Behringer UB222FX Mixer - problem with noise (hiss)
D.M.
Several months ago I purchased a Behringer Eurorack UB222-FX mixer
from a guy at a very low price who told me the unit was too noisy for
his needs. Well he was right, although I thought he had just set it
up wrong. Is there a common underlying cause for background noise
(hiss) being too high?
Thanks,
Dan Montgomery
Phil Allison
"D.M."
>
> Several months ago I purchased a Behringer Eurorack UB222-FX mixer
** That would be a UB2222FX-PRO - right ?
> from a guy at a very low price who told me the unit was too noisy for
> his needs.
** The UB2222FX-PRO is described as "Ultra Low Noise 22 input ... " design.
Mic inputs rated at -129dB EIN unweighted.
Main outs rated at -93 dB.
> Well he was right, although I thought he had just set it
> up wrong. Is there a common underlying cause for background noise
> (hiss) being too high?
** How are you using this mixer ?
Live music, recording conversations at 50 paces or picking up the sound made
by marching ants ??
Is there any point to your Q beyond mere curiosity ?
.... Phil
Le...@here.com
A bad transistor (or chip) can produce noise, but usually that would affect only
one channel... sometimes a bad power supply can screw everything up as well...
all the bias would change perhaps to a noisy area of operation...
More info needed! How are you using it and with what? How do you determine how
noisy it is, what do you compare it with... etc.
Mickey
Is this with no inputs connected, or does it change? Are you an experienced
sound pro that automatically thought of that, and checked what happens when
you turn the trim/gain down on all channels?
--
Mickey
Fast, reliable, cheap. Pick two and we'll talk.
-- unknown
Arny Krueger
"D.M." <d...@nowhere.nowhere> wrote in message
news:jj0r251scoo93gdui...@4ax.com...
> Several months ago I purchased a Behringer Eurorack UB222-FX mixer
> from a guy at a very low price who told me the unit was too noisy for
> his needs.
Odd, because Behringer mixers while not SOTA, are generally not wildly
noisy.
I've mixed a number of events with Behringer mixers, using both dynamic and
condenser mics. I prefer other mixers, but there's nothing about the little
Behrs that make them impossible to use for small events. I've used worse!
> Well he was right, although I thought he had just set it
> up wrong.
Under what operating conditions?
> Is there a common underlying cause for background noise
> (hiss) being too high?
Inappropriate gain structure.
Eeyore
"D.M." wrote:
Usually, having the wrong 'gain structure', i.e. applying gain in the
wrong places in the signal chain and running faders at significantly
below 'zero' which will also help the mixer clip more easily.
Graham
--
due to the hugely increased level of spam please make the obvious
adjustment to my email address
Eeyore
Arny Krueger wrote:
> "D.M." <d...@nowhere.nowhere> wrote
>
> > Several months ago I purchased a Behringer Eurorack UB222-FX mixer
> > from a guy at a very low price who told me the unit was too noisy for
> > his needs.
>
> Odd, because Behringer mixers while not SOTA, are generally not wildly
> noisy.
Absolutely true. In performance per buck they're probably unbeatable.
> I've mixed a number of events with Behringer mixers, using both dynamic and
> condenser mics. I prefer other mixers, but there's nothing about the little
> Behrs that make them impossible to use for small events. I've used worse!
>
> > Well he was right, although I thought he had just set it
> > up wrong.
>
> Under what operating conditions?
>
> > Is there a common underlying cause for background noise
> > (hiss) being too high?
>
> Inappropriate gain structure.
Strongly seconded.
liquidator
"Eeyore" <rabbitsfriend...@notcoldmail.com> wrote in message
news:4A2FE086...@notcoldmail.com...
How ya been?
Phildo
"D.M." <d...@nowhere.nowhere> wrote in message
news:jj0r251scoo93gdui...@4ax.com...
Hiss could well be coming from the inbuilt FX unit. Check your gain
structure so you have the max possible signal going to the unit without
clipping it.
Phildo
Phildo
> due to the hugely increased level of spam please make the obvious
> adjustment to
> my email address
Wondered why you kept escaping my killfile.
Phildo
nandan21
I too had same problem with my Behringer UB2442. I am a bit
experienced guy, in the field and yes the problem is mostly due to
internal power supply fault. You need to check it.
Eeyore
liquidator wrote:
> "Eeyore" <rabbitsfriend...@notcoldmail.com> wrote
> > "D.M." wrote:
> >
> >> Hello all,
> >> Several months ago I purchased a Behringer Eurorack UB222-FX mixer
> >> from a guy at a very low price who told me the unit was too noisy for
> >> his needs. Well he was right, although I thought he had just set it
> >> up wrong. Is there a common underlying cause for background noise
> >> (hiss) being too high?
> >
> > Usually, having the wrong 'gain structure', i.e. applying gain in the
> > wrong places in the signal chain and running faders at significantly
> > below 'zero' which will also help the mixer clip more easily.
> >
> > Graham
>
> How ya been?
Not so bad thanks. Yourself ?
Eeyore
nandan21 wrote:
> On Jun 9, 2:32 am, D.M. <d...@nowhere.nowhere> wrote:
> > Hello all,
> > Several months ago I purchased a Behringer Eurorack UB222-FX mixer
> > from a guy at a very low price who told me the unit was too noisy for
> > his needs. Well he was right, although I thought he had just set it
> > up wrong. Is there a common underlying cause for background noise
> > (hiss) being too high?
>
> I too had same problem with my Behringer UB2442. I am a bit
> experienced guy, in the field and yes the problem is mostly due to
> internal power supply fault. You need to check it.
It is VERY unlikely a PSU fault will create hiss. HUM maybe but that's
totally different.
I doubt you have much in the way of tech credentials. And zero credibility
now.
Tim Perry
In my direct experience with one of my mixers a power supply problem caused
the FX return to be hissy and noisy. The rest of the board worked fine.
Unfortunately it was a MX series not a UB. Problem was no +5 to run the FX.
liquidator
>
>
> liquidator wrote:
>
>> "Eeyore" <rabbitsfriend...@notcoldmail.com> wrote
>> > "D.M." wrote:
>> >
>> >> Hello all,
>> >> Several months ago I purchased a Behringer Eurorack UB222-FX mixer
>> >> from a guy at a very low price who told me the unit was too noisy for
>> >> his needs. Well he was right, although I thought he had just set it
>> >> up wrong. Is there a common underlying cause for background noise
>> >> (hiss) being too high?
>> >
>> > Usually, having the wrong 'gain structure', i.e. applying gain in the
>> > wrong places in the signal chain and running faders at significantly
>> > below 'zero' which will also help the mixer clip more easily.
>> >
>> > Graham
>>
>> How ya been?
>
> Not so bad thanks. Yourself ?
>
> Graham
>
>
Creaking and groaning, otherwise fine...
Phil Allison
"Eeysore Pommy Scum "
> nandan21 wrote:
> D.M. <
>> > Hello all,
>> > Several months ago I purchased a Behringer Eurorack UB222-FX mixer
>> > from a guy at a very low price who told me the unit was too noisy for
>> > his needs. Well he was right, although I thought he had just set it
>> > up wrong. Is there a common underlying cause for background noise
>> > (hiss) being too high?
>>
>> I too had same problem with my Behringer UB2442. I am a bit
>> experienced guy, in the field and yes the problem is mostly due to
>> internal power supply fault. You need to check it.
>
> It is VERY unlikely a PSU fault will create hiss. HUM maybe but that's
> totally different.
** A faulty PSU CAN generate noise all through a mixing desk - the
noise is coupled into the ground conductors of the PCB via the DC rail
bypass caps and so invades all the virtual earth mixing busses
A faulty or oscillating regulator IC is the usual cause.
Better desks ( ie Soundcraft / Spirit etc ) have RC de-coupling on every
channel to eliminate the effect of PSU noise.
> I doubt you have much in the way of tech credentials. And zero credibility
> now.
** Make him on a par with YOU - scumbag.
... Phil
geoff
> ** A faulty PSU CAN generate noise all through a mixing desk - the
> noise is coupled into the ground conductors of the PCB via the DC
> rail bypass caps and so invades all the virtual earth mixing busses
>
> A faulty or oscillating regulator IC is the usual cause.
>
> Better desks ( ie Soundcraft / Spirit etc ) have RC de-coupling on
> every channel to eliminate the effect of PSU noise.
Also a higher than usual PSU voltage can make things start to get noise,
usually before they pop.
RC decoupling ? Dunno about the 'R'.
But even the cheapest devices have decoupling peppered all around, and the
effects of not having it would not be hiss..
geoff
Le...@here.com
>Phil Allison wrote:
>> ** A faulty PSU CAN generate noise all through a mixing desk - the
>> noise is coupled into the ground conductors of the PCB via the DC
>> rail bypass caps and so invades all the virtual earth mixing busses
>>
>> A faulty or oscillating regulator IC is the usual cause.
>>
>> Better desks ( ie Soundcraft / Spirit etc ) have RC de-coupling on
>> every channel to eliminate the effect of PSU noise.
>
>Also a higher than usual PSU voltage can make things start to get noise,
>usually before they pop.
>
>RC decoupling ? Dunno about the 'R'.
Maybe RF ? But a resistor or resistance of some kind is necessary for good
de-coupling... RC for RF!
>But even the cheapest devices have decoupling peppered all around, and the
>effects of not having it would not be hiss..
I once serviced a rotary mixer that had terrible hiss, found RF on the supply
rails, with my scope on maximum sweep there were countless cycles... super high
oscillation. I added lots of little bypass caps to try to get rid of it but it
wouldn't go away completely until I flew some caps directly from the regulator
chips (on the PCB) over to the star ground. Then I removed all the little
by-passes I had installed!! RF gone, hiss gone.
Phil Allison
"geoff"
> Phil Allison wrote:
>> ** A faulty PSU CAN generate noise all through a mixing desk - the
>> noise is coupled into the ground conductors of the PCB via the DC
>> rail bypass caps and so invades all the virtual earth mixing busses
>>
>> A faulty or oscillating regulator IC is the usual cause.
>>
>> Better desks ( ie Soundcraft / Spirit etc ) have RC de-coupling on
>> every channel to eliminate the effect of PSU noise.
>
> Also a higher than usual PSU voltage can make things start to get noise,
> usually before they pop.
>
> RC decoupling ? Dunno about the 'R'.
** The resistor used is between 22 and 56 ohms with a 47 to 100uF electro
to ground.
> But even the cheapest devices have decoupling peppered all around,
** Using multiple DC rail bypass electros is the cause of the problem. The
high combined value means that any noise generated by the regulator ICs is
imposed on the mixer's earth system.
..... Phil
Eeyore
Phil Allison wrote:
> "Eeysore Pommy Scum "
> > nandan21 wrote:
> > D.M. <
> >> > Hello all,
> >> > Several months ago I purchased a Behringer Eurorack UB222-FX mixer
> >> > from a guy at a very low price who told me the unit was too noisy for
> >> > his needs. Well he was right, although I thought he had just set it
> >> > up wrong. Is there a common underlying cause for background noise
> >> > (hiss) being too high?
> >>
> >> I too had same problem with my Behringer UB2442. I am a bit
> >> experienced guy, in the field and yes the problem is mostly due to
> >> internal power supply fault. You need to check it.
> >
> > It is VERY unlikely a PSU fault will create hiss. HUM maybe but that's
> > totally different.
>
> ** A faulty PSU CAN generate noise all through a mixing desk - the
> noise is coupled into the ground conductors of the PCB via the DC rail
> bypass caps and so invades all the virtual earth mixing busses
And it is VERY UNLIKELY as I said.
Eeyore
Phil Allison wrote:
So don't use electros dimwit. PLUS keep your main rail PSU audio band noise in
the 300-500 uV region ( easy ). Electros are just time bombs.
Phil Allison
"Eeysore Pommy Scum "
>> > nandan21 wrote:
>> >> > Several months ago I purchased a Behringer Eurorack UB222-FX mixer
>> >> > from a guy at a very low price who told me the unit was too noisy
>> >> > for
>> >> > his needs. Well he was right, although I thought he had just set it
>> >> > up wrong. Is there a common underlying cause for background noise
>> >> > (hiss) being too high?
>> >>
>> >> I too had same problem with my Behringer UB2442. I am a bit
>> >> experienced guy, in the field and yes the problem is mostly due to
>> >> internal power supply fault. You need to check it.
>> >
>> > It is VERY unlikely a PSU fault will create hiss. HUM maybe but that's
>> > totally different.
>>
>> ** A faulty PSU CAN generate noise all through a mixing desk - the
>> noise is coupled into the ground conductors of the PCB via the DC rail
>> bypass caps and so invades all the virtual earth mixing busses
>
> And it is VERY UNLIKELY as I said.
** Like the congenitally autistic FUCKWIT you are - your comment is based
on the WRONG CONTEXT !!
That the mixer is noisy is the given situation.
When a mixer like the Behringer HAS excessively noisy channels and/or the
buss systems, a noisy PSU reg IC it is the MOST likely cause.
..... Phil
Phil Allison
"Eeysore = Steaming Great FUCKWIT ""
> Phil Allison wrote:
> "geoff"
>> > Phil Allison wrote:
>> >> ** A faulty PSU CAN generate noise all through a mixing desk -
>> >> the
>> >> noise is coupled into the ground conductors of the PCB via the DC
>> >> rail bypass caps and so invades all the virtual earth mixing busses
>> >>
>> >> A faulty or oscillating regulator IC is the usual cause.
>> >>
>> >> Better desks ( ie Soundcraft / Spirit etc ) have RC de-coupling on
>> >> every channel to eliminate the effect of PSU noise.
>> >
>> > Also a higher than usual PSU voltage can make things start to get
>> > noise,
>> > usually before they pop.
>> >
>> > RC decoupling ? Dunno about the 'R'.
>>
>> ** The resistor used is between 22 and 56 ohms with a 47 to 100uF
>> electro
>> to ground.
>>
>> > But even the cheapest devices have decoupling peppered all around,
>>
>> ** Using multiple DC rail bypass electros is the cause of the problem.
>> The
>> high combined value means that any noise generated by the regulator ICs
>> is
>> imposed on the mixer's earth system.
>
> So don't use electros dimwit.
** WRONG CONTEXT AGAIN !!
you FUCKING POMMY MORON !!!
> PLUS keep your main rail PSU audio band noise in
> the 300-500 uV region ( easy ). Electros are just time bombs.
** Electros used for rail decoupling in mixers are VERY unlikely to fail
( ie go high ESR) during the life of the unit.
OTOH using tantalums instead is the act of an utter fool.
..... Phil
geoff
>
> So don't use electros dimwit. PLUS keep your main rail PSU audio band
> noise in the 300-500 uV region ( easy ). Electros are just time bombs.
Cheap-and-nasty ones are. Others aren't.
What product have you designed with no electros in the PSU ?
geoff
Eeyore
Phil Allison wrote:
> "Eeysore = Steaming Great FUCKWIT ""
> > Phil Allison wrote:
> > "geoff"
> >> > Phil Allison wrote:
> >> >> ** A faulty PSU CAN generate noise all through a mixing desk -
> >> >> the noise is coupled into the ground conductors of the PCB via the DC
> >> >> rail bypass caps and so invades all the virtual earth mixing busses
> >> >>
> >> >> A faulty or oscillating regulator IC is the usual cause.
> >> >>
> >> >> Better desks ( ie Soundcraft / Spirit etc ) have RC de-coupling on
> >> >> every channel to eliminate the effect of PSU noise.
> >> >
> >> > Also a higher than usual PSU voltage can make things start to get
> >> > noise, usually before they pop.
> >> >
> >> > RC decoupling ? Dunno about the 'R'.
> >>
> >> ** The resistor used is between 22 and 56 ohms with a 47 to 100uF
> >> electro to ground.
Unnecessary with a quiet PSU. Use 1% resistors in the front end instead.
> >> > But even the cheapest devices have decoupling peppered all around,
> >>
> >> ** Using multiple DC rail bypass electros is the cause of the problem.
> >> The high combined value means that any noise generated by the regulator
> ICs
> >> is imposed on the mixer's earth system.
> >
> > So don't use electros dimwit.
>
> ** WRONG CONTEXT AGAIN !!
>
> you FUCKING POMMY MORON !!!
>
> > PLUS keep your main rail PSU audio band noise in
> > the 300-500 uV region ( easy ). Electros are just time bombs.
>
> ** Electros used for rail decoupling in mixers are VERY unlikely to fail
> ( ie go high ESR) during the life of the unit.
>
> OTOH using tantalums instead is the act of an utter fool.
Large value capacitors are NOT NEEDED for rail decoupling in this size of
mixer..
Eeyore
geoff wrote:
> Eeyore wrote:
> >
> > So don't use electros dimwit. PLUS keep your main rail PSU audio band
> > noise in the 300-500 uV region ( easy ). Electros are just time bombs.
>
> Cheap-and-nasty ones are. Others aren't.
ALL electros have a limited life in decoupling applications..
> What product have you designed with no electros in the PSU ?
I didn't say "in the PSU". I said on the mixer channels where I restrict
them to signal coupling.
Phil Allison
"Eeysore Insane Pommy Cunt "
> >>
>> >> ** The resistor used is between 22 and 56 ohms with a 47 to 100uF
>> >> electro to ground.
>
> Unnecessary with a quiet PSU.
** WRONG CONTEXT you FUCKING IMBECILE !!!!
> > So don't use electros dimwit.
>>
>> ** WRONG CONTEXT AGAIN !!
>>
>> you FUCKING POMMY MORON !!!
>
> Large value capacitors are NOT NEEDED for rail decoupling
** WRONG CONTEXT YET AGAIN !!
you FUCKING POMMY MORON !!!
..... Phil
Phil Allison
"Eeysore = Worlds BIGGEST IDIOT "
>
> ALL electros have a limited life in decoupling applications..
>
>
>> What product have you designed with no electros in the PSU ?
>
> I didn't say "in the PSU". I said on the mixer channels where I restrict
> them to signal coupling.
** Where their life is therefore much longer and failures are not
important - right ?
Graham has missed his true career
- he ought to be a stand up comic.
.... Phil
D.M.
That's right, it's a Behringer UB2222FX-PRO.
I wrote my original message in a rush, I guess I should have spelled
everything out more specifically.
I am a music recording hobbyist and I use my computer as a music
workstation to do recordings at home using multitrack sequencer
software, recording vocals and synthesizers through the mixer as a
preamp and into my soundcard (an M-Audio Delta 1010). I own several
other Behringer mixers as well as several other brands, and had never
encounterd a problem with significant background hiss.
I bought this unit used last year when it became available for a price
too cheap to pass up. I wanted it because I envisioned doing a live
performing act at some point and this mixer had channel inserts for
using my external hardware harmonizer and effects units.
When I brought the unit home, I plugged in a microphone large-capsule
condenser) and listened through headphones plugged into the headphone
jack. There seemed to be an excessive amount of background hiss, just
as the former owner had warned me. It was too obtrusive to be able to
use this for home studio recording.
I now have started playing and singing in a live band, so I will
likely use this unit in spite of background hiss since that won't be
quite so important.
It was more than mere curiousity, I was hoping to correct and
eliminated the problem.
thanks,
Dan
On Tue, 9 Jun 2009 08:51:06 +1000, "Phil Allison" <phi...@tpg.com.au>
wrote:
>
>"D.M."
>>
>> Several months ago I purchased a Behringer Eurorack UB222-FX mixer
>
>** That would be a UB2222FX-PRO - right ?
>
>
>> from a guy at a very low price who told me the unit was too noisy for
>> his needs.
>
>** The UB2222FX-PRO is described as "Ultra Low Noise 22 input ... " design.
>
> Mic inputs rated at -129dB EIN unweighted.
>
> Main outs rated at -93 dB.
>
>
>> Well he was right, although I thought he had just set it
>> up wrong. Is there a common underlying cause for background noise
>> (hiss) being too high?
>
>
>** How are you using this mixer ?
>
>Live music, recording conversations at 50 paces or picking up the sound made
>by marching ants ??
>
>Is there any point to your Q beyond mere curiosity ?
>
>
>
>.... Phil
>
>
D.M.
I did notice that the hiss was diminished somewhat when I completely
turned off the built-in FX. I'll get the unit out and check it again.
D.M.
D.M.
Is the PSU reg IC something that I can obtain and replace myself at a
reasonable cost do you think? I am a very good at soldering, learned
all about avaoiding bad solder joints as a kid building Heathkit
projects.
D.M.
On Tue, 23 Jun 2009 11:06:31 +1000, "Phil Allison" <phi...@tpg.com.au>
wrote:
>
Eeyore
Phil Allison wrote:
> "Eeysore Insane Pommy Cunt "
> > >>
> >> >> ** The resistor used is between 22 and 56 ohms with a 47 to 100uF
> >> >> electro to ground.
> >
> > Unnecessary with a quiet PSU.
>
> ** WRONG CONTEXT you FUCKING IMBECILE !!!!
Perfectly correct context. Unlike you, I actually design audio for both
specialist pro and mass production ( from Neve to Studiomaster ) and know
what the heck I'm talking about.
Eeyore
Phil Allison wrote:
> "Eeysore = Worlds BIGGEST IDIOT "
> >
> > ALL electros have a limited life in decoupling applications..
> >
> >> What product have you designed with no electros in the PSU ?
> >
> > I didn't say "in the PSU". I said on the mixer channels where I restrict
> > them to signal coupling.
>
> ** Where their life is therefore much longer and failures are not
> important - right ?
Never known a single decent quality brand fail ever in signal coupling when
correctly applied. It's ripple current and heat that kills electros. And yes,
OK, some designers didn't pay enough attention to cooling the internals which
can kill coupling caps. Not in a Behringer though. I'm talking of the consoles
that draw several kW of DC power. Neve did actually have to add 'air
conditioning' to a special model for ITV to cope with the problem. Not a LIVE
sound issue though.
Eeyore
"D.M." wrote:
> Phil,
> Is the PSU reg IC something that I can obtain and replace myself at a
> reasonable cost do you think? I am a very good at soldering, learned
> all about avaoiding bad solder joints as a kid building Heathkit
> projects.
Very likely but since Behringer provide NO user support for self-servicing ( as
policy ) , you'll have to work out the internals yourself.
Phil Allison
"Eeysore Insane Pommy Cunt "
> > >>
>> >> >> ** The resistor used is between 22 and 56 ohms with a 47 to 100uF
>> >> >> electro to ground.
>> >
>> > Unnecessary with a quiet PSU.
>>
>> ** WRONG CONTEXT you FUCKING IMBECILE !!!!
>
> Perfectly correct context.
** WRONG CONTEXT you FUCKING IMBECILE !!!!
WRONG CONTEXT YET AGAIN !!
Phil Allison
"D.M."
** Please do NOT post messages at the top of the page !!
> Is the PSU reg IC something that I can obtain and replace myself at a
> reasonable cost do you think? I am a very good at soldering, learned
> all about avaoiding bad solder joints as a kid building Heathkit
> projects.
** The noise YOU claim to be hearing needs to be confirmed as being unusual
for the model FIRST.
Then it needs to be further proven that it is due to PSU noise.
Before anyone goes hacking into the PCB.
..... Phil
--
wrote:
>
How's this. I'll make you a deal...I'll stop posting at the top of
the page, and maybe you quit being such a jerk. I don't need your
ridicule or your smug attitude. A simple answer like "No, this sounds
like something that is not easily corrected" would have sufficed.
Thank you and everyone else for taking the time to respond to my
question, I really do appreciate it.
D.M.
Phil Allison
<-->
"Phil Allison"
>"D.M."
>>
>>** Please do NOT post messages at the top of the page !!
>>
>>
>>> Is the PSU reg IC something that I can obtain and replace myself at a
>>> reasonable cost do you think? I am a very good at soldering, learned
>>> all about avaoiding bad solder joints as a kid building Heathkit
>>> projects.
>>
>>
>> ** The noise YOU claim to be hearing needs to be confirmed as being
>> unusual
>>for the model FIRST.
>>
>> Then it needs to be further proven that it is due to PSU noise.
>>
>> Before anyone goes hacking into the PCB.
>>
>
> the page, and maybe you quit being such a jerk. I don't need your
> ridicule or your smug attitude.
** Shame how what you need, pal , is not deliverabe via usenet.
> A simple answer like "No, this sounds
> like something that is not easily corrected" would have sufficed.
** That would have been a smug and useless answer.
Eeyore specialises in them.
OTOH - my post ACTUALLY says what needs to be done and why.
Fraid it went right over your pointy head.
...... Phil
Eeyore
Phil Allison wrote:
> "Eeysore Insane Pommy Cunt "
> > > >>
> >> >> >> ** The resistor used is between 22 and 56 ohms with a 47 to 100uF
> >> >> >> electro to ground.
> >> >
> >> > Unnecessary with a quiet PSU.
> >>
> >> ** WRONG CONTEXT you FUCKING IMBECILE !!!!
> >
> > Perfectly correct context.
>
> ** WRONG CONTEXT you FUCKING IMBECILE !!!!
RANTING impresses no-one Phil. Give it up.
Phil Allison
> >>
>> >> >> ** The resistor used is between 22 and 56 ohms with a 47 to 100uF
>> >> >> electro to ground.
>> >
>> > Unnecessary with a quiet PSU.
>>
>> ** WRONG CONTEXT you FUCKING IMBECILE !!!!
>
> Perfectly correct context.
** WRONG CONTEXT you FUCKING IMBECILE !!!!
WRONG CONTEXT YET AGAIN !!!!!
you FUCKING POMMY MORON !!!
The concept of context simply has NO meaning to a grossly autisic, manic
lunatic like Graham Stevenson.
..... Phil