Most-Cited CPS Articles as of May 1, 2015
Novel Models for Delivering Mental Health Services and Reducing the Burdens of Mental Illness Using Mechanical Turk to Study Clinical Populations
Targeted Rejection Triggers Differential Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Gene Expression in Adolescents as a Function of Social Status
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  Clinical Psychological Science |
The links below take you to the journal via the APS website. If not already logged in, you will be redirected to log-in using your last name (Garcia) and Member ID (81665).
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New articles are now online.
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Psychosis Uncommonly and Inconsistently Precedes Violence Among High-Risk Individuals
Jennifer Skeem, Patrick Kennealy, John Monahan, Jillian Peterson, and Paul Appelbaum
How often does psychosis precede violent behavior in people with mental illness? Researchers tracked patients from three psychiatric hospitals in the year after their release, contacting them -- and a collateral informant -- every 10 weeks to determine whether they had been involved in violence. If violent behavior was reported, the researchers gathered a narrative account of the incident to determine whether psychosis had preceded the event. The researchers found that only 11.5% of violent incidents were preceded by psychosis and that violence was preceded exclusively by psychosis for very few participants. This suggests that efforts to reduce psychosis may have negligible direct effects on violent behavior for many patients and that intervention efforts should perhaps focus on other factors that result in violence, such as anger and social deviance.
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Negative Affect Instability Among Individuals With Comorbid Borderline Personality Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Emily M. Scheiderer, Ting Wang, Rachel L. Tomko, Phillip K. Wood, and Timothy J. Trull
Studies of people with borderline personality disorder (BPD) have found that they also experience high rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Despite this high rate of comorbidity, few studies have examined how the co-occurrence of these disorders affects affective instability (AI), a component of BPD. Participants with BPD only, BPD and PTSD, major depressive disorder/dysthymia (MDD/DYS) only, or MDD/DYS and PTSD used a hand-held device to rate their moods 6 times a day for 28 days. A comorbid diagnosis of PTSD was associated with greater instability in sadness and fear in participants with BPD and less instability in sadness and fear in participants with MDD/DYS. The differing pattern of AI in these disorders demonstrates the importance of investigating AI within the context of specific comorbidities.
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Reduced Prospective Motor Control in 10-Month-Olds at Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder
Therese L. Ekberg, Terje Falck-Ytter, Sven Bölte, Gustaf Gredebäck, and the EASE Team
Prospective motor control (i.e., the ability to plan actions related to future events) is not a central part of Autism Spectrum diagnosis (ASD); however, many people who have an ASD display deficits in this ability. The researchers examined prospective motor control in 10-month-olds who did (high-risk group) or did not (low-risk group) have siblings with an ASD. Children were asked to catch a ball that rolled toward them down a curved, inclined pathway. Although both groups of children were equally likely to catch the ball, children in the low-risk group began to reach before the ball moved into the area in which it could be caught while children in the high-risk group did not, indicating the presence of prospective motor deficits in those at risk for ASD.
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Colette R. Hirsch, Gemma Perman, Sarra Hayes, Claire Eagleson, and Andrew Mathews
Worry is often characterized by negative verbal thoughts about future outcomes. The researchers sought to understand how thinking style (verbal vs. imagery) and the emotional valence of thought content (positive vs. negative) affects worry by having high worriers think about positive or negative outcomes of a current worry using a verbal or imagery style. All thought styles were superior to the negative verbal style in reducing negative thought intrusions. Thinking of positive outcomes -- regardless of the style used -- resulted in lower subjective ratings of worry outcomes. These findings indicate the potential benefit of instructing people with anxiety problems to think about positive worry-related outcomes, regardless of thinking style.
This article is part of a special series on the mechanisms of repetitive thinking.
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Emotion Regulatory Flexibility Sheds Light on the Elusive Relationship Between Repeated Traumatic Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms
Einat Levy-Gigi, George A. Bonanno, Alla R. Shapiro, Gal Richter-Levin, Szabolcs Kéri, and Gal Sheppes
Research examining the relationship between trauma exposure and the development of posttraumatic stress symptoms in people who are repeatedly exposed to on-the-job trauma has shown inconsistent results. Why might this be? Active-duty firefighters were assessed for trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress symptoms, and they completed an emotional regulation choice task. In the task, participants were exposed to high- and low-intensity emotional images and chose to use either reappraisal (a regulatory style effective for low-intensity emotions) or distraction (a regulatory style effective for high-intensity emotions) as a regulatory strategy. A positive relationship between trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms was seen only for first responders who were not flexible with their choice of regulatory style, indicating that regulatory flexibility could help protect those who experience frequent trauma from developing PTSD.
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Massive Open Online Interventions: A Novel Model for Delivering Behavioral-Health Services Worldwide
Ricardo F. Muñoz, Eduardo L. Bunge, Ken Chen, Stephen M. Schueller, Julia I. Bravin, Elizabeth A. Shaughnessy, and Eliseo J. Pérez-Stable
In recent years there has been a call to expand access to behavioral-health services. In this article, the authors describe their work providing a massive open online intervention (MOOI) aimed at helping people to stop smoking. The researchers found that quit rates were 39.2% at 1 month, 43.5% at 3 months, 45.7% at 6 months, and 50.3% at 12 months of the intervention. These quit rates closely matched previously published quit rates seen in other participant groups recruited for this same intervention. This consistency provides added support for the usefulness of MOOIs as an effective way of disseminating large-scale treatments.
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Interaction of CD38 Variant and Chronic Interpersonal Stress Prospectively Predicts Social Anxiety and Depression Symptoms Over 6 Years
Benjamin A. Tabak, Suzanne Vrshek-Schallhorn, Richard E. Zinbarg, Jason M. Prenoveau, Susan Mineka, Eva E. Redei, Emma K. Adam, and Michelle G. Craske
Recent studies have shown that variation in the CD38 gene, which helps regulate secretion of oxytocin, may also influence social behaviors. Specifically, the rs3796863 A allele is associated with increased social sensitivity, whereas having one or more rs3796863 C alleles is associated with decreased social sensitivity. High-school students completed clinical diagnostic interviews, life-stress interviews, and symptom questionnaires annually for 6 years. Increasing levels of interpersonal stress were associated with increasing levels of trait anxiety for adolescents with the A allele but not for those with the C/C allele. While stress was associated with depression for all participants, this relationship was stronger for those with the A allele, indicating that this genetic variant may be a risk factor for social anxiety and, to a lesser extent, depression.
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Clinical Psychological Science is a publication of the Association for Psychological Science . Please contact APS by email or by telephone at +1 202.293.9300 with questions or comments.
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