Eyebee
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Cockroaches are infamous for their tenacity, and are often cited as
the most likely survivors of a nuclear war. Some even claim that they
can live without their heads. It turns out that these armchair
exterminators (and their professional brethren) are right. Headless
roaches are capable of living for weeks.
To understand why cockroaches—and many other insects—can survive
decapitation, it helps to understand why humans cannot, explains
physiologist and biochemist Joseph Kunkel at the University of
Massachusetts Amherst, who studies cockroach development.
First off, decapitation in humans results in blood loss and a drop in
blood pressure hampering transport of oxygen and nutrition to vital
tissues. "You'd bleed to death," Kunkel notes. In addition, humans
breathe through their mouth or nose and the brain controls that
critical function, so breathing would stop. Moreover, the human body
cannot eat without the head, ensuring a swift death from starvation
should it survive the other ill effects of head loss.