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Support This Newsletter TABLE OF CONTENTSNote: Click on the headings listed in the table of contents above to easily navigate to the sections you’re interested in. THIS WEEK’S TOP CDR HIGHLIGHTSCRCF REGULATIONS: The European Commission has adopted implementing rules under the Carbon Removals and Carbon Farming (CRCF) Regulation, launching a voluntary EU-wide certification framework for carbon removals and carbon farming. The package includes three new initiatives: an EU Buyers’ Club to pool demand for removal credits, a Carbon Farming Database to ease MRV, and a planned 2026 methodology for carbon storage in buildings - together aiming to scale verified carbon removal across agriculture, forestry and land use. RESEARCH PAPER: New research revealed Africa’s forests, once key carbon sinks, have become net carbon sources since 2010. From 2010-2017, they lost ~106 billion kg of biomass yearly, emitting 132 Tg C/yr (2010-2015) and 41 ± 6 Tg C/yr (2015-2017), driven by deforestation and degradation. The loss jeopardizes a critical climate buffer, highlighting the urgent need for forest protection and restoration. Listen to the discussion on this paper here. GERMANY ADVANCES CDR FINANCE: German Parliament approved the 2026 federal budget, which paves the way for €476 million to be allocated for CDR between 2026 and 2033, including €156 million to be spent next year. SURVEY: CDR.fyi and The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal have launched a new global survey inviting CDR suppliers to report their current and projected carbon removal capacity. The deadline for responses is 15 December 2025. EXPRESSION OF INTEREST: Carbonfuture has opened expressions of interest for a government-backed BECCS project in Denmark, offering permanent geological storage with deliveries from 2026. COMMERCIAL NEWS: Buyers from the Frontier carbon removal advance market coalition have signed a $41 million offtake agreement with Germany-based BECCS company Reverion. Under the agreement, Reverion will use its fuel cell technology to capture and permanently store 96,000 tons of CO2 from biogas in the period between 2027 and 2030. REPORT: A new analysis from energy think tank Ember suggests the UK’s flagship BECCS proposal at Drax Power Station could cost taxpayers up to £30 billion in subsidies, surpassing the country’s entire planned budget for carbon capture and removal over 25 years. LOW-COST DAC DEPLOYED: UK’s Airhive has opened a 1,000-t/yr DAC system at Deep Sky Alpha in Alberta, using fluidized-bed technology. The company targets sub-$500/t CO₂ capture costs by 2026, marking one of the largest and lowest-cost DAC deployments to date.
Read on to unpack more updates: COMMERCIAL NEWS Share RESEARCH PAPERSAuthors: Rosalind M. Coggon, Elliot J. Carter, Lewis J. C. Grant, et al.Synopsis: Talus breccias formed 61 Ma at the slow-spreading Mid-Atlantic Ridge sequester ~7.5 wt% seawater-derived CO₂ - 2–40× more than typical upper crust - via carbonate cementation over 40 Myr. Modeling breccia abundance suggests slow-spreading ridges could store a substantial fraction of CO₂ released during crust formation, with CO₂ uptake scaling nonlinearly with spreading rate, influencing long-term carbon cycle balance.
Authors: Benjamin K. Sovacool, Livia Fritz, Chad M. Baum, Lucilla Losi, Ramit Debnath, et al.Synopsis: This study finds that across Austria, Germany, Italy, Norway, and the UK, public perceptions of carbon removal and solar radiation management are diverse and shaped by climate attitudes, technology views, governance trust, familiarity, and experience of climate change. Surveys (N≈5000) and focus groups reveal that knowledge and familiarity strongly influence support, while preferences vary widely. These findings highlight that “one-size-fits-all” policies risk backlash, and inclusive engagement is essential for equitable and socially acceptable climate intervention deployment.
Authors: Mikita Maslouski, Maria Ansari, Susanne E Hamburger, Johannes Meyer zu Drewer, et al.Synopsis: In temperate soils, biochar provides long-term CDR by increasing soil organic carbon and sustaining a net CO₂ sink (−200 g C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ per ton) over 1000 years. Enhanced rock weathering (ERW) alone reduces SOC and contributes minimally to CO₂ removal, though it increases Ca²⁺ leaching. Co-application or rock-enhanced biochar raises SOC modestly. Biochar emerges as the primary soil-based CDR strategy, while ERW offers minor co-benefits, emphasizing context-specific intervention design.
Authors: Mohammed S. Hashim, Lukas Marx, Frieder Klein, Chloe L. Dean, Emily Burdige, et al.Synopsis: Ocean alkalinity enhancement aims to remove CO2 by adding alkaline substances to seawater, increasing its buffering capacity. Shipboard experiments in the Sargasso Sea show that high alkalinity triggers rapid mineral precipitation, mainly aragonite, reducing OAE efficiency. Precipitation occurs in hours to days, with rates linked to aragonite saturation and delayed by an induction period. Uncontrolled mineral formation can make OAE counterproductive, highlighting the need to manage saturation levels and understand precipitation mechanisms.
Authors: Tim Jesper Suhrhoff, Tom Reershemius, Jacob S. Jordan, Shihan Li, et al.Synopsis: Enhanced weathering (EW) can remove CO2 and improve crop yields, but field-scale quantification is essential for credible carbon removal. A new framework uses soil-based mass balance and accounts for topsoil enrichment to estimate rock powder dissolution. Signal-to-noise analysis shows detection is feasible with adequate application rates, dissolution, and sampling. Optimizing feedstock choice, application strategy, and sampling protocols is key to reliable EW monitoring and project scaling.
Authors: Florian Scholz, Janine Börker, Christoph Vogt, Jens Hartmann & Klaus WallmannSynopsis: Coastal erosion of glacial sediments accelerates seafloor weathering, releasing alkalinity to oceans. While aluminosilicate weathering is offset by clay formation, carbonate dissolution contributes net alkalinity, enhancing CO₂ uptake. With much of the global coastline formerly glaciated, ongoing deglaciation may strengthen this flux, providing a climate-driven negative feedback that partially moderates future atmospheric CO₂ increases.
Authors: Xintong Xu, Chao Xiao, Yadi Yu, Xiaokang Ni, Qingye Yu & Ling ZhangSynopsis: Switchgrass upland ecotype outperforms lowland for Cd phytoremediation and carbon stabilization. Under high Cd (30 mg kg⁻¹), upland maintains stable NECB with reduced root/shoot ratio, while lowland shows decline. Nitrogen application boosts Cd extraction by 165% in upland but increases N₂O emissions. CO₂ emissions rise minimally in upland (6%) versus lowland (25%). Ecotype-specific N management can optimize both heavy metal remediation and carbon sequestration.
Authors: Sunghyeon Han, Jongmin Jin, Hui Song, Jong-In HanSynopsis: This study presents an energy-efficient DAC system combining an impeller-based scrubber with an electrochemical regeneration cell. CFD-optimized impeller design and minimized cell resistance enable stable continuous operation. The integrated system captures CO₂ at 6.94 GJ/t, significantly lower than conventional DAC (7.5–12 GJ/t), demonstrating a promising pathway for energy-efficient atmospheric carbon removal.
Authors: Pedro Rodríguez-Veiga, Joao M. B. Carreiras, Shaun Quegan, Janne Heiskanen, et al.Synopsis: Africa’s forests shifted from a carbon sink to a source between 2010–2017. Satellite-derived biomass maps show gains of 439 ± 66 Tg yr⁻¹ (2007–2010) reversed by losses of −132 ± 20 Tg yr⁻¹ (2010–2015) and −41 ± 6 Tg yr⁻¹ (2015–2017), mainly from tropical deforestation. Savanna gains partly offset losses. Results highlight the urgent need for stronger policies and ambitious NDCs to halt deforestation and preserve natural carbon sinks.
Authors: Esmaeel Eftekharian, Ali Kiani, Vassili Kitsios, Ashok K. Luhar, Paul Feron, Aaron W. Thornton, Kathryn M. EmmersonSynopsis: A new numerical model predicts DAC performance under realistic atmospheric flows, validated by lab experiments. Results show CO₂ capture rate decreases but capture amount rises with higher inlet airflow. LES simulations reveal that wind above 7 m/s causes strong fluctuations and reduces total CO₂ removal by up to ~7.5 % annually at 9 m/s. The model improves prediction of large-scale DAC performance under real environmental conditions.
Authors: Jiang Lu, Nan Wu, Yanxin Lv, Xiaoyu Fang, Haibo Li, Yi Xin & Weiji LiuSynopsis: Long-distance migration-assisted structural trapping enhances offshore CO₂ storage. Simulations show CO₂ accumulates near wells, migrates up-dip, and becomes trapped via capillary hysteresis. Dissolution lowers pH, driving anorthite, dolomite, and limestone dissolution and calcite/kaolinite precipitation, altering porosity and mineralogy. Structural trapping rises during injection but decreases during migration, while residual gas trapping peaks then declines. This mechanism improves long-term storage security and effectiveness.
Authors: Yifeng Wang and Philip KithilSynopsis: A 1-D biogeochemical model of artificial upwelling (AU) quantifies CO₂ uptake via gas exchange, primary production, and biomass settling. Uptake rises quadratically with wind speed, plateaus with nutrient limits, and depends on pump rate, with an optimal rate maximizing sequestration. Nutrient concentration strongly controls carbon uptake, while a minimum threshold of upwelling or biomass parameters is required to sustain primary production in the euphotic layer.
Authors: Xiaohao Jia, Kyle Newport, Ali A. Rownaghi, Fateme RezaeiSynopsis: Fe₃O₄/SBA-15-PEI, a magnetic-responsive adsorbent, enables rapid and energy-efficient DAC via magnetic-induced swing adsorption (MISA). CO₂ uptake improves from 1.21 to 3.2 mmol/g depending on humidity, with heating/cooling rates up to 483% faster than conventional TSA. High desorption efficiency (92.6–99.9%) and stability over 10 humid DAC cycles demonstrate its promise for fast-cycle, low-energy CO₂ capture using smart adsorbents.
Authors: Yang Li, Genxu Wang, Shouqin Sun, Ruiying Chang, Tao Wang, Zhaoyong Hu, Fenglin Xu, Yi Yang & Chunlin SongSynopsis: Alpine lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau sequester 6.7 Tg C yr⁻¹ (2011–2022), about one-fifth of the terrestrial carbon sink, dominated by large alkaline lakes. Future lake expansion under SSP scenarios may increase carbon uptake, though warming reduces efficiency. Accounting for lake-driven carbon sequestration alongside inundated grasslands is crucial for accurate regional carbon budget assessments.
Authors: Yanjie Zhai, Shanhe Gong, Weisong Li, Qing Xia, Tingting Li, et al.Synopsis: A modular porous solid electrolyte (PSE) electrochemical system enables continuous carbon capture from flue gas and ambient air, regenerating >99% pure CO₂ without extra chemicals. Using OER/ORR and Na(bi)carbonate cycling, it achieves high Faradaic efficiency (~85%), stable long-term air capture (>2000 h), and large-scale CO₂ removal (~8820 kg air day⁻¹ m⁻²), offering a scalable route toward net-zero emissions.
Authors: Jens S. Hammes, Jens Hartmann, Johannes A. C. Barth, Tobias Linke, Ingrid Smet, et al.Synopsis: Enhanced weathering can remove CO₂ by converting it into bicarbonate and carbonate, but its CDR potential is highly variable. A two-year greenhouse study tested 13 feedstocks on 7 soil batches, revealing that alkalinity production depends on feedstock type and soil properties, with steel slag performing best. Cation retention exceeded leachate export, limiting realized alkalinity-based CDR. Understanding cation dynamics and saturation is crucial for modeling long-term EW potential, but current data remain insufficient for reliable projections.
Authors: Bo Liu, Erfan Mohammadian, Amin Azdarpour, Rahim Masoudi, Chenlu Xu & Boyang WangSynopsis: Enhanced ex-situ mineral carbonation using South China Sea seawater and calcium-rich additives can store CO₂ efficiently. Laboratory experiments show calcium oxide achieves the highest carbonate yield, aided by seawater’s ionic composition. Geochemical modeling and Monte Carlo economic analysis suggest this approach could lower sequestration costs by 15%, making seawater-based carbonation a promising, scalable strategy for permanent CO₂ storage in coastal regions.
Authors: Junyao Wang, Runkai Chen, Chao Huang, Zhaoyu Guo, Jian Song, Song He, et al.Synopsis: Direct air capture is emerging as a key negative emissions technology. A patent-based review of 367 filings categorizes DAC into liquid absorption, solid adsorption, emerging technologies, and integration. The US leads filings, followed by China and Europe, with industry dominating (72%). DAC, once niche, is increasingly commercially driven, and future innovations are expected to expand across diverse technological approaches, signaling growing global interest and market potential.
Authors: Sophie Gill, Jiayou Ge, Qiong Zhang, Gideon M. Henderson, Rosalind E. M. RickabySynopsis: Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement affects marine calcifiers, with increased alkalinity boosting growth of coccolithophores Gephyrocapsa huxleyi and Coccolithus braarudii. Low TA (~3,000 μmol kg−1) promotes growth and calcification, while higher TA limits calcification due to CO₂ supply, causing malformations. Species-specific responses reflect differences in carbon demand and HCO₃⁻ utilization. The study highlights safe alkalinity thresholds and provides insights into carbonate chemistry impacts on physiology and calcite production in key marine species.
WEB POSTSCarbon Removal Updates is a reader-supported publication. To support my work, consider becoming a paid subscriber. REPORTSUPCOMING EVENTSDecember 20252026We have curated a “Carbon Removal Events Calendar.” Explore and stay informed about upcoming events, conferences, and webinars on Carbon Dioxide Removal technology. Sync specific events / all events to your default calendar to ensure you never miss out on important CDR updates. Carbon Removal Events Calendar Add our Carbon Removal Events Calendar to your default calendar in 2 ways: Head to this link: https://teamup.com/kshqbfhrqkw36sxymd Sync specific event: Click the event → menu (≡) → Share → choose your calendar → Save. Or sync all events: Menu (≡) → Preferences → iCalendar Feeds → Copy URL → Add to your calendar settings → Subscribe. JOB OPPORTUNITIES“CUR8 is driven to build the worldwide market for carbon removals.”
“CarbonCure Technologies is a fast-growing carbon utilization technology company on a mission to reduce embodied carbon in new concrete construction.”
“Removall is at the forefront of carbon emission reduction solutions and helps companies offset their emissions through verified, high-quality carbon projects. Our mission is to make carbon neutrality achievable, transparent, and effective.”
“At neustark, we’re all in for one mission: permanently removing one million tons of CO2 in 2030, and even more every year beyond that. Why? It’s a no-brainer: we want to enable a bright future for all future generations on our planet. And for that, we need to reduce and remove CO2, now.”
“AEROC develops multi-sensing technologies that combine remote sensing, drone-based measurements, and proximal sensing to provide high-resolution soil information for Enhanced Rock Weathering (ERW) project developers.”
“The Climate Systems Engineering initiative (CSEi) is a new University-wide research effort seeded in the Physical Sciences Division (PSD) and part of a larger climate and energy focus at the University of Chicago, anchored in the Institute for Climate and Sustainable Growth. CSEi addresses the science, engineering, and policy of new technologies to reduce or reverse the harms from accumulated greenhouse gasses, including open-systems carbon removal, solar geoengineering, and local interventions to slow the melting of glaciers. The initiative spans engineering, physical and biological sciences, social sciences, humanistic approaches, behavioral science, law, policy and ethics, bringing together a collaborative group of faculty and researchers and leveraging the global network and partnerships of the University.”
“Charm Industrial’s mission is to return the atmosphere to 280 ppm CO₂. We convert excess inedible biomass into carbon-rich bio-oil and inject it into underground storage for permanent carbon removal. At scale, we can use bio-oil to make fossil-free iron.”
“InPlanet is a mission-driven, remote-first ClimateTech startup headquartered between Germany and Brazil with hubs in Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, New York and London. They’re scaling Enhanced Rock Weathering (ERW) in tropical agriculture as a powerful method to remove carbon, regenerate soils, and transform the way food is grown in the tropics.”
“Terradot’s mission is to stabilize Earth’s climate by transforming nature’s most powerful permanent carbon removal process into a global climate solution.”
“The Carbon Business Council (CO2BC) is a global coalition of more than 100 leading companies and nonprofits advancing carbon management. CO2BC champions the role of carbon management in driving economic growth and creating a more prosperous planet.”
Looking for your dream job in CDR? There are 615 jobs available *right now*: check them all out at: CDRjobs Board
PODCASTSWhat did COP30 deliver for CDR? - with Chris Neidl | The CDR Policy Scoop | What did COP30 deliver for CDR? - with Chris Neidl The CDR Policy Scoop 29:28 |
“COP30 is behind us with two weeks of intense negotiations, pledges, and a full Action Agenda. But now comes the REAL question: Did any of it *actually* move the needle for CDR?From political signals, to a mix of announcements, to the outcomes of different negotiation tracks, what does COP30 mean for the future of carbon removal deployment and governance?To unpack it all, we’re thrilled to welcome back Christopher Neidl, Carbon Removal Lead with the Climate High-Level Champions. Chris was deeply embedded in the action at Belém and shares fresh insights from the ground.Join Eve Tamme, our co-host, who keenly followed the negotiations, and Sebastian Manhart for this post‑COP debrief with Chris as we analyse the outcomes, surprises, and lessons for the global CDR community.”
YOUTUBE VIDEOS“Australia’s New CDR Roadmap” | Mission Innovation “Australia has just released its ambitious CDR Roadmap which is a landmark document not only for Australia, but for the whole global CDR community.”
Grounded Solutions: Biochar’s Role in Carbon Removal - 4-Minute Highlights | CRBC London | Carbon Removal Breakfast Club “This edition focused on biochar’s role in carbon removal and what it takes to scale financeable, durable climate solutions.”
African Forests: Critical Carbon Source Transition | Remove and Reflect Podcast “This episode covers a scientific paper that details a critical shift in the African continent’s role in the global carbon cycle, reporting that the region’s forests transitioned from a net carbon sink to a net carbon source between 2010 and 2017. This conclusion is based on a continent-wide, high-resolution analysis of aboveground woody biomass, generated using advanced satellite remote sensing and machine learning models validated with independent field data. The primary driver of this reversal was the substantial biomass loss due to deforestation in Tropical Moist Broadleaf Forests, although these losses were slightly mitigated by biomass gains observed in savanna regions. This research provides evidence of a rapid acceleration in aboveground biomass loss, reversing a previous period of biomass accumulation across Africa. The authors argue that this shift has serious consequences for international climate goals, requiring more ambitious emissions reduction efforts and reinforced forest conservation strategies like REDD+ to protect the vital remaining carbon stocks.”
European Public Attitudes Toward Climate Intervention Technologies | Remove and Reflect Podcast “This episode covers an academic article that presents an analysis of European public opinion regarding two sets of climate interventions: Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) and Solar Radiation Management (SRM). Researchers employed a mixed-methods approach, synthesizing results from five nationally representative surveys and ten focus groups spanning Austria, Germany, Italy, Norway, and the United Kingdom. The study finds a significant knowledge gap, with publics expressing widespread lack of familiarity with most technologies, particularly SRM, although conventional, nature-based CDR methods are better recognized. Attitudes across the countries reflect a pervasive aversion to tampering with nature, often counterbalanced by general worry about climate change impacts. Furthermore, when considering governance, respondents place the highest degree of confidence in universities and scientific institutes to oversee these technologies, while displaying comparatively low trust in national governments and industry. The findings suggest that effective governance requires context-sensitive policies and robust public engagement, rather than standardized solutions.”
Speaking in Tonnes: Conversations on Carbon Removal with NYK Line | 1PointFive “Achieving net zero by 2050 is one of the maritime industry’s most pressing challenges. Captain Yohei Mozumi, Manager of the Decarbonization Group at NYK Line, joins 1PointFive’s Eugene Zamastsyanin to discuss how carbon removal supports NYK’s transition to lower-carbon operations. Their conversation also explores how mechanisms like Book & Claim can help cargo owners cut Scope 3 emissions, as well as regulation’s role in charting the industry’s course to net zero.”
The Global Heating Emergency: What’s the Plan? | Negative Emissions Platform “This event will elucidate the current dramatic acceleration of global temperatures, discuss the expected impacts on humanity and planetary ecosystems, the prospective roles of CDR, emissions reductions, and sunlight reflection in averting 2 degrees, and the practical next steps for the global community to mobilize around a new, comprehensive climate plan.”
Why Climate-Relevant Timescales Matter for Carbon Storage | Institute for Responsible Carbon Removal “Join the Institute for Responsible Carbon Removal for the next event in its webinar series, “Scrubbing the Skies: The Role of Carbon Dioxide Removal in Combating Climate Change.” The series focuses on scientific, technological, legal, political, and justice-focused issues associated with carbon dioxide removal, and is hosted by the Institute’s Co-Director Wil Burns.”
Grounded Solutions: Biochar’s Role in Carbon Removal | Carbon Removal Breakfast Club “Topics covered• How biochar creates both climate and co-benefits• Why “mandating perfection” slows progress• Financeability and risk for biochar projects• How operators work with corporates, offtakers and banks• The role of measurement, MRV and trust• Stories from the field”
“Ocean Sequestration of Carbon and Climate Resilience” - a biweekly International Seminar Series endorsed by UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (UNESCO Ocean).”
Reaching Net Zero: How Data and AI Can Accelerate Carbon Removals | The Patrick J. McGovern Foundation “Last year, the world emitted over 37 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide. To reach the goal of global net-zero, we need to complement global efforts to reduce emissions by scaling the most promising methods of carbon dioxide removal (CDR), such as enhanced rock weathering and ocean-based removals. That work demands new forms of visionary leadership, open data and science, and cross-industry collaboration.PJMF partners Cascade Climate and CarbonPlan are two organizations that continue to lead the charge through innovative technology, creative partnerships, and deep commitment to the power of science and data.”
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