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TABLE OF CONTENTSNote: Click on the headings listed in the table of contents above to easily navigate to the sections you’re interested in. THIS WEEK’S TOP CDR HIGHLIGHTSGLOBAL DATABASE OF CDR FIRMS Grant Faber has compiled a global list of 708 active carbon removal companies spanning DAC, BECCS, biochar, and other durable approaches. Industrial biochar leads with over 40% of firms, while DAC, biochar, and BECCS together account for about 80%. The U.S. hosts one-third, followed by Germany and the U.K. Faber also discussed the dataset on the Reversing Climate Change podcast.CALIFORNIA VETOED KEY CDR BILLS California Governor Gavin Newsom rejected a bill (SB 643) that aimed to create a $50 million grant for CDR projects, noting it would be duplicative and a lack of funding in the state budget. He also vetoed SB 88, which would have directed the California Air Resources Board to include biochar in its 2028 Scoping Plan.DEPARTMENT FOR CDR IN GERMAN GOVERNMENT The German Environment Ministry has released its organizational chart, revealing a new department focused on CDR within the National and European Climate Policy division, highlighting CDR’s rising political significance in Germany.DAC MARKET SNAPSHOT A new report from CDR.fyi reveals that from 2022 to H1 2025, 2.47 million t of DAC credits were contracted, but just 1,186 t (~0.05 %) have been delivered. Three companies constitute 80 % of sales, while over $2.3 billion in private investment has flowed into the sector. Analysts warn that without reaching capture costs of $200-300/t, DAC may struggle to scale and could be out-competed by other removal technologies.CDR SURVEY IN CANADA A national survey by the Carbon Business Council and Carbon Removal Canada reveals significant public support for CDR. Nearly two-thirds of Canadians (64%) support CDR initiatives, while four in five (81%) consider removals essential to building a strong future for the country. This support cuts across traditional political divides, with 77% of Liberal voters, 76% of NDP voters & 51% of Conservative voters endorsing CDR. Regionally, Quebec (74%) and Ontario (68%) lead in support.Read on to unpack more updates: COMMERCIAL NEWS Share Carbon Removal Updates RESEARCH PAPERSAuthors: Yuzhi Tang, Chao Yang, Haishan Wu, Zihao Xu et al.Synopsis: An evaluation of 52 voluntary REDD+ projects across 12 tropical countries found that only 19% met their reported emissions reduction targets, though many still achieved partial climate benefits. About 13.2% of tradable credits were supported by counterfactual analysis, with stronger performance in Brazil and Africa. Despite ongoing concerns about over-crediting, the study finds greater climate impact than earlier reports and calls for improved baseline and verification methods to enhance REDD+ credibility.
Authors: Milad Shakouri Kalfati, Ahmed AbdullahSynopsis: Researchers developed an open-source process model for solid sorbent DAC that accounts for varying climate conditions such as temperature and humidity. The model enables users to adjust plant design, sorbents, and location to assess site-specific performance. Validated for cold-climate sorbents, results show how environmental factors influence capture efficiency and energy demand—supporting improved DAC design, siting, and system optimization.
Authors: Matthias Kreuzburg, Astrid Hylén, Devon B. Cole, Stephen J Romaniello, et al.Synopsis: Researchers studied Hawai‘i’s olivine-rich Papakōlea Beach as a natural analogue for marine enhanced rock weathering (mERW). They observed CO₂ sequestration through alkalinity release but found that complex biogeochemical interactions make it difficult to precisely measure weathering rates, highlighting key challenges for monitoring and verification of mERW in coastal environments.
Authors: Gunter Flipkens, Greet Lembregts, and Filip MeysmanSynopsis: This study assessed cement and lime kiln dust (CKD, LKD) for OAE to remove atmospheric CO₂. Both dissolved rapidly, releasing alkalinity and offering significant sequestration potential, up to 25 Mt CO₂/yr for CKD and 8.7 Mt CO₂/yr for LKD. Despite their promise as OAE feedstocks, high turbidity risks highlight the need for cautious, ecologically sensitive deployment strategies.
Authors: Abdolvahhab Fetanat, Mohsen TayebiSynopsis: To address worsening environmental extremes in southern Iran, researchers developed an intelligent decision support system (DSS) using the Delphi-fuzzy molecular ranking (DFMORAN) model to evaluate ten climate intervention technologies based on sustainability and feasibility. Among options like SAI, MCB, DACCS, and BECCS, afforestation/reforestation and soil carbon sequestration ranked highest as the most sustainable and effective strategies for regional mitigation.
Authors: J.A. Clarkson, A.B.A. French, S.D. Guest, C.J. BurgoyneSynopsis: Researchers propose a lightweight prestressed hyperboloid cable-net design for solar updraft towers to support large-scale greenhouse gas removal. Analytical and physical models confirmed structural feasibility for a 1000 m-tall tower. While such towers could generate the vast airflow needed for CO₂ capture, calculations reveal major challenges in achieving meaningful large-scale greenhouse gas removal efficiency.
Authors: Ronghui Wu, Hernan E. Delgado, Yi Xie, Yuanke Chen, et al.Synopsis: A new distributed DAC system uses carbon nanofiber (CNF) air filters integrated into building ventilation to remove CO₂ efficiently. With a capture potential of 596 MtCO₂ per year, the filters offer 92.1% carbon removal efficiency and can be regenerated using solar or electrothermal energy, reducing costs ($209–668 per tonne) and energy demand compared to centralized DAC plants.
Authors: Qinqin Wang, Yuanxiao Xu, Guofeng Zhu, Yinying Jiao, Dongdong Qiu, et al.Synopsis: This study examines how terracing and vegetation management affect soil carbon pools on China’s Loess Plateau. Soil samples from 0–100 cm depths show that terraced croplands have significantly higher soil organic carbon than sloping lands, 1.5 times more in wheat fields, mainly in the top 30 cm. Terracing improves water retention and soil quality, while replanting crops or fruit trees enhances SOC, supporting carbon sequestration and sustainable land management.
Authors: Conor Hickey, Stuart Jenkins,Myles AllenSynopsis: This study introduces a risk management framework for carbon removal portfolios combining forestry, biochar, and geological storage to help achieve net-zero targets. It shows that long-term temperature stabilization depends on portfolio durability, moderate-risk portfolios need 0.3–0.8 tCO₂ extra removal per tonne stored, while high-risk ones require over 9 tCO₂. Portfolios with near-total CO₂ re-release are ineffective, underscoring the need for durable carbon storage in climate policy and corporate strategies.
Authors: Tim M Nisbet, Alexander W van der MadeSynopsis: DAC is essential for achieving net-zero emissions by removing atmospheric CO₂ through either permanent storage (DAC-CCS) or utilization in fuels and chemicals (DAC-CCU). Scalable, cost-effective DAC systems must ensure long-term reliability, low pressure drop, and resistance to fouling under diverse weather conditions. Unlike academia, commercial patents increasingly address these engineering and durability challenges, emphasizing the need for capital-efficient designs and recyclable sorbents.
Authors: Lennart Thomas Bach, Michael Dominik Tyka, Bin Wang, Katja FennelSynopsis: OAE increases seawater’s ability to absorb CO₂ by boosting total alkalinity (TA). This study models how TA perturbations (∆TA) from different OAE methods evolve over time and space, revealing that extreme ∆TA (>1000 μmol kg⁻¹) occurs only briefly and in tiny volumes, while moderate ∆TA (1–100 μmol kg⁻¹) dominates real-world conditions. It warns that lab experiments using unrealistically high ∆TA may exaggerate OAE’s impacts, underscoring the need for better contextualization in environmental assessments.
Authors: Zishan Wang, Jun Wang, Hao Zhou, Qixiang Cai, Ran Yan, et al.Synopsis: This study examines the impact of record-breaking heavy rainfall over China’s Yangtze River Valley in June–July 2020 on carbon sequestration. Using OCO-2 satellite data and two biosphere models (VEGAS, LPJwsl), results show sharp declines in net biome productivity (−17 to −24 Tg C), mainly due to reduced sunlight lowering gross primary production. Although carbon uptake rebounded after rainfall ceased, reduced radiation remained the dominant driver of weakened and delayed ecosystem recovery.
Authors: Kailong Cui, Yaoping Cui, Xiangzheng Deng, Chaosheng Zhang, et al.Synopsis: Using satellite imagery and local data, this study developed a method to map and quantify urban trees and their carbon stocks in Dublin, Ireland. By combining a new “urban tree canopy index” with 3D modeling and machine learning, researchers identified 190,000 tree patches containing over 400,000 trees, storing 12.11 Mt of carbon. The approach achieved high accuracy (R² > 0.86) and can be applied across cities to support green planning and enhance urban climate resilience.
Authors: Isabella L. Steeley, Edson S. França, Dimitar Z. Epihov, Noah J. Planavsky, David J. BeerlingSynopsis: This review highlights how combining agroforestry with enhanced rock weathering (EW) could reduce emissions from cacao production, a key but carbon-intensive crop. Modeling suggests that applying EW to just 10% of cocoa farmland offers high mitigation potential. However, field trials are needed to confirm results and assess ecological impacts. Integrating EW with agroforestry could align cacao farming with climate goals while improving agricultural resilience.
Authors: Wei-Bo ChenSynopsis: This study (1985–2022) uses neural-network ocean data to reveal rising surface ocean carbon storage and accelerating acidification. Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) increased by 0.75 μmol kg⁻¹ yr⁻¹, while pH fell by 0.00164 yr⁻¹, showing intensified acidification and a stronger carbon sink (~2.0 PgC yr⁻¹). Regional patterns show major uptake in the North Atlantic and Southern Ocean, with CO₂ outgassing near the equator. Structural shifts in 1997–98 and 2012–13 mark human-driven changes, while weakening buffering capacity threatens future sequestration.
Authors: Harun Niron, Tullia Calogiuri, Abhijeet Singh, et al.Synopsis: This study explores how organic additives can enhance carbon capture via Enhanced Silicate Weathering (ESW) using dunite, a fast-dissolving silicate mineral. Flowthrough experiments showed citrate greatly boosted carbon sequestration (1.7–2.5 mol-C/mol-citrate), while oxalate had moderate and EDTA negative effects. Citrate improved dissolution by preventing Fe-layer passivation and promoting Mg release.
Authors: Sara Groppelli, Davide Calvi, Federico Comazzi, Samira Jamali Alamooti, et al.Synopsis: This mesocosm study tested pH-equilibrated Ocean Alkalinization (pHeqOA) using Limenet® technology in the Gulf of La Spezia to assess its effects on phytoplankton communities. Moderate bicarbonate enrichment improved ecological stability and boosted diatom resilience, while oversaturation caused carbonate precipitation and alkalinity loss.
Authors: Adam V. Subhas, Jennie E. Rheuban, Zhaohui Aleck Wang, et al.Synopsis: A 2023 ship-based tracer experiment south of Martha’s Vineyard tested a new MRV framework for OAE. Using rhodamine tracers and in situ data, researchers created a dynamic baseline to better detect carbon uptake signals, reducing variability by up to 60%. Results showed measurable CO₂ removal potential through changes in pH, alkalinity, and DIC, supporting the refinement of MRV tools for OAE.
Authors: Lun Wang, Yuhang Liu, Zhanhai Li, Xilin Gu, Lijun YuSynopsis: This study introduces a real-time optimization framework to integrate DAC systems with renewable energy sources (RES), addressing curtailment and improving negative emissions efficiency. By enabling flexible, minute-level scheduling and eliminating reliance on perfect foresight, the system co-optimizes DAC and RES operations. A wind farm case study shows cost reductions by 80%, curtailment use above 90%, and annual CO₂ capture of 1.5 Mt.
Carbon storage portfolios for the transition to net zero (Source)WEB POSTSREPORTSCDR BOOKUPCOMING EVENTSOctober 2025November 2025December 2025(NEW) DeCarbon Tokyo 2025 | 3-4 December 2025 | Tokyo, Japan2026We have curated a “Carbon Removal Events Calendar.” Explore and stay informed about upcoming events, conferences, and webinars on Carbon Dioxide Removal technology. Sync specific events / all events to your default calendar to ensure you never miss out on important CDR updates. Carbon Removal Events Calendar Add our Carbon Removal Events Calendar to your default calendar in 2 ways: Head to this link: https://teamup.com/kshqbfhrqkw36sxymd Sync specific event: Click the event → menu (≡) → Share → choose your calendar → Save. Or sync all events: Menu (≡) → Preferences → iCalendar Feeds → Copy URL → Add to your calendar settings → Subscribe. JOB OPPORTUNITIES“CREW’s technology and services make wastewater treatment cheaper and more efficient, while permanently sequestering CO₂.”
“Paebbl transforms CO₂ into valuable construction materials. Our technology locks CO₂ into mineral form, producing high-performance construction materials that help reduce global emissions.”
“At Avnos, we’re building hardware that doesn’t just capture carbon - it creates water. Our Hybrid Direct Air Capture (HDAC) system is the first of its kind: removing CO₂ from the air while producing clean water in the same process. It’s a breakthrough that makes carbon removal viable anywhere on Earth - and we’re scaling unit production fast.”
“PUR is a global, impact-focused B-Corp specializing in the development of environmental restoration projects, known as ‘nature-based solutions’ (NbS).”
“Ocean Visions is a science-based, not-for-profit conservation organization. We work with and across diverse sectors and disciplines to identify, co-design, evaluate, and support the implementation of ocean-based solutions to counter and reverse climate impacts.”
“At Heirloom, we are turning that into reality. We use the natural carbon capture properties of abundant minerals to pull CO2 from the air, and store it permanently underground. We come to work every day to slow climate change, and are united behind a single, common goal - to remove 1 billion tons of CO2 from the sky by 2035, and to not stop before we get there.”
“Climeworks is a leading high-quality carbon removal provider, combining decades of expertise in Direct Air Capture (DAC) technology with a holistic approach to carbon removal solutions.”
“Isometric is the world’s leading carbon removal registry.”
“Patch exists to put the planet back in balance by scaling unified climate action through software, market infrastructure, and culture-driven execution.”
“MZT is London-based climate tech startup working to reinvent carbon for a thriving planet. Since 2020, we have rapidly pioneered the world’s most versatile direct air capture (DAC) technology to recover historic CO₂ emissions from the atmosphere, anywhere at any scale.”
“InPlanet is scaling Enhanced Rock Weathering (ERW) in tropical agriculture as a powerful method to remove carbon, regenerate soils, and transform the way food is grown in the tropics.”
Looking for your dream job in CDR? There are 641 jobs available *right now*: check them all out at: CDRjobs Board
PODCASTS“Government support gives confidence in carbon markets,” Fiona Perera, Gold Standard | Carbonsations | "Government support gives confidence in carbon markets," Fiona Perera, Gold Standard Carbonsations 41:19 |
“For this episode, we’re joined by Dr. Fiona Perera, Manager of Methodology Development & Innovations at Gold Standard. Fiona talks about the importance of robust carbon removal methodologies, the delecate balancing act between scientific rigor and the urgency of bringing new CDR solutions to market, and why government backing is crucial for today’s carbon markets.”
“On this episode, I speak with Matt Atwood, Aircapture’s founder and CEO, about how his company is not only working to reduce atmospheric CO₂, but also profitably supplying it to industries that rely on the gas today—like beverage makers, greenhouses, and more. Instead of relying on fossil fuel byproducts or ethanol fermentation for their CO₂, companies can now get a cleaner, more reliable, and often cheaper supply directly from the air.Matt explains how Aircapture’s approach differs from traditional large-scale carbon capture projects by focusing on on-site, modular units that can be shipped in a container and installed within weeks. These systems already commercially operate in the U.S., Europe, the Middle East, and Asia, giving customers local CO₂ while shrinking supply chain emissions.”
This CDR Legend Just Catalogued (Nearly) All Carbon Removal Companies—w/ Grant Faber | Reversing Climate Change | 370: This CDR Legend Just Catalogued (Nearly) All Carbon Removal Companies—w/ Grant Faber Reversing Climate Change 50:56 |
“What happens when you build a list of very nearly every carbon dioxide removal company in existence? You get access to intriguing data and the pride of a very laborious job done well. Presumably you also get to take a nap.Grant Faber is a long-time carbon removal community fixture working on Life Cycle Analysis and Techno-Economic Assessment. Formerly of the Department of Energy, he now works with Absolute Climate (coincidentally, a sponsor of this episode!)Listen is as Grant shares what he has learned about looking at so many technology and project developers, whether it is better to be one-of-a-kind or in a community of methodological fellow travelers, and where he would go if he were ready to found his own company.”
Article 6.4 Non-Permanence Standard: Progress or Confusion? - with Olga Gassan-zade | The CDR Policy Scoop | Article 6.4 Non-Permanence Standard: Progress or Confusion? - with Olga Gassan-zade The CDR Policy Scoop 26:59 |
“What does the new Article 6.4 Standard on Non-Permanence and Reversals mean for carbon removal projects?It has just been adopted by the Supervisory Body after lengthy deliberations and a huge inflow of stakeholder comments.The new standard remains controversial. Some stakeholders welcome the adopted standard, given its improvements compared to the draft versions. Others highlight the negative impacts on the carbon markets due to pushing decisions on key elements (like the percentage of negligible risk and post-crediting monitoring period) down to the methodology level.How will the new standard impact carbon removal project development and the approval process?We’re excited to welcome Olga Gassan‑zade, a member of the Article 6.4 Supervisory Body, to share personal views on these developments and explore what they mean for carbon removal projects and stakeholders worldwide.Join co‑host Eve Tamme for this deep‑dive on permanence, governance, and the future of carbon removal under the Paris Agreement Crediting Mechanism.”
YOUTUBE VIDEOSHow to Get Certified: Strategies for Carbon Removal Suppliers | Carbonfuture “Navigating the certification process is a critical priority for carbon removal suppliers looking to deliver credits and connect with buyers. In this webinar, we brought together three leading CDR Standards to unpack how these bodies ensure the integrity of the entire carbon removal process. We covered the full certification lifecycle, from methodology and independent verification to long-term monitoring and reporting.Our panel explained how certification decisions and integrity can impact your time to market (and revenue), while providing practical advice on how to address the common challenges that suppliers face.”
Global Launch | Roadmap to Net Zero Aligned Carbon Market Regulation | OxfordSmithSchool “Launch of the Roadmap to Net-Zero Aligned Carbon Market Regulation – a framework document that guides advanced, emerging and developing economies to robustly regulate their engagement with carbon markets.Carbon markets hold significant potential in unlocking finance for climate mitigation goals, with sustainable development and just transition co-benefits. However, to realise their potential, they require effective and robust regulation. Whereas carbon market laws, policies and guidance are emerging across the globe, these efforts are ad hoc and typically not net zero aligned.To introduce harmony in the carbon market regulatory landscape, we offer a Roadmap with six high-level pillars to guide governments in designing net-zero aligned carbon market regulations. We further operationalise these pillars across different jurisdictional contexts, recognising differences in national realities.”
Public perception researcher studies AirMiners Boot Up | Tito - AirMiners Russ George - Ocean Iron Fertilization | Healthy Planet Action Coalition “In 2012, Russ George worked with the Haida Salmon Restoration Corporation in British Columbia to add iron to the waters of the North Pacific Ocean at the point where salmon fingerlings most needed food. The project encountered criticism from scientific and environmental organizations and media.Russ will share his perspective on the science and politics of ocean replenishment and restoration and its potential role in climate cooling and fisheries enhancement.”
Calculating Carbon Credits from Biochar Production | Bambu Batu “Carbon Credits are a hot topic these days, and biochar is one of the most reputable and reliable methods of carbon removal. And woody bamboo is one of the best feedstocks for biochar. So how many carbon credits can you get from your biochar project?”
The UK GGR Event | CO₂RE - The Greenhouse Gas Removal Hub - Playlist“The UK Greenhouse Gas Removal Event was held from 29 September to 1 October 2025 at the Royal Institution in London. The event celebrated the achievements of the UKRI-funded Greenhouse Gas Removal Demonstrators programme and fostered debate on what GGR needs to scale up sustainably in the UK. These recordings are from Day 2 of the event, which focused on the impact of the programme’s research and fostered debate on what comes next for GGR in the UK.”
Speaking in Tonnes: Conversations on Carbon Removal with easyJet | 1PointFive “Achieving net zero by 2050 is both complex and critical for easyJet. As Director of Sustainability at easyJet, Lahiru Ranasinghe and his team is driving that ambition forward through the three R’s: reduce, replace, and remove. 1PointFive’s Anna Stukas and Ian Collier join him in a conversation about easyJet’s net-zero road map and discuss why carbon removals should complement sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) alongside other new innovations shaping the future of the airline industry.”
Novel marine-climate interventions: The current global status and how we can govern them responsibly | OCTO (Open Communications for the Ocean) ”Novel marine-climate interventions – such as ocean alkalinity enhancement, assisted evolution of marine species, assisted migration of marine species, regrowing targeted species, restoring habitat, and aquaculture for carbon sequestration – are being rapidly implemented to address both the causes and consequences of warming oceans. A recent survey revealed five types and 17 sub-types of interventions proposed or deployed in 37 marine systems globally. There is low consensus in climate goals being pursued by these interventions, however, and there is limited assessment and management of the broader ecological, cultural and social risks and benefits. This webinar will present the types of novel interventions being developed or deployed, their geographic distribution and stage of development (i.e., pilot or full deployment at regional scale), types of climate goals and benefits pursued, and current arrangements (if any) for responsible governance. Recommendations for responsibly governing these interventions at both pilot and upscaled deployment – such as robust evaluation of opportunity cost of alternative actions, bioethical and cumulative impact assessment at pilot scales, and building in triggers for downscaling or exits based on community monitoring - will also be discussed.”
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