae/Wodiai) (Usdiai)
Uterni
Velabri (or Vellabori/Wellabori) (Wellaboroi)
Vennicnii (or Wennikni) (Wenniknioi)
Volunti (or Wolunti) (Woluntioi) – identifiable with the Ulaidh/Uluti[19]
[show] v t e
Ptolemy's Ireland
Iberian Peninsula (Hispania)[edit]
Main language areas in Iberia c. 300 BC
Territory of the Celtiberi, mixed Celtic and Iberian tribes or Celtic tribes influenced by Iberians, with the possible location of the tribes.
See also: Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula
The Celts in the Iberian peninsula were traditionally thought of as living on the edge of the Celtic world of the La Tène culture that defined classical Iron Age Celts. Earlier migrations were Hallstatt in culture and later came La Tène influenced peoples. Celtic or (Indo-European) Pre-Celtic cultures and populations existed in great numbers and Iberia experienced one of the highest levels of Celtic settlement in all of Europe. They dwelt in northern, central and western regions of Iberian Peninsula, but also in several southern regions. The Roman province of Hispania included both Celtic speaking and non-Celtic speaking tribes. Some closely fit the concept of a tribe. Others are confederations or even unions of tribes.
Citerior Iberia (Hispania Citerior)[edit]
Hispania Citerior ("Nearer Hispania", "Hispania that is Closer", from the perspective of the Romans), was a region of Hispania during the Roman Republic, roughly occupying the northeastern coast and the Iberus (Ebro) Valley and later the eastern, central, northern and northwestern areas of the Iberian peninsula in what would become the Tarraconensis Roman province (of what is now Spain and northern Portugal).
Allotriges – Northwestern La Rioja (Spain).
Astures – Asturias and northern León (Spain), and east of Trás os Montes (Portugal), (tribal confederation).
Cismontani
Amaci
Cabruagenigi
Gigurri
Lancienses
Lougei
Orniaci
Superatii
Susarri/Astures Proper
Tiburi
Zoelae – Eastern Trás-os-Montes (Portugal), (Miranda do Douro).
Transmontani
Baedunienses
Brigaentini
Cabarci
Iburri
Luggones/Lungones
Paenii
Paesici
Saelini
Vinciani
Viromenici
Autrigones – east Burgos (Spain).
Bebryaces/Berybraces – unknown location, may have been related to the Bebryces (gauls) or the Berones, there is also the possibility that it was an old name of the Celtiberians.
Berones – La Rioja (Spain).
Cantabri – Cantabria, part of Asturias and part of Castile-Leon (Spain); some consider them not Celtic, may have been Pre-Celtic Indo-European as could have been the Lusitani and Vettones [1]. If their language was not Celtic it may have been Para-Celtic like Ligurian (i.e. an Indo-European language branch not Celtic but more closely related to Celtic). A Tribal confederation.
Avarigines
Blendii/Plentusii/Plentuisii
Camarici/Tamarici
Concani
Coniaci/Conisci
Moroecani
Noegi
Orgenomesci
Salaeni/Selaeni
Vadinienses
Vellici/Velliques
Caristii/Carietes – today's West Basque Country, they may have been Celtic (see Late Basquisation), they were later assimilated by the Vascones in the 6th and 7th centuries CE; Some consider them not Celtic, may have been a Pre-Celtic Indo-European people as the Lusitani and Vettones could have been. [2]. If their language was not Celtic it may have been Para-Celtic like Ligurian (i.e. an Indo-European language branch not Celtic but more closely related to Celtic).
Carpetani – Central Iberian meseta (Spain), in the geographical centre of the Iberian Peninsula, in a large part of today's Castilla-La Mancha and Madrid regions. A tribal confederation with 27 identified tribes.[20]
Aelariques -
Aeturiques -
Arquioci - in Iplacea, roman named Complutum (today's Alcalá de Henares) region.
Acualiques -
Bocouriques -
Canbarici - in Toletum (Toledo) region.
Contucianci - in Segobriga region.
Dagencii -
Doviliques -
Duitiques -
Duniques -
Elguismiques -
Langioci -
Longeidoci -
Maganiques -
Malugeniques -
Manuciques -
Maureici -
Mesici -
Metturici -
Moenicci -
Obisodiques - in Toletum (Toledo) region
Pilonicori -
Solici -
Tirtaliques - in Segobriga region.
Uloques -
Venatioques -
Celtiberians – Eastern Iberian meseta (Spain), mountains of the headwaters of the rivers Douro, Tagus, Guadiana (Anas), Júcar, Jalón (river), Jiloca (river) and Turia (river), (tribal confederation). Mixed Celtic and Iberian tribes or Celtic tribes influenced by Iberians, the majority of Celtic tribes in the Iberian Peninsula were not Celtiberians.
Arevaci
Belli
Cratistii
Lobetani
Lusones – Western Zaragoza (province), Eastern Guadalajara (Spain).
Olcades
Pellendones/Cerindones, in high Duero river course (Numantia) and neighboring mountains, may also have been related to the Pelendi/Belendi that dwelt in the middle Sigmatis river, today's Leyre (river).
Titii (Celtiberian)
Turboletae/Turboleti
Uraci/Duraci
Gallaecians or Callaici – Gallaecia (Spain & Portugal), (tribal confederation).
Addovi/Iadovi
Aebocosi
Albiones/Albioni – western Asturias (Spain).
Amphiloci
Aobrigenses
Arroni/Arrotrebi
Arrotrebae/Artabri – Northern Galicia (Spain).
Aunonenses
Baedi
Banienses – around Baião Municipality, Eastern Porto District, (Portugal).
Biballi
Bracari/Callaeci/Gallaeci Proper – Southeastern Braga District, Braga, Western Porto District, Oporto, (Portugal).
Brigantes (Callaici tribe) – Northern Bragança District, Bragança, (Portugal).
Caladuni
Capori
Celtici Praestamarici
Celtici Supertamarici
Cibarci
Cileni
Coelerni/Aquaflavienses – Braga District, Vila Real District (Chaves), (Portugal) and Ourense (Spain).
Egi
Egovarri
Equaesi – Minho and Trás-os-Montes (Portugal).
Grovii – Minho (Portugal) and Galicia (Spain).
Iadones
Interamici/Interamnici – Trás-os-Montes (Portugal).
Lapatianci
Lemavi
Leuni – Minho (Portugal).
Limici – Lima River banks, Minho (Portugal) and Galicia (Spain).
Louguei
Luanqui – Trás-os-Montes (Portugal).
Naebisoci/Aebisoci
Namarii
Namarini
Narbasi -Minho (Portugal) and Galicia (Spain).
Nemetati – Minho (Portugal).
Nerii
Poemani
Quaquerni/Querquerni – Minho (Portugal).
Seurbi – Minho (Portugal).
Seurri – Sarria Municipality, East Central Galicia (Spain)
Tamagani – Chaves (Portugal).
Turodi – Trás-os-Montes (Portugal) and Galicia (Spain).
Varri
Gauls (Galli) – Some gaulish tribes may have migrated towards south and crossed the Pyrenees (by the north, the central or the south areas of the mountains) in a second or a third Celtic wave to the Iberian Peninsula. These tribes were different from the Hispano-Celtic/Iberian Celtic tribes.
Galli (tribe) – along Gallicus (Gállego) river banks, see place names (toponyms) like Forum Gallorum, Gallur, a different tribe from the Suessetani; may have been a tribe related to the Galli (Gauls) and not to the Hispano-Celts/Iberian Celts.
Mantesani/Mentesani/Mantasani – La Mancha Plateau, Castilla-La Mancha (Spain); were a different people from the Oretani.
Oretani – northeastern Andalusia, northwest Múrcia and southern fringes of La Mancha, (Spain), mountains of the headwaters of the Guadalquivir (ancient Baetis river); Some consider them not Celtic [3].
Plentauri – Northwestern La Rioja (Spain).
Suessetani - Aragon and Navarra (Spain)
Turmodigi or Turmogi - Central Burgos.
Vaccaei – North Central Iberian meseta (Spain), middle Duero river basin.
Cauci (Vaccaei) – in Cauca (Coca, Segovia)
Varduli – today's East Basque Country, they may have been Celtic (see Late Basquisation), they were later assimilated by the Vascones in the 6th and 7th centuries CE; Some consider them not Celtic, may have been a Pre-Celtic Indo-European people as the Lusitani and Vettones could have been. If their language was not Celtic it may have been Para-Celtic like Ligurian (i.e. an Indo-European language branch not Celtic but more closely related to Celtic). [4].
Volcae
Volciani – may have been a tribe related to the Volcae and not to the Hispano-Celts/Iberian Celts (i.e. the Celts of the Iberian Peninsula). Located north of the Iberus (Ebro) river but not very precisely.
Ulterior Iberia (Hispania Ulterior)[edit]
Hispania Ulterior ("Further Hispania", "Hispania that is Beyond", from the perspective of the Romans) was a region of Hispania during the Roman Republic, roughly located in what would become the provinces of Baetica (that included the Baetis, Guadalquivir, valley of modern Spain) and extending to all of Lusitania (modern south and central Portugal, Extremadura and a small part of Salamanca province).
Celtici – Portugal south of the Tagus River and north of Guadiana River (Anas), Alentejo and Algarve (Portugal), western Extremadura (Spain), (tribal confederation).
Cempsi
Conii – according to some scholars, Conii and Cynetes were two different peoples or tribes and the names were not two different names of the same people or tribe; in this case, the Conii may have dwelt along the northern banks of the middle Anas (Guadiana) river, in today's western Extremadura region of Spain, and were a Celtici tribe wrongly confused with the Cynetes of Cyneticum (Algarve) that dwelt from the west banks of the Low Anas (Guadiana) river further to the south (the celticization of the Cynetes by the Celtici confused the distinction between the two peoples or tribes).[21]
Mirobrigenses
Sefes/Saefes
Celtici of Arunda (Ronda) – southernmost Celtic tribe, in south Turdetania, later Baetica Roman province, (in today's western Málaga Province), Andalucia region.
Cynetes – Cyneticum (today's Algarve region) and Low Alentejo (Portugal); originally probably Tartessians or similar, later celtized by the Celtici; according to some scholars, Cynetes and Conii were two different peoples or tribes[21] [5].
Lusitanians (Lusitani/Bellitani) – Portugal south of the Douro River and north of Tagus River, and northwestern Extremadura (Spain). Currently, the Lusitanians are not considered a Celtic group; their language does not meet the accepted criteria for celticity and the physical evidence supporting a Celtic culture is not clear. Attempts to classify the language have also pointed at an Italic origin.[22] Hence Lusitanian language may have been a Para-Celtic Indo-European branch like Ligurian (i.e. an Indo-European language branch not Celtic but more closely related to Celtic). The Lusitanians have also been identified as being a pre-Celtic Indo-European speaking Iberian culture closely related to the neighbouring Vettones tribal confederation.[21] However, under their controversial theory of Celtic originating in Iberia, John T Koch and Barry Cunliffe have proposed a para-Celtic identity for the Lusitanian language and culture.
Arabrigenses
Aravi
Coelarni/Colarni
Interamnienses
Lancienses
Lancienses Oppidani
Lancienses Transcudani
Ocelenses Lancienses
Meidubrigenses
Paesuri – Douro and Vouga (Portugal).
Palanti (according to some scholars, these tribes were Lusitanians and not Vettones)[21]
Calontienses
Caluri
Coerenses
Tangi
Elbocori
Igaeditani
Tapori/Tapoli – River Tagus, around the border area of Portugal and Spain.
Talures
Veaminicori
Turdetani – Today's Western Andalucia (Hispania Baetica), Baetis (Guadalquivir) River valley and basin, Marianus Mons (Sierra Morena), some consider them Celtic.,[23] may have been Pre-Celtic Indo-European people as the Lusitani and Vettones. If their language was not Celtic it may have been Para-Celtic like Ligurian (i.e. an Indo-European language branch not Celtic but more closely related to Celtic). Also may have been a non-Indo-European people related to the Iberians, but not the same people. A tribal confederation but with a much more centralized power, may have formed an early form of Kingdom or a Proto-civilisation (see Tartessos)
Cilbiceni – approximately in today's Cádiz Province
Elbisini/Eloesti/Olbisini – in today's Huelva Province
Etmanei – in the middle area of Baetis river (Guadalquivir) course and surrounding region, approximately in today's Córdoba Province
Gletes/Galetes/Ileates – in Marianus Mons (Sierra Morena), approximately in today's northern areas of the provinces of Huelva, Seville and Córdoba
Turdetani/Tartessii Proper – in the low course of Baetis river (Guadalquivir) and surrounding region, approximately in today's Seville Province
Turduli – Guadiana valley (Portugal) and Extremadura (Spain); may have been related to Lusitanians, Callaeci or Turdetani.
Turduli Baetici/Turduli Baetures - Baeturia/Baeturia Turdulorum (ancient northern region of Baetica Province), south and east of the Anas (Guadiana) river and northern slope of Marianus Mons (Sierra Morena), Southern Extremadura region, Badajoz Province, Portugal Southeastern corner, East Beja District, Alentejo region.
Turduli Bardili – Setubal Peninsula (Portugal); may have been related to Lusitanians, Callaeci or Turdetani.
Turduli Oppidani – Estremadura (Portugal); may have been related to Lusitanians, Callaeci or Turdetani.
Turduli Veteres – Southern Douro banks, between Douro and Vouga River, Aveiro District, (Portugal); may have been related to Lusitanians, Callaeci or Turdetani.
Vettones – Ávila and Salamanca (Spain), may have been a Pre-Celtic Indo-European people, closely related to the Lusitani. If their language was not Celtic it may have been Para-Celtic like Ligurian (i.e. an Indo-European language branch not Celtic but more closely related to Celtic). A tribal confederation.
Bletonesii – Bletisama (today's Ledesma) was their main centre, Salamanca Province, Spain.
Calontienses? (according to some scholars, these tribes were Lusitanians and not Vettones)[21]
Caluri?
Coerenses?
Balkans[edit]
Illyria[edit]
See also: List of ancient tribes in Illyria and Celticization
Some closely fit the concept of a tribe. Others are confederations or even unions of tribes.
Tribes in Illyricum and environs during AD 6 showing the extent of Celtic influence
This list includes tribes parts of which migrated to Illyria.
Arabiates[24]
Belgites[25]
Boii[26]
Celegeri[27]
Celengeri[citation needed]
Cornacates[28]
Hercuniates[29]
Iapodes/Japodes[30][31]
Posenoi,[32] a community of the Iapodes
Latobici,[33]
Scordisci[34]
Dindari or Dindarii (Greek Δινδάριοι),[35] a tribe that was a branch of the Scordisci.[36]
Serrapilli[citation needed]
Serretes[37]
Tricornenses[38]
Varciani[33]
Moesia, Thrace and Dacia (Moesia, Thracia, Dacia)[edit]
Some closely fit the concept of a tribe. Others are confederations or even unions of tribes.
See also: List of ancient tribes in Thrace and Dacia
Tribes in Thrace before the Roman period.
This list includes tribes parts of which migrated to Dacia and Thrace.
Anartes/Anartii/Anartoi - Celts assimilated by Dacians[4] Areas of modern Slovakia and modern Northern Hungary, north of the Tysia/Tibiscus (Tisza) river, north of the Teuriscii.
Bastarnae,[39][40] Celtic or Germanic, and according to Livy "the bravest nation on earth"
Boii[41]
Eravisci[41]
Gauls of Tylis[42]
Scordisci[43]
Serdi[44][45]
Teuriscii - A branch of the Celtic Taurisci (originally from Noricum) in the Tysia/Tibiscus (Tisza) river basin south of the Anartes/Anartii/Anartoi. Celts assimilated by Dacians[4]
Anatolia/Asia Minor[edit]
In the 3rd century BC, Gauls immigrated from Thrace into the highlands of central Anatolia (modern Turkey), that was called Galatia after that. These people, called Galatians, were eventually Hellenized,[46][47] but retained many of their own traditions. Some closely fit the concept of a tribe. Others are confederations or even unions of tribes.
Galatians
Aigosages,[48] between Troy and Cyzicus
Daguteni,[48] in modern Marmara region around Orhaneli
Inovanteni,[48] east of the Trocnades
Okondiani,[48] between Phrygia and Galatia northeast of modern Akşehir Gölü
Rigosages,[48] unlocated
Tectosages,[48] in Galatia
Tolistobogii,[48] in Galatia
Trocmii,[48] in Galatia (easternmost known Celtic tribe)
Trocnades,[48] in Phrygia around modern Sivrihisar
Territory of Gaezatorix,[48] between Bithynia and Galatia at modern Bolu (unknown tribe)
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