from: http://pythonhosted.org/airflow/faq.html
What’s the deal with ``start_date``?
start_date is partly legacy from the pre-DagRun era, but it is still relevant in many ways. When creating a new DAG, you probably want to set a global start_date for your tasks usingdefault_args. The first DagRun to be created will be based on the min(start_date) for all your task. From that point on, the scheduler creates new DagRuns based on your schedule_interval and the corresponding task instances run as your dependencies are met. When introducing new tasks to your DAG, you need to pay special attention to start_date, and may want to reactivate inactive DagRuns to get the new task to get onboarded properly.
We recommend against using dynamic values as start_date, especially datetime.now() as it can be quite confusing. The task is triggered once the period closes, and in theory an @hourly DAG would never get to an hour after now as now() moves along.
We also recommend using rounded start_date in relation to your schedule_interval. This means an @hourly would be at 00:00 minutes:seconds, a @daily job at midnight, a @monthly job on the first of the month. You can use any sensor or a TimeDeltaSensor to delay the execution of tasks within that period. While schedule_interval does allow specifying a datetime.timedelta object, we recommend using the macros or cron expressions instead, as it enforces this idea of rounded schedules.
When using depends_on_past=True it’s important to pay special attention to start_date as the past dependency is not enforced only on the specific schedule of the start_date specified for the task. It’ also important to watch DagRun activity status in time when introducing newdepends_on_past=True, unless you are planning on running a backfill for the new task(s).
Also important to note is that the tasks start_date, in the context of a backfill CLI command, get overridden by the backfill’s command start_date. This allows for a backfill on tasks that havedepends_on_past=True to actually start, if it wasn’t the case, the backfill just wouldn’t start.