December 24, 2003
No Joke! 37 Years After Death Lenny Bruce Receives Pardon
By JOHN KIFNER
Lenny Bruce, the potty-mouthed wit who turned stand-up comedy into social
commentary, was posthumously pardoned yesterday by Gov. George E. Pataki, 39
years after being convicted of obscenity for using bad words in a Greenwich
Village nightclub act.
The governor said the posthumous pardon - the first in the state's history
- was "a declaration of New York's commitment to upholding the First
Amendment."
"Freedom of speech is one of the greatest American liberties, and I hope
this
pardon serves as a reminder of the precious freedoms we are fighting to
preserve as we continue to wage the war on terror," Mr. Pataki said in a
statement.
Being dead, Mr. Bruce is not expected to reap any immediate benefit from the
pardon.
Fighting a four-month sentence to Rikers Island for a 1964 performance at
the
Cafe au Go Go, he fired his lawyers and botched the appeal. The New York
conviction on the misdemeanor obscenity charge made it almost impossible for
him to get work; he was declared bankrupt and died of a morphine overdose on
Aug. 3, 1966. He was 40.
Advocates of the First Amendment as well as his fellow comedians - who began
a petition drive this year for the pardon - rejoiced at the turn of events.
"You see, there is a God," said Ronald K. L. Collins, a scholar at the First
Amendment Center in Arlington, Va., a remark Mr. Bruce would have been
unlikely
to approve. Mr. Collins, with David M. Skover, wrote "The Trials of Lenny
Bruce: The Fall and Rise of an American Icon" (Sourcebooks Inc., 2002) and
was
active in the effort to gain a pardon.
"Obviously, we are very pleased with this development," said Robert
Corn-Revere, a Washington lawyer who wrote the main legal brief arguing for
the
pardon. "There is only one reason for Governor Pataki to do this: for the
principle of the thing."
Noting, as others did, that the cultural climate has changed, he said that
Mr.
Bruce's early 1960's monologues contained "words you wouldn't bat an eye at
today - you can hear them on any HBO offering."
The comedian's daughter, Kitty Bruce, 48, seemed ecstatic as she took
telephone
calls yesterday from newspapers and television networks at her home in
Pennsylvania.
"Isn't this wonderful? Isn't this a great day in America?" she said before
dissolving into laughter. "Boy, has this been nuts, or what?
"My dad had so much to say and so little time to say it," she added in a
more
somber tone. "This is what America is all about."
Martin Garbus, who was one of Mr. Bruce's lawyers in the obscenity trial,
said:
"Who could believe it? I think Bruce would be laughing and be furious at the
same time."
After hearing Mr. Pataki's statement, Mr. Garbus called a reporter back,
furious himself. "That's exactly the kind of appalling hypocrisy that Bruce
was
against, and I'm sure he would have built up a wonderful routine about it,"
Mr.
Garbus said.
Indeed, Governor Pataki's decision to pardon a symbol of the left came
during a
year in which he took many actions to shore up his Republican and
conservative
credentials, including supporting the Bush administration's antiterrorism
efforts, like the Patriot Act, which some civil libertarians see as a threat
to
the Bill of Rights.
Mr. Bruce, born Leonard Alfred Schneider in Mineola, N.Y., on Oct. 13, 1925,
got his first big break in the fall of 1948 on "Arthur Godfrey's Talent
Scouts," a notably wholesome venue. But his humor grew dark and edgy, filled
with scatological words and ethnic slurs, and his career was marked by drug
arrests and charges of obscene performances in Chicago, San Francisco and
Los
Angeles, which eventually came to naught. The New York conviction was his
only
one.
As Mr. Garbus and Nat Hentoff, the writer, jazz expert and defender of Mr.
Bruce, vividly recalled yesterday, New York was different. At a time when
the
counterculture was taking early steps in Greenwich Village, the Roman
Catholic
Church under Cardinal Francis Spellman held enormous political power in the
city; the headquarters of the archdiocese behind St. Patrick's Cathedral was
known in those days as the Powerhouse. No one seemed more offensive to the
cardinal and the Manhattan district attorney, Frank Hogan, than Lenny Bruce.
Mr. Hentoff recalled that Mr. Bruce had a routine that involved Christ and
Moses returning to Earth, passing through East Harlem and observing people
living in squalor, 25 to a room, then visiting Cardinal Spellman and
remarking
that his ring was so expensive it could support all the people they had
seen.
It was soon after the assassination of John F. Kennedy, and Mr. Bruce mocked
a
magazine photograph said to show Jackie Kennedy trying heroically to aid her
husband, saying she was really trying to flee.
Mr. Hogan was determined to stop Mr. Bruce. A license inspector named
Herbert
G. Ruhe was dispatched to the Cafe au Go Go to observe, and furtively
record,
Mr. Bruce's act.
Mr. Hogan had some difficulty finding a prosecutor on his staff, said Mr.
Garbus and Nicholas Scoppetta, now the fire commissioner and then a young
assistant district attorney. Mr. Scoppetta recalled that he and a group of
youthful prosecutors had seen Mr. Bruce's show a few nights before he was
arrested and had found it "brilliant." Mr. Scoppetta was one of those asked
to
try the case, but it was clear his heart would not be in it, he said.
Instead, Mr. Hogan settled on his chief assistant, Richard Kuh. "To say the
least, he was a very vigorous prosecutor," Mr. Hentoff remembered.
Politically
ambitious, Mr. Kuh ran to succeed Mr. Hogan in 1974, but was swamped by
Robert
M. Morgenthau, who was sharply critical of the Bruce prosecution. Mr. Kuh
did
not return a call to his office yesterday.
What Mr. Bruce said cannot, of course, be printed in a family newspaper, but
was duly described in testimony at the trial before a three-judge Criminal
Court panel headed by John M. Murtagh, regarded as one of the city's most
powerful judges. Savoring a few choice forbidden words, Mr. Collins
suggested
it contained "probably half the seven dirty words."
There is some confusion about what was actually said, Mr. Garbus remembered,
because the prosecution and defense transcripts of the tapes differed. A key
part of the prosecution case, he said, was the allegation that Mr. Bruce
wielded his microphone in a "masturbatory fashion," which Mr. Garbus
insisted
was never a part of the act.
When Mr. Ruhe testified in a monotone - in effect, performing his version of
Mr. Bruce's act - the comedian was heard in a stage whisper: "This guy's
bombing and I'm going to jail for it."
The defense called a number of character witnesses, and both Mr. Garbus and
Mr.
Hentoff recalled the appearance of Dorothy Kilgallen, a columnist for the
conservative Hearst newspaper, The New York Journal-American.
"They read off a string of all these obscenities," Mr. Hentoff remembered,
"and
she said, "Well, these are just words, words, words.' "
The owner of the Cafe au Go Go, Howard Solomon, was also convicted on
obscenity
charges, but successfully appealed the verdict in October 1965. As a result,
many people believed that Mr. Bruce, too, had been cleared.
After firing his lawyers, Mr. Bruce became obsessed with preparing his
appeal,
Mr. Hentoff and Mr. Garbus said, every surface in his hotel room covered
with
law books and legal briefs.
"He was surrounded by law books," Mr. Garbus said. "He'd come up with this
1868
London sheep case, which to him decided the case, and it was totally off the
wall. It was hopeless. He wanted to reach out and touch the judge as a human
being. He wanted to include the 1868 sheep case. It was pathetic.
"I saw the guy change," the lawyer went on. "He was a guy quickly sliding
down,
into drugs."
Mr. Collins added: "He was a great comedian, but he was a lousy lawyer."
Comedians hailed the pardon yesterday.
"Lenny was sentenced to jail for what you see nightly on HBO and the Comedy
Channel, except he was better," said Jules Feiffer, the cartoonist and
playwright, who testified for Mr. Bruce as an expert witness on satire at
the
trial. "The satirist in me is thrilled because it's hilarious. The point
might
have been better made while he was alive.
"Lenny is probably laughing aloud somewhere," he added. "Or he might even be
against the pardon at this late date. He'd be wearing the conviction as a
badge
of honor."
Tom Smothers, who signed the petition for pardon along with his brother Dick
- they had their own troubles with the censors - said: "So many of us today
owe so much to Lenny Bruce."
"If he showed up now, he'd be amazed that all these words were demystified,"
he
went on, adding: "It's a positive for the First Amendment, but now we have
to
exercise it, questioning hypocrisy and the status quo," he added. "You can
say
the dirty words now, but there is no content - political satire is limited
to
small podiums and little soap boxes."
Glenn Collins and Michelle O'Donnell contributed reporting for this article.
==========================================================
Paul Pearson
Linda
Will Dockery <irony...@knology.net> wrote in message
news:3fea59a6$1...@news1.knology.net...
Yes. A great day in Amaerica.
Will
"Greybeard Cavalier" Mp3, free preview:
http://my.lulu.com/content/26663
Will Dockery wrote:
> "Linda Scheimann" <geb...@niia.net> wrote in message
> news:bsg4ph$cqs9r$1...@ID-131262.news.uni-berlin.de...
>
>>Wow.
>
> Linda
>
> Yes. A great day in Amaerica.
> Will
>
A trifle late. Not as bad as the Vatican finally getting round to
Copernicus or Galileo, but - all in all - just another stupid attempt to
make the government seem humane.
dmh
> A trifle late. Not as bad as the Vatican finally getting round to
> Copernicus or Galileo, but - all in all - just another stupid attempt to
> make the government seem humane.
dmh
Yeah, of course late, since he's been dead since 1966, but it was good to
see him remembered.
I tell you, the literary life, you can't beat it.
Anne Murphy/Maxwell, Neal's last North Beach sweetie, said, when I mentioned
that meeting in her presence so long ago, "I think I was with him."
That means Lenny Bruce was Beat. The two qualifiers are: general
insubordination and high mortality at low ages due to bad drug habits.
"Lenny Bruce was *bad*.
He was the brother you never had." -Dylan.
"Greybeard Cavalier" Mp3:
http://my.lulu.com/content/26663
Too lurid? In 2004? Must be pretty far out there!
Will
> <ulT...@earthlink.net> wrote in message news:<urMKb.23828$lo3....@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>...
> > At the risk of boring the lot of you, the gentleman did ask about Anne
> > Murphy, so I was intrigued sufficiently to look into the archives of the
> > collective journal I've been a part of since 1992 (www.nerdnosh.com) and I
> > found this old tale which resulted from reading the local news story just
> > alluded to.
> >
> > Apologies in advance. But, then, there has not been a lot of activity in
> > here lately...
> >
> >
> > Date: Thu, 3 Oct 2002 19:03:27 -0700
> > From: "Tremonius" <woe...@nerdnosh.com>
> > Subject: Little Old Lady from Kearney Street
> >
> > On the first page of today's Arts & Entertainment section of the San Jose
> > Mercury News is an unremarkable photo above the fold. A little old lady is
> > bent over what seems to be the glass case of a display, and she is smiling
> > at the contents. A pretty younger one is watching her with photogenic
> > satisfaction in the background.
> >
> > The caption identifies the LOL as "Annie Murhpy" and the context
> > certifies my startled recognition. The occasion is the revelation
> > of a trove of pictures and documents kept by one Colonel Stockett,
> > friend to Neal and Jack and the other Beats, bequeathed to the
> > daughter, the pretty one in the background in the floral print, in
> > order that they be displayed in just such circumstances as these,
> > a museum in Los Gatos.
> >
> > http://www.bayarea.com/mld/bayarea/entertainment/4198265.htm
> > [Update: No longer available for free]
> >
> > It is September of 1972, and Carolyn Cassady, the Beat mistress, and I are
> > ringing at a door on Kearney Street in North Beach, San Francisco. The
> > occupant has to run down to unlatch the door. I remember because she was
> > (1) very alluring and (2) not fully dressed.
> >
> > She said, "I'm on the phone, I'm not dressed, don't look!" and she turned
> > and ran up the stairs. Her undies were red and her flanks were supple and
> > trim. (Later I would say to Mrs Cassady in private, "I looked" and she
> > would answer, "I did, too.")
> >
> > Anne Murphy-Maxwell took an instant dislike to me. She was very polite,
> > extremely soft-spoken, but she regarded me as excess road bump in her
> > progress. She was interested in talking about Neal Cassady, her old
> > lover, with Mrs Cassady, his ex-wife.
> >
> > It became obvious they were speaking in terms I could never understand. I
> > was days off the Texas plains and here they were conferring about events and
> > humans solely in context to their star pictures. "It was so romantic," Anne
> > said of someone. "He carried me to bed. A Libra, of course."
> >
> > I was abruptly cut out of the conversation. I went into the living room and
> > looked at books. Anne followed in a while with coffee, which I declined.
> > She said, "I don't want to monopolize, but we will be a little while."
> > Okay, I said.
> >
> > The kitchen, where they were in conference, was aglow in pink from red
> > contact paper over the windows. I remember small figures, toys, around the
> > fixtures atop the water heater. I thought it was all so tastefully done,
> > and without any great outlay of capital, neither. I was very impressed with
> > Anne Murphy-Maxwell so far, and regretted the sentiment was not returned.
> >
> > Anne told of her life. She told of days with Neal. The time in front of
> > City Lights when Neal had come out and some Hell's Angel was trying to pick
> > her up where she waited in the auto and Neal said or did something to show
> > umbrage and raced around the car to avoid the wrath of the beast.
> >
> > I said, I heard somewhere about an occasion when Neal met Lenny Bruce in
> > this neighborhood. I wrote to Ralph Gleason the Jazz writer and he replied,
> > "I think I read that, too, you might try..." and he gave me the home
> > address, now defunct, for another writer.
> >
> > "I think I was with him," said Anne.
> >
> > She had just been to Mexico, and she changed hotels every night because "you
> > can experience more that way." One experience she didn't need was some goon
> > trying to enter her room. She said, "I didn't know if he just wanted to
> > ball or -"
> >
> > The violent pimps in that fair city. When she knew the door would hold,
> > later, back in San Francisco now, she screamed every curse word she could
> > think of at the offending scum beyond it. Carolyn had some inane suggestion
> > for what she might've done which sounded like mothers might tell pre-teens.
> >
> > Anne: Have you ever met a pimp?
> > Carolyn: No, can't say that I have...
> > Anne: They'll break your legs.
> >
> >
> > Philip Lamantia came down from upstairs. He was a poet who had read at the
> > seminal Six Gallery poetry reading in that city in 1955. I thought him very
> > erudite and civilized. He had been out of the country.
> >
> > Anne: "So do you think Ferlinghetti considers himself a poet?"
> > Philip: "Of course he does. His royalties announce it to him."
> >
> > I used a term to describe how Ginsberg scanned. I don't remember what it
> > was. I was much more literate at 29 than today. I was gratified to hear
> > the words mirrored back by Lamantia as we conversed. So it's valid, I'm
> > thinking.
> >
> > Anne in the front room. She is dancing in the classy glide they did then,
> > swinging the arms while rhythmically striding in place. She was quite good.
> > "I consider myself a dancer," she said. She worked in fifteen clubs a day,
> > she was a go-getter in North Beach bars. She had enhanced her figure for
> > the topless craze, and before she was out of her bandages Neal was dead in
> > San Miguel.
> >
> > Anne is sitting before the mirror in the front room. She turns and smiles
> > at me sweetly, the only time. It was near bedtime. I wish I had acted on
> > my conjecture of what that meant.
> >
> > In the night, Anne comes to whisper. She is worried. A loose foot of the
> > bed is banging against the floor, bam! bam! bam! and we were unaware and she
> > is concerned for the neighbors. We are in her bed and she is in a small
> > guest room.
> >
> > Me: Do your other guests awaken the neighbors?
> > She: My other guests are usually not quite so vigorous.
> >
> > I remembered the word choice. Vigorous. She was so precise.
> >
> > She passed by the bed then. There was a canopy and a gauzy curtain
> > surrounding us. I fantasized many times thereafter about reaching for her
> > hand. I think she would have come aboard for Carolyn's sake.
> >
> > Carolyn in the morning, up and towards the bathroom. Anne in the kitchen
> > says, you have a beautiful body. It was true.
> >
> > That was the last image I have of Anne Murphy until this morning, thirty
> > years later.
> >
> > http://www.nerdnosh.com/images/anne.jpg
When I was reading Carolyn's typescript, I caught her bowdlerizing Neal's
letters (she had boxes of them, run off for her by the University of Texas,
which has/had a slew of them in 1972, so I could easily compare her quotes
with the copies). She owned up. Also, she told me his last job in America,
delivering an underground newspaper in Santa Cruz (is this part of the
existing record? Does everyone know this?) revolted him because he hated
all the vulgarity.
It is hard to estimate how much more vulgar was the underground press than
Neal's own general commentary as expressed in letters.
Carolyn was indeed a prude, and proud of it. Has to do, I think, with
assigned roles, like siblings and high school kids. Carolyn was from
Bennington, after all, daughter of velly British academes, an art major, and
the rest of the main characters were closer to Larimer Street. She was
picked for Class, and she hung with it.
Tre
monius" <ulT...@earthlink.net> wrote in message news:<gaoNb.9183$1e....@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>...
The uncensored versions will be published this April by Penguin:
"Neal Cassady: Collected Letters, 1944-67."
Some lengthy extracts from Anne Murphy's book have already seen publication,
in the first two issues of "The Fool," and also in "The New Free Press."
"Imagine the spot this book would fill in the beat legacy."
I think Anne might've been a bit behind the Beat curve. She knew Neal
Cassady in his declining years, at the latter end of the Merry Prankster
romps, I believe it was. She would be a great resource for his Edgar
Cayce/Gavin Arthur spiritualist period.
Something I am anticipating: How will the sensibilities Way Back When
affect the story told today? Lots of tales be told in light of modern day.
Back then, I can tell you, when Carolyn Cassady and Anne Murphy/Maxwell sat
down to talk, the context and content was 100% astrological. Anne would
tell of one who carried her to bed, as she did, but the way she would tell
it was, "He was a Pisces..."
Nothing made sense nor had any bearing on earth but the stars in them days.
So where is Gavin Arthur study today? I wonder. He was the guru back then,
I can tell you.
We shall see what we shall see...
Timothy
--
ulT...@nerdnosh.com
"A collective of journalers since 1991"
www.nerdnosh.com
`Some lengthy extracts from Anne Murphy's book have already seen
publication,
in the first two issues of "The Fool," and also in "The New Free Press."'
Can you give a little more data on those publications? I find The NFP
announced online, but cannot find anything written by "Anne Murphy" there.
I'd certainly like to see these articles, if possible.
cheers ~
Denise
--
Empty Mirror Books & Distribution www.emptymirrorbooks.com
modern poetry, the Beat Generation, & the work of Michael McClure
Denise Enck - Quanta Webdesign www.quantawebdesign.com
websites for the arts, organizations & individuals
You should be able to contact The Fool c/o Beyond Baroque Literary
Foundation, 681 Venice Blvd., CA 90291, USA or email them at
holy...@mindspring.com
The extracts from Anne Murphy's book were in issue #1 (Jan 200) and #2
(March 2000)
The New Free Press extract appeared in Vol.1, No.5, February 1995.
Good hunting!
Dave
According to Anne, she first met Neal in February 1961. This was a couple of
years before the advent of the Merry Pranksters. Anne stayed with Neal as a
regular girlfriend until 1967.
Dave
Dave Moore" <da...@dsPaMmEjnOtmoore.fsnet.co.uk> wrote in message news:<bu9gjk$ks2$2...@news5.svr.pol.co.uk>...
"Tremonius" <ulT...@earthlink.net> wrote in message news:<BoVNb.11982$1e....@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>...
Dave Moore" <da...@dsPaMmEjnOtmoore.fsnet.co.uk> wrote in message news:<bu6cqf$k91$1...@newsg2.svr.pol.co.uk>...
Much, much more.
I think about Neal in prison and Karma together sometimes for a couple of
reasons.
First is the most obvious: The hip cool beat and frantic Neal robbing their
savings for crosscountry kicks in the forties was adventure for all who were
not left alone with the children, but it happened once upon a real time, and
the backside was, Neal awaiting sentencing and instructing then conning and
cajoling Carolyn to mortgage the house for his bail. She wouldn't do it.
She knew well exactly what would happen. He would've bolted, the house
would be lost, and they'd have been homeless.
Another element I tried to confirm myself with the ones most involved.
Kerouac, it is said, felt badly for deserting his old road buddy in jail.
Made no effort to see him, to send succor or materials neither. K felt
guilty about that, so he created a justification, as we all must. In
letters to Carolyn, he said, after all, we all warned him to stay out of
North Beach.
But something he wrote into Visions of Cody. It was in there, I'm sure. K
wrote that San Quentin was payback of the gods for the time he'd slung his
daughter Kathie clear across the room and into the wall.
I asked Carolyn and Jami, and they asked Kathie, and none of them knew or
remembered anything about it. It would've been a time when K and Neal were
home with the kids, mom at work.
But Visions Of Cody was written years before San Quentin and all of that...
by about a decade. Did Kerouac add that in later? Perhaps a later book?
> I asked Carolyn and Jami, and they asked Kathie, and none of them knew or
> remembered anything about it. It would've been a time when K and Neal
were
> home with the kids, mom at work.
Seems exagerated... such an act would have probably killed the kid.
Will
Dave Moore" <da...@dsPaMmEjnOtmoore.fsnet.co.uk> wrote in message news:<buhk5b$b56$1...@news8.svr.pol.co.uk>...
SITO #7 is new. But The first 6 Spit In the Ocean issues, including #6, the
Cassady issue, are still available from Zane Kesey at www.key-z.com
See this page (scroll down a bit) http://www.key-z.com/books.html
For The Fool, use the street address / email address Dave posted ~~
cheers ~
Denise
--
Empty Mirror Books & Distribution www.emptymirrorbooks.com
modern poetry, the Beat Generation, & the work of Michael McClure
Denise Enck - Quanta Webdesign www.quantawebdesign.com
websites for the arts, organizations, & individuals
Come back and repost it. That's the best I can offer.
Will
"Mirror Twins" Mp3, free preview:
http://www.lulu.com/content/29085