Biological carbon sinks in aquaculture: evaluating sequestration potential and integration into carbon markets

[Geoengineering News]

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10499-026-02551-w

Authors: Christian Larbi Ayisi, Samuel Ayeh Osei, Adelaide Henewaa & Rosemary Anderson Akolaa 

04 May 2026

Abstract

Interests in carbon markets worldwide have increased significantly due to the growing urgency of climate change mitigation, prompting a reassessment of nature-based solutions for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Wetland environments and forests have long been recognized as carbon sinks, but little is known about how aquaculture helps sequester carbon and how it may be included into carbon credit markets. With a focus on shellfish, seaweed, and integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA), this study examines the potential of aquaculture systems to sequester carbon. This study also examines how prepared various aquaculture systems are to take part in compliance and voluntary carbon markets. Through biological processes including carbonate shell formation, photosynthetic CO2 uptake, and sedimentary carbon burial, aquaculture can function as a blue carbon sink. The study outlined crucial conditions for inclusion in carbon credit schemes, including additionality, permanence, and measurability. It also provided insight into new methodologies and technological developments, including life cycle assessment, AI-based monitoring, and blockchain for transparent carbon accounting. Notwithstanding these benefits, a number of barriers still stand in the way of progress, including the high costs of verification for small-scale producers, the restrictive regulatory frameworks, and the lack of scientific clarity surrounding carbon measurement. Policymakers’ heightened interest in aquaculture and its potential to significantly impact national climate policies are demonstrated by case studies of blue carbon projects and pilot programs. To realize this potential fully, the study suggests increased investment in research, capacity building, and policy integration. The aquaculture sector can play an important role in the production of climate-smart food, ensuring environmental restoration and sustainable development by bridging gaps between aquaculture and carbon finance.

Source: Springer Nature Link