GWT 2.8.2 uses HTMLUnit 2.19 which should work with CORS. At least the changelog only suggest a single Chrome related fix in 2.21.
Latest GWT uses HTMLUnit 2.55 so maybe you could just override the dependency version in your project and try HTMLUnit 2.55.
It doesn't look like you can change the CORS behavior of HTMLUnit:
If the CORS preflight request fails to some reason you are out of luck. Maybe the CORS header is incorrect or there is some unexpected status code because of rate limiting?