Hansen et al: Major reassessment of GW and implications

[Greg Rau]

https://academic.oup.com/oocc/article/3/1/kgad008/7335889?searchresult=1

"Improved knowledge of glacial-to-interglacial global temperature change yields Charney (fast-feedback) equilibrium climate sensi- tivity 1.2 ± 0.3�C (2r) per W/m2, which is 4.8�C ± 1.2�C for doubled CO2. Consistent analysis of temperature over the full Cenozoic era—including ‘slow’ feedbacks by ice sheets and trace gases—supports this sensitivity and implies that CO2 was 300–350 ppm in the Pliocene and about 450 ppm at transition to a nearly ice-free planet, exposing unrealistic lethargy of ice sheet models. Equilibrium global warming for today’s GHG amount is 10�C, which is reduced to 8�C by today’s human-made aerosols. Equilibrium warming is not ‘committed’ warming; rapid phaseout of GHG emissions would prevent most equilibrium warming from occurring. However, de- cline of aerosol emissions since 2010 should increase the 1970–2010 global warming rate of 0.18�C per decade to a post-2010 rate of at least 0.27�C per decade. Thus, under the present geopolitical approach to GHG emissions, global warming will exceed 1.5�C in the 2020s and 2�C before 2050. Impacts on people and nature will accelerate as global warming increases hydrologic (weather) extremes. The enormity of consequences demands a return to Holocene-level global temperature. Required actions include: (1) a global increas- ing price on GHG emissions accompanied by development of abundant, affordable, dispatchable clean energy, (2) East-West coopera- tion in a way that accommodates developing world needs, and (3) intervention with Earth’s radiation imbalance to phase down today’s massive human-made ‘geo-transformation’ of Earth’s climate. Current political crises present an opportunity for reset, espe- cially if young people can grasp their situation."

GR - CDR notably downplayed in this assessment:

"The 0.03 W/m2 gap in 2022 could be closed by extracting CO2 from the air. However, required negative emissions (CO2 extracted from the air and stored per- manently) must be larger than the desired atmospheric CO2 re- duction by a factor of about 1.7 [63]. Thus, the required CO2 extraction is 2.1 ppm, which is 7.6 GtC. Based on a pilot direct-air carbon capture plant, Keith [202] estimates an extraction cost of $450–920 per tC, as clarified elsewhere [203]. Keith’s cost range yields an extraction cost of $3.4–7.0 trillion. That covers excess emissions in 2022 only; it is an annual cost. Given the difficulty the UN faced in raising $0.1 trillion for climate purposes and the growing emissions gap (Fig. 31), this example shows the need toreduce emissions as rapidly as practical and shows that carbon capture cannot be viewed as the solution, although it may play a role in a portfolio of policies, if its cost is driven down."

"The IPCC scenario that moves rapidly to negative global emissions (RCP2.6) has vast biomass- burning powerplants that capture and sequester CO2, a nature- ravaging, food-security-threatening [206], proposition without scientific and engineering credibility and without a realistic chance of being deployed at scale and on time to address the cli- mate threat."

I don't disagree, but there are other ways to do CDR.

[Josh Perfetto]

Video presentation on the aforementioned paper: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NXDWpBlPCY8

-Josh

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[Ken Caldeira]

At what point did it become acceptable for scientific research papers to prescribe policy?

As Hume pointed out, science is about what is.

Those facts, when combined with our values, can tell us what we ought to do, but what we ought to do is never a scientific conclusion.

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[Adam Wolf]

Disagree

One of the most profound learnings I have had in the last decade is that the most effective set of coordinated actions is:

A scientific finding 

A news event

A policy decision

As an example, this was very effective with a set of work covering fugitive methane leaks:

The paper:

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aar7204

The news:

https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/13/us/obama-methane-epa.html

The policy:

https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2016-09/documents/nsps-overview-fs.pdf

I am nearly of the conviction there is no role for science that is divorced from a policy decision or societal challenge.  Certainly I don't believe there are laws of nature hanging out waiting to be discovered and reported, detached from the individual human decisions on what to fund and what to investigate. 

A

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[Jack Sullivan]

What’s being lost within the commentary surrounding Dr. Hansen’s latest paper is his conclusion that Le Chatelier’s Principle “will” apply (in aggregate) to large scale CDR.  It’s important to note that the IPCC AR6 concluded (with low confidence) that negative emission technologies should be scaled assuming a 1-to-1 ratio with regard to target removals.

 

From Dr. Hansen’s paper:

“…required negative emissions (CO2 extracted from the air and stored permanently) must be larger than the desired atmospheric CO2 reduction by a factor of about 1.7…  Thus, the required CO2 extraction is …7.6 GtC.”

 

I assume this to be an annual target.  Which equates to 25+ Gt’s of CO2 removal and sequestration.  Which is much higher than any public target for the CDR industry I’ve seen.  Which means the industry is aiming way too low if we want to achieve a safe climate future.

 

I look forward to reviewing the comments of others regarding this topic.

 

Jack Sullivan, Chairman & Founder

RedCarbon

--

[Nando Breiter]

Is the fact that politicians are unable and/or unwilling to adopt effective policy to address climate change more "acceptable"? 

I think it is perfectly appropriate for those that have the capacity to understand a topic to take the lead on guiding the rest of society. Who else would be as qualified? In fact, would it be irresponsible of someone with that capacity of understanding to not guide policy? I think the answer to that is definitely yes, it would be, particularly given the fact that if Hansen and others do not, in our day and age the gap will be filled by people who are completely unqualified to do so. We have abundant evidence already that this is what occurs. 

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[Greg Rau]

Because of the relevance to CDR, I'm taking the liberty of pasting below comments posted elsewhere re Hansen's paper:

----- Forwarded Message -----

From: Bruce Melton -- Austin, Texas <bme...@earthlink.net>

To: James Hansen <jimeh...@gmail.com>; Peter Eisenberger <peter.ei...@gmail.com>

Cc: Ye Tao <t...@rowland.harvard.edu>; H simmens <hsim...@gmail.com>; Robert Chris <robert...@gmail.com>; healthy-planet-action-coalition <healthy-planet-...@googlegroups.com>; Planetary Restoration <planetary-...@googlegroups.com>; via NOAC Meetings <noac-m...@googlegroups.com>; Healthy Climate Alliance <healthy-clim...@googlegroups.com>; Nadia Kock <nadias...@gmail.com>; Nicholas Moore Eisenberger <nich...@globalthermostat.com>; Matt Atwood <ma...@aircapture.co>

Sent: Monday, November 6, 2023, 08:39:38 AM PST

Subject: [HCA-list] Re: [prag] Re: Global warming in the pipeline | Oxford Open Climate Change | Oxford Academic

Jim and all,

There are already more than 200, 1 million plus ton per year units committed because of the enhancements to IRS45Q in the IRA. There is no cap on the new cash payment of $180/ton, and most of the units committed are direct sequestration not enhanced oil recovery. Because the three main processes  being utilized (lime-potash, amines and cryoseparation), are all 100-year old and widely adopted in industry, and their components even more widely adopted, and there is no cap on pay; widespread scaling will be rapid and robust because literally trillions in revenue are on the line.

The cost today of Kieth's lime-potash process is quite likely below $50 a ton because his $100 a ton minimum was actually $94 a ton with $0.03 kWh natural gas. Using renewable utility scale energy for half the 87 percent of total costs that are energy related, drops the price to the $50/ton range, today, with no further process refinements or scaling from Kieth's 2018, 1 million ton per year suggestion based on scaling their demonstration at Squamish using off the shelf components  with known scaling factors. 

Below my signature is a collection of CDR commitments based on IRS45Q.

Steep trails,

Bruce 

Bruce Melton PE
Director, Climate Change Now Initiative, 501c3
President, Melton Engineering Services Austin
8103 Kirkham Drive
Austin, Texas 78736
(512)799-7998
ClimateDiscovery.org 
ClimateChangePhoto.org 
MeltonEngineering.com 
Face...@Bruce.Melton.395 
Inst...@Bruce.C.Melton 
The Band Climate Change 
Twitter - BruceCMelton1 

Ongoing Industrialization of Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR), Direct Air Capture (DAC) and Sequestration ... Industrialize

Industry seems to think there is money here, lots of it. Industrialization is moving forward fast indicating that these processes are revenue generating programs. 

Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) Processes - New or Mature? ... We have been using industrial processes to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere since 1907 when the recyclable lime/potash process was developed and widely used in World War II to remove CO2 from submarines to keep sailors safe from carbon dioxide poisoning, since the 1930s with cryogenic distillation, and also since the 1930s with amine chemicals (ammonia–based) where amines are now one of the most important chemicals in industry.

October 21, 2023 – National Academies, Carbon Utilization Infrastructure, Markets, Research and Development… "Carbon materials pervade many aspects of modern life, from fuels and building materials to consumer goods and commodity chemicals.  Reaching net-zero emissions will require replacing existing fossil-carbon-based systems with circular-carbon economies that transform wastes like CO2 into useful materials.  As requested in the Energy Act of 2020, this study will explore regional and national market opportunities as well as infrastructure and research needs to help decisionmakers better understand how carbon utilization can contribute to the nation's decarbonization effort."

Input Requested - 
https://mailchi.mp/nas/open-sessions-carbon-dioxide-utilization-markets-infrastructure-research-and-development?e=ea90c6bd4e 
National Academies - Carbon Utilization Infrastructure, Markets, Research and Development
https://www.nationalacademies.org/our-work/carbon-utilization-infrastructure-markets-research-and-development?utm_source=NASEM+News+and+Publications&utm_campaign=1859c5e164-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2023_10_20_03_03&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_-1859c5e164-%5BLIST_EMAIL_ID%5D&mc_cid=1859c5e164&mc_eid=ea90c6bd4e

 

 

April 20, 2023 - Frontier Air Capture… Commitments top $1B with four new members: Autodesk, H&M Group, JPMorgan Chase, and Workday. Since April 2022, Frontier has facilitated purchases from 15 carbon removal startups.
https://frontierclimate.com/writing/new-members?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email

December 3, 2022, NGK CO2 air capture – 1) Ceramic substrate and 2) Freezing with Natural Gas excess cold from compressor stations… 1) Ceramic substrate like automobile catalytic converters, unspecified capture agent, normal liberation heating, 2) and cold from natural gas compression to "liquefied" before transmissionto freeze the CO2 out of the ab-adsorbant.
Shimizu, New technology to capture CO2 from air set for Japan trials, Nikkei Financial,November 28, 2022. 
https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Environment/Climate-Change/New-technology-to-capture-CO2-from-air-set-for-Japan-trials

November 26, 2022, One Million Tons Per Year "Hub" in Louisiana by 2030... "Direct air capture (DAC) company Climeworks and Louisiana-based Gulf Coast Sequestration (GCS) signed a memorandum of understanding on Nov. 21 to develop the first DAC hub on the Gulf Coast in Louisiana. The project aims to enable the permanent removal of one million tons of CO2 from the atmosphere by the end of the decade, with the potential to expand to multi-million-ton capacity in future years."
Doneva, Climeworks And Gulf Coast Sequestration Partner To Launch Direct Air Capture Hub On The Gulf Coast In Louisiana, Carbon Herald, November 22, 2022.
https://carbonherald.com/climeworks-and-gulf-coast-sequestration-partner-to-launch-direct-air-capture-hub-on-the-gulf-coast-in-louisiana/

November 20, 2022, $882 million in carbon capture funding, 2^nd quarter 2022…
https://www.protocol.com/bulletins/carbon-capture-venture-capital-investment

September 8, 2022 - Project Bison, Wyoming, 5 million tons per year by 2030, a Direct Air Capture (DAC) project of Frontier Carbon Solutions and CarbonCapture, Inc. … "A Los Angeles-based company kicked off on Thursday what it said will be the first large-scale direct air capture (DAC) project to capture and store 5 million tons of carbon dioxide per year by 2030, benefiting from new U.S. government incentives." Stripe, Alphabet, Shopify, Meta, McKinsey
CarbonCapture Inc. Announces Five Megaton Direct Air Capture and Storage Project in Wyoming…
https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20220908005446/en/CarbonCapture-Inc.-Announces-Five-Megaton-Direct-Air-Capture-and-Storage-Project-in-Wyoming 
CarbonCapture, Inc, modular… "A generalized DAC platform for solid sorbents that allows for incremental upgrades, minimizes obsolescence, and speeds up development cycles." Sorbents include amines, MOFs (metal-organic framework), zeolites and more.
https://www.carboncapture.com/
EXCLUSIVE New law helps U.S. firm launch Wyoming direct air carbon capture project…
https://www.reuters.com/markets/carbon/exclusive-new-law-helps-us-firm-launch-wyoming-direct-air-carbon-capture-project-2022-09-08/ 

CarbonClean… 
CycloneCC – worlds smallest carbon capture tech…
https://www.carbonclean.com/industrial-carbon-capture-technology?hsCtaTracking=4d330ef7-b427-4507-ba9c-5ce011059864%7C2a75a2d9-05f6-49ca-bd6f-a63edf949004 
Ebook…
https://www.carbonclean.com/industrial-carbon-capture-technology?hsCtaTracking=4d330ef7-b427-4507-ba9c-5ce011059864%7C2a75a2d9-05f6-49ca-bd6f-a63edf949004

Carbon Xprize … 1133 teams
https://illuminem.com/energyvoices/b02e09de-a3ad-41dd-8811-0bf7c7cc36cb

Carbon Engineering – Oxy, 1PointeFive

September 13, 2023 – Amazon buys 250,000 tons CO2 capture from Oxy… Over the next ten years
Dramne, Houston Chronicle, Direct air delivery: Amazon buys into Oxy’s big West Texas carbon capture hub, By Amanda Drane STAFF WRITERSeptember 13, 2023.
https://digital.olivesoftware.com/olive/odn/houstonchronicle/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=HHC%2F2023%2F09%2F13&entity=Ar02602&sk=F88217EE&mode=text#

 

August 15, 2023 – Oxy contracts with Carbon Engineering to build 100 air capture units… "U.S. oil and gas producer Occidental Petroleum (OXY.N) on Tuesday agreed to pay $1.1 billion for technology supplier Carbon Engineering Ltd to help it develop a string of carbon-capture sites it hopes will profit from tackling climate change. The U.S. oil producer aims to build about 100 plants using direct air capture (DAC) technology that strips carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere to bury underground or for use in making products such as concrete and aviation fuel."
https://www.reuters.com/markets/deals/occidental-petroleum-buy-carbon-engineering-11-bln-2023-08-15/

 

May 6, 2023 - Occidental Begins Work On The World’s Largest Direct Air Capture Plant
Violet George, Carbon Herald… $1 billion, 500 million ton facility 20 miles south of Notrees, Texas.
bonherald.com/occidental-begins-work-worlds-largest-direct-air-capture-plant/

April 28, 2023 - Stratus in the Permian Broke Ground
https://www.newswest9.com/article/news/local/oxy-groundbreaking-carbon-capture-plant/513-3251a044-624a-40aa-888e-fa5ebb0b533b

March 2, 2023, 1PointFive Oxy Carbon Capture and Sequestration Hub in Southeast Texas… The 55,000-acre site has resource potential to store approximately 1.2 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide… The Bluebonnet Hub is located in Chambers, Liberty and Jefferson counties near expected to be operational in 2026, will provide for CO2 captured off-site to be securely stored in saline formations that are not associated with oil and gas production.
1PointFive Announces Plan to Develop a Carbon Capture and Sequestration Hub in Southeast Texas, NASDAQ, March 2, 2023.
https://www.nasdaq.com/press-release/1pointfive-announces-plan-to-develop-a-carbon-capture-and-sequestration-hub-in

November 9, 2022, 20% increase in first plant cost due to inflation, number of proposed plants up from 70 to 100 because of IRA… "Government incentives and passage of the Inflation Reduction Act allow it to plan 100 DAC facilities by 2035, from 70 before, Hollub said. Land for half of them has been secured."
Valle and Soni, Occidental's project to capture CO2 takes a hit from inflation, Rueters, November 9, 2022.
https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/occidental-raises-costs-direct-air-capture-project-due-inflation-2022-11-09/

October 31, 2022, 1PointFive, 30 million tons per year, no EOR, 20 percent improvement in capture efficiency … Carbon Engineering begins work on supporting multi-million tonne Direct Air Capture facilities in Kleberg County, Texas (King Ranch). The site is expected to provide access for the potential construction of multiple DAC facilities that would be capable of collectively removing up to 30 million tonnes of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere annually for dedicated sequestration.
Carbon Engineering Press Release - https://carbonengineering.com/news-updates/multi-million-tonne-south-texas/

August 25, 2022 Occidental, OnePointFive, Carbon Engineering, Permian Basin – Construction update, PH1 500,000 tons/yr
https://carbonengineering.com/news-updates/construction-direct-air-capture-texas/

06/07/22 Occidental 1PointeFive…
An oil-company spinoff wants to help build 70 direct air capture plants by 2035
https://www.fastcompany.com/90758711/an-oil-company-spinoff-wants-to-help-build-70-direct-air-capture-plants-by-2035?partner=rss&utm_campaign=rss+fastcompany&utm_content=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_source=rss

DAC1, IEA on Carbon Engineering , Oxy and The Permian facility… "In Q1 2021, OLCV awarded the Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) phase to global professional services provider Worley. The FEED phase of DAC 1 is focused on a first capture train with a planned capture capacity of 0.5 MtCO2/year; the total capacity of the project will subsequently increase to 1.0 MtCO2/year. The project is supported by a multi-million dollar investment from United Airlines, and, upon approvals, two key policies: California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard and the United States’ 45Q tax credit."
https://www.iea.org/reports/ccus-around-the-world/dac-1

1PointFive... 
https://www.1pointfive.com/

July 12, 2022, Drax, North Yorkshire UK $2 billion British pounds for 8 million tons per year through BECCS (forest pellets)… First unit operational in 2024. "The company plans to invest £2bn in the 2020s in its plans to develop two bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) units."
https://www.drax.com/press_release/drax-submits-plans-to-build-worlds-largest-carbon-capture-and-storage-project/

September 21, 2022, Drax commits to 12 million tons Co2 per year…  "Drax aims to deliver 12 million metric tonnes of carbon dioxide removals per year using BECCS by 2030 and this deal will relate to the CDRs produced from Drax’s North American BECCS facilities."
https://www.drax.com/press_release/worlds-biggest-carbon-removals-deal-announced-at-new-york-climate-week/

 

May 10, 2022, Bayou Bend Project - Talos, Carbonvert Bring Chevron Aboard to Propel CCUS Project Offshore Texas…  225-275 million metric tons of carbon dioxide from the shallow waters near Beaumont and Port Arthur.
https://www.naturalgasintel.com/talos-carbonvert-bring-chevron-aboard-to-propel-ccus-project-offshore-texas/ 
 

March 23, 2022 - Occidental and Carbon Engineering in the Permian…  good new numbers and 70 Air capture hubs, three operational by 2025.
https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/latest-news-headlines/occidental-to-spend-5-of-2022-capital-on-permian-carbon-removal-plant-69498606

Occidental Chemicals and Carbon, MIT -
Temple, Why the world’s biggest CO2-sucking plant would be used to … err, dig up more oil? And how it might even be a good thing. MIT Technology Review, May 27, 2019
https://www.technologyreview.com/s/613579/why-the-worlds-biggest-cosub2-sub-sucking-plant-would-be-used-to-err-dig-up-more-oil/

Oxy Net-Zero Goal, December 3, 2020 -
https://digital.olivesoftware.com/olive/ODN/HoustonChronicle/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=HHC%2F2020%2F12%2F03&entity=Ar01500&sk=EFF8B3CA&mode=text#=undefined

 

July 25, 2022 –Air Products Cryodistillation Facility -- Announces Additional "Third by ‘30" CO2 Emissions Reduction Goal, Commitment to Net Zero by 2050, and Increase in New Capital for Energy Transition to $15 Billion… Air products claims they will be the world's largest when completed. $15 billion total investment 2022 includes 30 percent reduction in scope 3 emissions by 2030, in addition to Scope1 and 2 reductions.
https://www.airproducts.com/news-center/2022/07/0725-air-products-announces-additional-sustainability-commitments

October 14, 2021 – Air Products, 5 Million tons per year… Louisiana: $4.5 Billion, 5 million tons per year, online in 2026 from Blue Hydrogen reformation out of natural gas. - https://www.airproducts.com/news-center/2022/07/0725-air-products-announces-additional-sustainability-commitments 
https://www.airproducts.com/campaigns/la-blue-hydrogen-project

HOUSTON, Feb. 22, 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- 1PointFive announced today its selection of Worley for the Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) phase of its first direct air capture (DAC) facility in the U.S. Permian Basin—DAC 1.
https://www.prnewswire.com/in/news-releases/1pointfive-selects-worley-for-feed-on-milestone-direct-air-capture-facility-837514192.html

Carbon Engineering Funders, March 21, 2019 – Occidental Chemicals, Bill Gates, Murray Edwards, BHP, Chevron Technology Ventures, Oxy Low Carbon Ventures, LLC, Bethel Lands Corporation Ltd, Carbon Order, First Round Capital, Lowercase Capital, Rusheen Capital Management, LLC, Starlight Ventures, Thomvest Asset Management and others.
https://www.globenewswire.com/en/news-release/2019/03/21/1758562/0/en/Carbon-Engineering-concludes-USD-68-million-private-investment-round-and-proceeds-with-commercialization-of-carbon-dioxide-removal-technology.html#:~:text=CE's%20investors%20now%20include%3A%20Bill,an%20affiliate%20of%20Peter%20J.

Carbon Engineering and Storegga, (June 23, 2021) 500,000 to 1,000,000 tons per year in Scotland, operational in 2026…
https://carbonengineering.com/news-updates/uks-first-large-scale-dac-facility/

Exxon Mobile and Global Thermostat, September 21, 2020 - "Expanded their joint development agreement following 12 months of technical evaluation… Global Thermostat's 'breakthrough technology' using amines… ExxonMobil has more than 30 years of experience in CCS technology and was the first company to capture more than 120 million tonnes of CO2… $3 billion to advance plans for over 20 new CCS opportunities: U.S. Gulf Coast, Wyoming, Netherlands, Belgium, Scotland, Singapore, Qatar ."
Press Release - https://corporate.exxonmobil.com/News/Newsroom/News-releases/2020/0921_ExxonMobil-expands-agreement-with-Global-Thermostat-re-direct-air-capture-technology 
MIT Technology Review, June 28, 2019 - https://www.technologyreview.com/f/613901/another-major-oil-company-tiptoes-into-the-carbon-removal-space/

May 30, 2023 - Sumitomo Corporation invests in Direct Air Capture technology pioneer Global Thermostat…

 

Sumitomo Corp

https://www.sumitomocorp.com › topics › group

 

With our multi-patented portfolio of solutions for capturing and removing CO2 directly from the atmosphere, Global Thermostat is working to help ...
https://www.sumitomocorp.com/en/easia/news/topics/2023/group/20230530 

April 4, 2023 - Global Thermostat unveils one of the world's largest units for removing carbon dioxide directly from air…
NEWS PROVIDED BY - Global Thermostat 

COMMERCE CITY, Colo., April 4, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- Global Thermostat, a pioneer of carbon removal technology to address climate change, today unveiled one of the largest Direct Air Capture machines ever operated. The unit has been capturing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere since the end of 2022 with a capacity of over 1,000 tons a year, the threshold to qualify for a tax credit under the U.S. Inflation Reduction Act, and is the first of many planned.
https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/global-thermostat-unveils-one-of-the-worlds-largest-units-for-removing-carbon-dioxide-directly-from-air-301789992.html

 

Amazon

665,000 tons Co2 comitted from IPointFive (Oxy), Heirloom nad Carbon Capture Inc. 

$2 billion Climate Pledge
https://www.aboutamazon.com/planet/climate-pledge

Carbon Capture, Inc. - 100,000 tons
September 12, 2023 - Amazon supports the world’s largest deployment of direct air capture technology to remove carbon from the atmosphere, 

 

 

September 12, 2013 - Amazon supports the world’s largest deployment of direct air capture technology to remove carbon from the atmosphere, Amazon Staff

 

Heirloom

September 10, 2023 - Microsoft buys 350,000 tons CO2 over ten years…

King, Microsoft signs industry impacting Heirloom CO2 removal deal, Sustainability, September 10, 2023.
https://sustainabilitymag.com/articles/microsoft-signs-industry-impacting-heirloom-co2-removal-deal

 

 

University of Arizona (Klaus Lackner) and Silicon Kingdom Holdings (SKH) April 29, 2019 -https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-climatechange-carboncapture/do-mechanical-trees-offer-the-cure-for-climate-change-idUSKCN1S52CG 

University of Arizona (Klaus Lackner) Carbon Collect (formerly Silocn Kingdom) April 15, 2022 - April 15, 2022 - Carbon Collect’s MechanicalTree, based on the research of ASU engineer Klaus Lackner, will collect carbon from the atmosphere and help fight climate change - First 'MechanicalTree' installed on ASU’s Tempe campus.
https://news.asu.edu/20220415-solutions-first-mechanicaltree-installed-asu-carbon-collect-tempe
Carbon Collect - https://mechanicaltrees.com/

Blue Planet and Mitsubishi
September 23, 2020 - Mitsubishi is working to develop technology for locking CO2 in concrete as part of a separate project with Japanese construction group Kajima and Hiroshima-based utility Chugoku Electric Power
 https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Environment/US-startup-s-carbon-capture-concrete-wins-Mitsubishi-s-backing 

Blue Planet and Chevron
Houston, Texas, January 14, 2021 — Chevron Corporation (NYSE: CVX) today announced a Series C investment in San Jose-based Blue Planet Systems Corporation (“Blue Planet”), a startup that manufactures and develops carbonate aggregates and carbon capture technology intended to reduce the carbon intensity of industrial operations.
https://www.chevron.com/stories/chevron-invests-in-carbon-capture-and-utilization-startup

ExxonMobil, February 1, 2021… $3 Billion, mostly on 20 direct air capture projects. "ExxonMobil has more than 30 years of experience in CCS technology and was the first company to capture more than 120 million tonnes of CO2, which is equivalent to the emissions of more than 25 million cars for one year. The company has an equity share in about one-fifth of global CO2 capture capacity and has captured approximately 40 percent of all the captured anthropogenic CO2 in the world."
https://corporate.exxonmobil.com/News/Newsroom/News-releases/2021/0201_ExxonMobil-Low-Carbon-Solutions-to-commercialize-emission-reduction-technology

Exxon Labarge, Wyoming,  expands to 8 million tons per year from 6 to 7 million tons, May 5, 2022…
ExxonMobil to Expand Carbon Capture and Storage at LaBarge, Wyoming, Facility
https://www.yahoo.com/now/exxonmobil-expand-carbon-capture-storage-135000912.html

Exxon Labarge EPA Verification Plan, 2018…
https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2018-06/documents/shutecreekmrvplan.pdf 

On 11/3/2023 5:03 AM, James Hansen wrote:

Hi Peter,

I'm not leaving CDR out, I'm just pointing out that it's cost is still high. Keep up your efforts to bring the cost down and it may play a significant role. It will all come out in the wash, if and when we get a rising price on carbon. Without that, CDR, at least direct air capture, will continue to be a rather small contributor in the big picture.

Best, Jim

On Fri, Nov 3, 2023 at 3:12 AM Peter Eisenberger <peter.ei...@gmail.com> wrote:

Most importantly we are in fact all on the same team and we all agree time is running out. 

Mann and Hansen are each acting in the best tradition of scientific disagreement. 

From my perspective they both seem to fail to take CDR into account into their scenarios 

even though the majority of the scientific community including the IPCC has acknowledged it needs to 

be part of the solution. Net emissions -amount removed from the atmosphere minus the amount emitted 

is the critical variable and this is critical  because the poor on this planet need to have their basic needs met. Zero emissions means to them a reduced rate of eliminating poverty . One is left to speculate whether the people focussed on eliminating fossil fuels is a result of their long and important battle with the energy industry in the past. The energy industry has recognized climate change and they are acting to address it which was not the case even five years ago. They still remain critical to economic prosperity in the global south.  In my opinion it is time to move on beyond demonizing the energy industry. To be clear I greatly respect the efforts of Mann and Hansen both scientifically and because being a whistle blower  is never easy - in fact it is always hard and gets personal. 

My concern about the response of the SAI community is that it does  seem  to depend on arguing we are facing a doomsday future 

and the inadequacy of alternative paths. We certainly are facing a great threat but there is no science basis for arguing that the alternative paths are not adequate. At its core it depends on creating fear about the future. We know the fight or flight response to fear and that  fear has caused many conflicts. I am certainly not suggesting that advocates for SAI do not believe what they are saying.  

My view for what it is worth is that we all have to come together in the spirit of Manns response to JIm and together 

determine the best path forward based on the knowledge we have. We need to  make the hard choices about the best path forward. We need to agree  to focus our talents and energy on the path selected. In this sense the real limitation is not what distortions the external world has that prevents acting but it us for our failure to make the hard choices and provide them to the decision makers. 

Let me end as I b egan -Most importantly we are in fact all on the same team and we all agree time is running out. .

Peter 

        

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[Dan Miller]

I agree that scientists who understand the situation should attempt to guide policy. It is more than clear that policymakers do not have the ability to come up with, let alone implement, policies that will protect society from the ravages of climate change.

Making matters worse is another issue that Hansen has raised for a long time and does again in the Pipeline paper.  Built into the way science works, there is a “scientific reticence” that encourages scientists to avoid stating the lower probability but possibly catastrophic outcomes of their research.  A scientist would much rather not publish something that turns out to be true than to publish something that turns out to be false. Their reputation is not damaged in the first case but is in the second.

This approach of focusing on results that have 95% certainty is fine for black holes and the like, but when we are dealing with impacts that threaten civilization, it is not a good approach.  If airlines adopted this approach, planes would be crashing all the time and if the military adopted it, they would loose all of the wars they fought.

"Climate scientists are conservative in the opposite way that a risk manager (e.g., from an insurance company) is conservative.”

Dan

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[Jack Sullivan]

Although I appreciate this discussion, it should be recognized that Dr. Hansen was "invited" by the Editor & Chief of the Publisher to add his "perspectives about policy implications..".  He speaks directly about this in his video (the 2:17 mark).

Jack

RedCarbon

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