This took a bit to figure out so I wanted to share to save others' time. To search for an empty HL7 field in Ensemble Message Viewer:
Add Extended Criteria
Criterion Type: VDoc Segment Field
Class:EnsLib.HL7.Message
Conditions:
Add Segment Type such as 2.7.1:PV1
Field Name such as 3.3
Matches
.0E
(The value .0E is a period followed by 0E which is COS pattern matching for zero of "any character". In other words, it means empty).