teen2005:第十章第3节 前半部分 有些地方很难翻，可能翻错，请诸位多指正
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第十章：皇帝
迪西乌斯，高卢斯，阿米利安，瓦勒利安和伽利恩努斯
Part III.
第3节
The Romans had long experienced the daring valor of the people of Lower
Germany. The union of their strength threatened Gaul with a more
formidable invasion, and required the presence of Gallienus, the heir
and colleague of Imperial power. Whilst that prince, and his infant son
Salonius, displayed, in the court of Treves, the majesty of the empire
its armies were ably conducted by their general, Posthumus, who, though
he afterwards betrayed the family of Valerian, was ever faithful to the
great interests of the monarchy. The treacherous language of panegyrics
and medals darkly announces a long series of victories. Trophies and
titles attest (if such evidence can attest) the fame of Posthumus, who
is repeatedly styled the Conqueror of the Germans, and the Savior of
Gaul.
罗马人对付大胆勇猛的下日耳曼人有着长久的经验。日耳曼人的力量联盟通过一系列可怕的入侵威胁着高卢，呼唤着君权的继承人和共有者伽利恩努斯（Gallienus）的出现。与此同时，当这位王子和他的幼子沙洛纽斯（Salonius）在特勒维斯的宫廷现身时，伟大的皇帝陛下的军队已经在那个曾经对君权的利益非常忠诚，但后来又背叛了瓦勒利安（Valerian）家族的将军波斯特姆斯（Posthumus）的指挥下投入战斗。透过颂词和勋章里的背信弃义暗示着一长串的胜利。战利品和头衔证明了波斯特姆斯的声望（如果这种证据能够用来证明的话），他被一再称呼为日耳曼人的征服者和高卢人的救星。
But a single fact, the only one indeed of which we have any distinct
knowledge, erases, in a great measure, these monuments of vanity and
adulation. The Rhine, though dignified with the title of Safeguard of
the provinces, was an imperfect barrier against the daring spirit of
enterprise with which the Franks were actuated. Their rapid
devastations stretched from the river to the foot of the Pyrenees; nor
were they stopped by those mountains. Spain, which had never dreaded,
was unable to resist, the inroads of the Germans. During twelve years,
the greatest part of the reign of Gallienus, that opulent country was
the theatre of unequal and destructive hostilities. Tarragona, the
flourishing capital of a peaceful province, was sacked and almost
destroyed; and so late as the days of Orosius, who wrote in the fifth
century, wretched cottages, scattered amidst the ruins of magnificent
cities, still recorded the rage of the barbarians. When the exhausted
country no longer supplied a variety of plunder, the Franks seized on
some vessels in the ports of Spain, and transported themselves into
Mauritania. The distant province was astonished with the fury of these
barbarians, who seemed to fall from a new world, as their name,
manners, and complexion, were equally unknown on the coast of Africa.
但一个简单的事实是，如果我们确实有一些基本的知识和判断，就可以把纪念碑中大部分空洞无物的阿谀之词抹去。莱茵河虽然被称作帝国疆域的天堑，但不足于阻挡富有冒险进取精神的法兰克人策动的进攻。他们快速地毁坏了从河谷一直到比利牛斯山脉的一切，即使那些群山也没能阻挡他们的脚步。在之前从未受到威胁的西班牙在日耳曼人的攻击下几乎无法生存。12年间，伽利恩努斯统治下的最大部分，那片富裕的国土，变成了一个强凌弱、众暴寡的演兵场。繁荣的首府塔拉贡纳（Tarragona）被洗劫一空，通过晚至公元5世纪时期的奥罗休斯（Orosius）的笔下描述，只能看到一些破败的村舍，零星散布在昔日繁华都市的废墟之间，依然记录着了野蛮人的狂暴。当那个浩劫一空的国家不再能够提供劫掠的战利品时，法兰克人俘获了停泊在西班牙港口的一些船只，把他们的战士运送到了毛利塔尼亚。那个遥远的行省的居民被这些狂暴的野蛮人惊呆了，仿佛看到了一些来自另外一个世界的人，他们的名称、行为和肤色，对非洲海岸地区的人们来说是完全陌生的。
II. In that part of Upper Saxony, beyond the Elbe, which is at present
called the Marquisate of Lusace, there existed, in ancient times, a
sacred wood, the awful seat of the superstition of the Suevi. None were
permitted to enter the holy precincts, without confessing, by their
servile bonds and suppliant posture, the immediate presence of the
sovereign Deity. Patriotism contributed, as well as devotion, to
consecrate the Sonnenwald, or wood of the Semnones. It was universally
believed, that the nation had received its first existence on that
sacred spot. At stated periods, the numerous tribes who gloried in the
Suevic blood, resorted thither by their ambassadors; and the memory of
their common extraction was perpetrated by barbaric rites and human
sacrifices. The wide-extended name of Suevi filled the interior
countries of Germany, from the banks of the Oder to those of the
Danube. They were distinguished from the other Germans by their
peculiar mode of dressing their long hair, which they gathered into a
rude knot on the crown of the head; and they delighted in an ornament
that showed their ranks more lofty and terrible in the eyes of the
enemy. Jealous as the Germans were of military renown, they all
confessed the superior valor of the Suevi; and the tribes of the
Usipetes and Tencteri, who, with a vast army, encountered the dictator
Cæsar, declared that they esteemed it not a disgrace to have fled
before a people to whose arms the immortal gods themselves were
unequal.
II.在上萨克森地区，易北河的远处，有一个叫卢萨斯（Lusace）的侯爵领地。那里在古时候就有一片神秘的树林，充斥着关于苏维人（Suevi）的可怕传说。任何人未经允许不得踏入那个神圣的领地，他们不是通过私下忏悔，而是公开展示他们奴性的镣铐和谦卑的态度，来接受至高无上的神的统治。爱国主义和奉献精神体现在对桑尼沃德（Sonnenwald）或赛们纳斯（Semnones）的树林的献祭上。一般认为，这个民族第一次在历史上出现就是在这个神秘的树林里。在一段时期里，众多的部落自豪于苏维人的血统，他们派遣使者到那儿聚会；唤醒他们共同的民族记忆的方法是进行一些野蛮的仪式并用活人作为牺牲。苏维人的威名响彻了日耳曼人建立的各个国家，从奥德河的沿岸一直到多瑙河的沿岸。他们和其它日耳曼人区别的特殊地方是他们的长发，他们把长发在头冠上打了一个粗大的结；他们得意于这种显示高贵身份的装饰但在敌人眼里却显得十分可怕。日耳曼人嫉妒他们的军事威望，他们都承认苏维人的超级勇猛；拥有大批军队的乌斯皮特斯（Usipetes）和特卡特里（Tencteri）的部落，曾遭遇了独裁者恺撒，最后宣称他们与一位武力能和不朽的神灵持平的人交战是不公平的，所以溃败也不是一种耻辱。
In the reign of the emperor Caracalla, an innumerable swarm of Suevi
appeared on the banks of the Mein, and in the neighborhood of the Roman
provinces, in quest either of food, of plunder, or of glory. The hasty
army of volunteers gradually coalesced into a great and permanent
nation, and as it was composed from so many different tribes, assumed
the name of Alemanni, * or Allmen; to denote at once their various
lineage and their common bravery. The latter was soon felt by the
Romans in many a hostile inroad. The Alemanni fought chiefly on
horseback; but their cavalry was rendered still more formidable by a
mixture of light infantry, selected from the bravest and most active of
the youth, whom frequent exercise had inured to accompany the horsemen
in the longest march, the most rapid charge, or the most precipitate
retreat.
在卡拉卡拉（Caracalla）皇帝的统治之下，大批的苏维人出现在美茵河边，就在罗马帝国行省的临近地区，为了食物、战利品和荣耀，匆忙组成的志愿者军队逐渐联合起来成为一个巨大和永久的民族。由于他们是由许多不同的部落组成，被称作阿勒曼尼人（Alemanni），或奥曼人（Allmen）；表示他们有不同的血统但有共同的勇猛。后一点不久就被罗马人在一系列的敌对性攻击中感觉到了。阿勒曼尼人主要在马背上战斗；但他们的骑兵还需要轻型步兵的协同作战才显得更加强大，这些轻型步兵都是从最勇敢和灵活的年轻人中挑选，通过不断的训练使他们能够随同骑兵进行最长距离的行军，最快速度的投入战斗，或最迅速地撤离战场。
This warlike people of Germans had been astonished by the immense
preparations of Alexander Severus; they were dismayed by the arms of
his successor, a barbarian equal in valor and fierceness to themselves.
But still hovering on the frontiers of the empire, they increased the
general disorder that ensued after the death of Decius. They inflicted
severe wounds on the rich provinces of Gaul; they were the first who
removed the veil that covered the feeble majesty of Italy. A numerous
body of the Alemanni penetrated across the Danube and through the
Rhætian Alps into the plains of Lombardy, advanced as far as Ravenna,
and displayed the victorious banners of barbarians almost in sight of
Rome.
这些好战的日耳曼人曾对亚历山大.塞弗汝斯（Alexander
Severus）精心的准备感到惊奇；现在开始为他的继任者的手腕感到沮丧，这是一个和他们一样野蛮和勇猛暴烈的人。但他们仍在帝国的边境盘旋，在迪西乌斯死（Decius）后更变本加厉地制造混乱。他们对富裕的高卢行省造成了严重的伤害；正是他们第一个揭开了意大利日渐虚弱的王权的面纱。大批的阿勒曼尼人穿过多瑙河跨过阿尔卑斯山进入兰巴达平原，向着遥远的拉文纳（Ravenna）进军，在罗马人的视线里到处都是野蛮人在挥舞着胜利的旗帜。
The insult and the danger rekindled in the senate some sparks of their
ancient virtue. Both the emperors were engaged in far distant wars,
Valerian in the East, and Gallienus on the Rhine. All the hopes and
resources of the Romans were in themselves. In this emergency, the
senators resumed he defence of the republic, drew out the Prætorian
guards, who had been left to garrison the capital, and filled up their
numbers, by enlisting into the public service the stoutest and most
willing of the Plebeians. The Alemanni, astonished with the sudden
appearance of an army more numerous than their own, retired into
Germany, laden with spoil; and their retreat was esteemed as a victory
by the unwarlike Romans.
屈辱和危险重新点燃了保留在元老院心中的从上古遗留下来的美德。两个皇帝都投入到了边远地区的战争中，瓦勒利安在东方，伽利恩努斯在莱茵河流域。现在罗马人所有的希望和资源都在他们自己手里。在这个危急时刻，元老们重新担负起保卫共和国的责任，抽调了已离去的普雷特利亚（Prætorian）的卫戍部队来保卫首都，并通过征募那些英勇而充满激情的平民来扩充数量。阿勒曼尼人被突然出现的超过他们人数的军队震慑住了，大肆破坏一番后又退回了日耳曼地区；他们的撤退被认为是不爱好战争的罗马人的一次胜利。
When Gallienus received the intelligence that his capital was delivered
from the barbarians, he was much less delighted than alarmed with the
courage of the senate, since it might one day prompt them to rescue the
public from domestic tyranny as well as from foreign invasion. His
timid ingratitude was published to his subjects, in an edict which
prohibited the senators from exercising any military employment, and
even from approaching the camps of the legions. But his fears were
groundless. The rich and luxurious nobles, sinking into their natural
character, accepted, as a favor, this disgraceful exemption from
military service; and as long as they were indulged in the enjoyment of
their baths, their theatres, and their villas, they cheerfully resigned
the more dangerous cares of empire to the rough hands of peasants and
soldiers.
当伽利恩努斯得知他的首都从野蛮人手中夺回的消息时，对元老院勇气的惊讶远甚于对胜利的喜悦，因为他担心有一天他们会像驱逐外族侵略者一样将国内的暴政重新恢复成共和制。于是他的鲜廉寡恩通过发布以下命令而显露无疑，他禁止元老们操练军队，甚至不准他们接近军营。但他的恐惧是毫无必要的。那些富有而奢侈的贵族们，从内心来讲，已经接受了这种不准服兵役的耻辱，而把它当作了一种优待；只要能沉湎于澡堂、剧院和别墅而不受干扰，他们乐于将帝国的危险事业交给农民和军人的粗手去操持。
Another invasion of the Alemanni, of a more formidable aspect, but more
glorious event, is mentioned by a writer of the lower empire. Three
hundred thousand are said to have been vanquished, in a battle near
Milan, by Gallienus in person, at the head of only ten thousand Romans.
We may, however, with great probability, ascribe this incredible
victory either to the credulity of the historian, or to some
exaggerated exploits of one of the emperor's lieutenants. It was by
arms of a very different nature, that Gallienus endeavored to protect
Italy from the fury of the Germans. He espoused Pipa, the daughter of a
king of the Marcomanni, a Suevic tribe, which was often confounded with
the Alemanni in their wars and conquests. To the father, as the price
of his alliance, he granted an ample settlement in Pannonia. The native
charms of unpolished beauty seem to have fixed the daughter in the
affections of the inconstant emperor, and the bands of policy were more
firmly connected by those of love. But the haughty prejudice of Rome
still refused the name of marriage to the profane mixture of a citizen
and a barbarian; and has stigmatized the German princess with the
opprobrious title of concubine of Gallienus.
下罗马帝国的一位作者还提及到另一次野蛮人的入侵，虽然来势更可怕，但胜利也更显赫。在米兰附近的一次战斗中，伽利恩努斯率领一万罗马士兵击败了三十万阿勒曼尼战士。我们也许可以把这次令人难以置信的胜利归因于历史学家的轻信或某个皇帝的助手的一些夸大。伽利恩努斯竭尽全力保卫着意大利，还采用了另一种武器，使她远离狂暴的日耳曼人。他迎娶了马克曼尼（Marcomanni）国王的女儿皮泊（Pipa），马克曼尼是一个苏维人的部落，在那些频繁的战争和征服中很难于阿勒曼尼人区分开来。作为联盟的代价，他允许他的岳父在潘诺尼亚安置下来。公主那天然无饰的美貌带来难以抗拒的吸引力，使得以反复无常著称的皇帝陷入了爱情，而爱情又使得政治联姻变得更加牢固。但是傲慢又偏见的罗马人拒绝承认罗马公民和野蛮人的婚姻；他们诬蔑日耳曼公主是伽利恩努斯的侍妾。
III. We have already traced the emigration of the Goths from
Scandinavia, or at least from Prussia, to the mouth of the Borysthenes,
and have followed their victorious arms from the Borysthenes to the
Danube. Under the reigns of Valerian and Gallienus, the frontier of the
last-mentioned river was perpetually infested by the inroads of Germans
and Sarmatians; but it was defended by the Romans with more than usual
firmness and success. The provinces that were the seat of war,
recruited the armies of Rome with an inexhaustible supply of hardy
soldiers; and more than one of these Illyrian peasants attained the
station, and displayed the abilities, of a general. Though flying
parties of the barbarians, who incessantly hovered on the banks of the
Danube, penetrated sometimes to the confines of Italy and Macedonia,
their progress was commonly checked, or their return intercepted, by
the Imperial lieutenants. But the great stream of the Gothic
hostilities was diverted into a very different channel. The Goths, in
their new settlement of the Ukraine, soon became masters of the
northern coast of the Euxine: to the south of that inland sea were
situated the soft and wealthy provinces of Asia Minor, which possessed
all that could attract, and nothing that could resist, a barbarian
conqueror.
III．我们已经追溯了哥特人从斯堪的纳维亚半岛或至少从普鲁士移居到了波雷斯廷尼斯（Borysthenes）河口，然后又依靠战争胜利从波雷斯廷尼斯河移居到了多瑙河的行程。在瓦勒利安和伽利恩努斯的共同统治下，上述提到的河流一带一直成为日耳曼人和萨尔马提亚人（Sarmatians）侵袭的地区；但它依然被罗马人以异乎寻常的稳固和有效的手段守卫着。那些成为战场的省份，通过源源不断地招募勇敢的新兵以应付这一切；这时不止一个伊利里亚农民挺身而出，展示出他们成为军队统帅的能力。虽然野蛮人的游击队不停地骚扰着多瑙河河岸地区，有时甚至深入到意大利和马其顿的疆域内，但他们的前进通常会被皇帝的助手们阻止或截击。但最大的一股哥特人采取了一条不同的进军路线。在乌克兰新定居的哥特人，不久就成为黑海北岸的主人；黑海的南部是小亚细亚的省份，那里是有名的富裕温柔之乡，对野蛮的征服者来说，有着无法抗拒的诱惑。
The banks of the Borysthenes are only sixty miles distant from the
narrow entrance of the peninsula of Crim Tartary, known to the ancients
under the name of Chersonesus Taurica. On that inhospitable shore,
Euripides, embellishing with exquisite art the tales of antiquity, has
placed the scene of one of his most affecting tragedies. The bloody
sacrifices of Diana, the arrival of Orestes and Pylades, and the
triumph of virtue and religion over savage fierceness, serve to
represent an historical truth, that the Tauri, the original inhabitants
of the peninsula, were, in some degree, reclaimed from their brutal
manners by a gradual intercourse with the Grecian colonies, which
settled along the maritime coast. The little kingdom of Bosphorus,
whose capital was situated on the Straits, through which the Mæotis
communicates itself to the Euxine, was composed of degenerate Greeks
and half-civilized barbarians. It subsisted, as an independent state,
from the time of the Peloponnesian war, was at last swallowed up by the
ambition of Mithridates, and, with the rest of his dominions, sunk
under the weight of the Roman arms. From the reign of Augustus, the
kings of Bosphorus were the humble, but not useless, allies of the
empire. By presents, by arms, and by a slight fortification drawn
across the Isthmus, they effectually guarded against the roving
plunderers of Sarmatia, the access of a country, which, from its
peculiar situation and convenient harbors, commanded the Euxine Sea and
Asia Minor.
从波雷斯廷尼斯河岸到进入克利木鞑靼半岛的狭窄通道仅仅只有六十英里的距离，那里在古代称之为切松苏斯.陶里卡（Chersonesus
Taurica）。古希腊悲剧诗人欧里庇得斯（Euripides）在他最感人的一出悲剧里就把那荒凉的海滨作为某个故事发生的背景地，并用优美的艺术手法对它进行了描绘。黛安娜女神血腥的牺牲，俄瑞斯忒斯（Orestes）和帕雷德斯（Pylades）的到来，善和宗教战胜邪恶，揭示了一个历史真相，那就是陶里人作为半岛的原住民，在某种程度上是通过和希腊殖民者的交流才逐渐改掉了他们的野蛮风俗，并在海岸边定居了下来。那儿有一个叫博斯普鲁斯的小王国，首都建立在连接米尔迪斯（Mæotis）和黑海的通道上，居民是一些退化的希腊人和半开化的野蛮人。从伯罗奔尼撒战争时期就一直作为一个独立的国家存在，后来被野心勃勃的米特拉达特（Mithridates）吞并，但最终连同其他一些地方一起落入了重兵压境的罗马人之手。从奥古斯都统治时期开始，博斯普鲁斯国王们就是罗马帝国谦卑的但并非无用的同盟者。通过送礼，通过用兵，和在穿越地峡的地方修建一个简陋的要塞，有效地防止了萨尔马提亚人进入他们的国家进行劫掠，并因为有利的地形和方便的港口，掌控着黑海和小亚细亚地区。
As long as the sceptre was possessed by a lineal succession of kings,
they acquitted themselves of their important charge with vigilance and
success. Domestic factions, and the fears, or private interest, of
obscure usurpers, who seized on the vacant throne, admitted the Goths
into the heart of Bosphorus. With the acquisition of a superfluous
waste of fertile soil, the conquerors obtained the command of a naval
force, sufficient to transport their armies to the coast of Asia. This
ships used in the navigation of the Euxine were of a very singular
construction. They were slight flat-bottomed barks framed of timber
only, without the least mixture of iron, and occasionally covered with
a shelving roof, on the appearance of a tempest. In these floating
houses, the Goths carelessly trusted themselves to the mercy of an
unknown sea, under the conduct of sailors pressed into the service, and
whose skill and fidelity were equally suspicious. But the hopes of
plunder had banished every idea of danger, and a natural fearlessness
of temper supplied in their minds the more rational confidence, which
is the just result of knowledge and experience. Warriors of such a
daring spirit must have often murmured against the cowardice of their
guides, who required the strongest assurances of a settled calm before
they would venture to embark; and would scarcely ever be tempted to
lose sight of the land. Such, at least, is the practice of the modern
Turks; and they are probably not inferior, in the art of navigation, to
the ancient inhabitants of Bosphorus.
只要国王的权杖还以正统的方式代代相传下去，他们就能卓有成效地担负起他们的重要职责。出于国内纷争，和恐惧的原因，或私人利益的目的，以及那些空缺王位的暗中篡夺者，允许哥特人进入博斯普鲁斯的心脏地区。征服者在索取了过剩的肥沃土壤之后，还获得了一支海军力量，足以把他们的军队运送到亚洲沿岸。那些在黑海航行的船只有一种非常奇特的结构。那是一种只用木料作骨架的轻型平底船，没有混有任何铁的材料，当遇上暴风雨时，偶尔会用带棚架的顶棚把船覆盖起来。在那些浮动的房子里，哥特人漫不经心地信赖着深不可测的大海的的仁慈，以及驾驶技术和忠诚度同样值得怀疑的那些强行征用的水手。但是对于战利品的渴望驱散了任何对危险的恐惧，天生的无畏性格充实了他们凭着知识和经验建立的理智的信心。有着这样勇敢精神的战士必然会抱怨那些怯懦的向导们，他们在确保大海风平浪静的前提下决不敢冒险出海航行；也几乎不敢驶出陆地的视野之外。这种情况至少和现代的土耳其人的习惯有点相似；而且他们的航海技术可能不会逊色于古代的博斯普鲁斯居民。
The fleet of the Goths, leaving the coast of Circassia on the left
hand, first appeared before Pityus, the utmost limits of the Roman
provinces; a city provided with a convenient port, and fortified with a
strong wall. Here they met with a resistance more obstinate than they
had reason to expect from the feeble garrison of a distant fortress.
They were repulsed; and their disappointment seemed to diminish the
terror of the Gothic name. As long as Successianus, an officer of
superior rank and merit, defended that frontier, all their efforts were
ineffectual; but as soon as he was removed by Valerian to a more
honorable but less important station, they resumed the attack of
Pityus; and by the destruction of that city, obliterated the memory of
their former disgrace.
哥特人的舰队离开切尔卡西亚（Circassia）海岸沿着左侧航行，第一次出现在罗马行省的最远端皮迪乌斯（Pityus）城下；这座城市有便利的港口，并有坚固的城墙护卫着。在这里他们遇到了顽强的抵抗，超出了他们对于边远要塞防卫应该比较虚弱的估计。他们被击退了，他们的这次失利看上去减弱了人们对于哥特这个名字的恐惧。当一位才能出众的高级官员苏克西安努斯（Successianus）负责守卫着前线时，哥特人的所有努力都失败了；而当他被瓦勒利安皇帝调任一个级别更高但相对不重要的职位时，哥特人重新恢复了对皮迪乌斯城的进攻；并摧毁了这座城市，洗刷了过去耻辱。
grimace
more honorable but less important
似乎应当为“一个更荣耀却不那么重要的职务”，或者意译为“一个荣耀的闲职”，您看如何？
grimace
慢慢看，时间不够啊！
coach...@gmail.com
土人
grimace
浜�鏅旦
你好！
你们发给我的Email全部都是乱码，我根本看不懂，不
知道怎么回事。我翻译了一部分，请问到哪里发布，是不是天涯的煮酒论史。
From: "grimace" <eron...@gmail.com>
Reply-To: The-History-of-the-Decline-...@googlegroups.com
To: "The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire" <The-History-of-the-Decline-...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: teen2005:绗崄绔犵3鑺?鍓嶅崐閮ㄥ垎 鏈変簺鍦版柟寰堥毦缈伙紝鍙兘缈婚敊锛 岃璇镐綅澶氭寚姝?lt;/i>
Date: Sun, 16 Apr 2006 09:13:17 -0000
>瀵癸紝璇嶆€ф湁鍙樺寲锛屾剰鎬濅篃鏈変笉鍚岋紝涓嶈 兘鎯冲綋鐒躲€傝缁х画鐐硅瘎銆 ?lt;br>>
>clear=all>
使用 MSN Messenger 与联机的朋友进行交流
质史 柳
你好！你们发给我的Email全部都是乱码，我根本看不懂，不知道怎么回事。我翻译了一部分，请问到哪里发布，是不是天涯的煮酒论史。
From: "grimace" <eron...@gmail.com>
Reply-To: The-History-of-the-Decline-...@googlegroups.com
To: "The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire" <The-History-of-the-Decline-...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: teen2005:绗崄绔犵3鑺?鍓嶅崐閮ㄥ垎 鏈変簺鍦版柟寰堥毦缈伙紝鍙兘缈婚敊锛岃璇镐綅澶氭寚姝?lt;/i>
Date: Sun, 16 Apr 2006 09:13:17 -0000
>瀵癸紝璇嶆€ф湁鍙樺寲锛屾剰鎬濅篃鏈変笉鍚岋紝涓嶈兘鎯冲綋鐒躲€傝缁х画鐐硅瘎銆 ?lt;br>>
>clear=all>
使用 MSN Messenger 与联机的朋友进行交流
coach...@gmail.com
empire当时我译成下罗马帝国，也搞不明白什么概念，只好硬译，最近翻字典才知道应该是东罗马帝国，请校对或楼主帮我改正。下半部分我将尽快贴出，请诸位法家多多指正。