 | | | | Links to recent scientific papers, web posts, upcoming events, job opportunities, podcasts, and event recordings, etc. on Carbon Dioxide Removal TechnologyCarbon Removal Updates is a reader-supported publication. Please upgrade to a paid subscription to support us! TABLE OF CONTENTSNote: Click on the headings listed in the table of contents above to easily navigate to the sections you're interested in. THIS WEEK’S TOP CDR HIGHLIGHTSFIRST CDR DEAL UNDER PARIS AGREEMENT: Norway and Switzerland signed the first bilateral CDR deal under Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement, enabling cross-border CO₂ transfers through CDR pilots. By 2028–29, they plan to trade 1K-10 Kt of BECCS CO₂ from Norway and 100-1 Kt of mineralized CO₂ from Switzerland. JOB OPPORTUNITY: Apple is hiring a Carbon Program Manager to lead carbon removal efforts, manage vendor partnerships, and support its 2030 climate goals. Role based in Cupertino with annual pay ranging from $139K–$259K. CALL FOR INPUT: CDRJobs has launched the 2025 CDR Salary Survey to track how the industry has evolved over the past year. Results will be published in a forthcoming report. RESEARCH PAPER: A new study finds that the world’s trees, even working collectively, can’t absorb enough carbon to offset emissions from the fossil fuel reserves of the 200 largest oil, gas, and coal companies. Offsetting the 182 Gt CO₂ would require reforesting all of North and Central America, costing a whopping $10.8 trillion. FIRST VERIFIED OAE CREDITS: Planetary issued the first-ever verified Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement carbon credits, certified by Isometric, removing 625.6 tCO₂ for Stripe, Shopify, and British Airways. Read on to unpack more updates: COMMERCIAL NEWS Share Carbon Removal Updates RESEARCH PAPERSAuthors: Sijia Dong, William M. Berelson, Pierre Forin, Melissa Gutierrez, Dustin Carroll, Dimitris Menemenlis, Albert Y. Kyi, and Jess F. AdkinsSynopsis: This study evaluated Accelerated Weathering of Limestone (AWL) on ships as a carbon removal method. Using updated calcite dissolution kinetics, simulations showed AWL could cut maritime CO₂ emissions by 50%, with <1.4% rise in surface alkalinity and DIC over 10 years, and minimal ocean pH impact.
Authors: Jelle Bijma, Mathilde Hagens, Jens Hammes, Noah Planavsky, Philip A. E. Pogge von Strandmann, et al.Synopsis: This paper critiques carbon-based MRV strategies for Enhanced Weathering (EW) in open systems like farmland, arguing they can't fully capture carbon fluxes. Instead, it proposes using total alkalinity (TA) as a core metric, with a systems-level focus on charge balance over time. Standard titration methods, suited for oceans, are shown to be inaccurate for soil porewaters. A cation-based MRV approach is introduced, translating carbon flux into "cation currency," and key research gaps are outlined.
Authors: Alain Naef, Nina L. Friggens & Patrick NjeukamSynopsis: This study analyzes the limits of offsetting emissions from the 200 largest fossil fuel companies, whose reserves could emit 673 GtCO₂—well above the 1.5 °C carbon budget. Using reserve and carbon capture data, the study shows that offsetting at >$150/tCO₂ could render these firms financially unviable. The external climate costs of these reserves surpass their market value. Afforestation, while cheaper, would require vast land—displacing ecosystems, communities, and farmland—raising major feasibility concerns.
Authors: Elise S. Droste, Dorothee C. E. Bakker, Hugh J. Venables, Elizabeth M. Jones, Michael P. Meredith, et al.Synopsis: A decade of year-round data from the Rothera Time Series shows that winter sea ice duration and ocean stratification drive interannual CO₂ uptake variability in the Southern Ocean. Years with longer sea ice cover absorb ~20% more CO₂. Winter processes are key to accurately tracking CO₂ fluxes in ice-covered regions.
Authors: Derek Sylvan, Peter H. HowardSynopsis: Expert surveys reveal key equity concerns around CDR. Climate economists expect climate damages to worsen inequality, while CDR experts flag moral hazard, use of CO₂ for oil recovery, and social/environmental risks. Targeted policies and stakeholder engagement are vital for making CDR more just and effective.
Authors: Harry Smith, Naomi Vaughan, Johanna ForsterSynopsis: This study explores expert perspectives on the UK’s emerging carbon dioxide removal policies through interviews with 25 stakeholders. Key findings include skepticism of the voluntary carbon market, a call for government-driven CDR demand, and the need for robust MRV standards. Experts also highlight the importance of building state capacity via a dedicated CDR body and recommend ‘net-negative ready’ policies to ensure lasting demand through the UK Emissions Trading Scheme in a likely overshoot scenario.
Authors: Tim Jesper Suhrhoff, Tom Reershemius, Jacob S. Jordan, Shihan Li, Shuang Zhang, Ella Milliken, Boriana Kalderon-Asael, et al.Synopsis: This study presents an improved soil-based mass balance framework for quantifying rock powder dissolution in Enhanced Weathering (EW) field deployments—crucial for verifying CO₂ removal for carbon markets. It corrects overestimates by accounting for immobile element enrichment in topsoil and recommends using population means over individual samples. A signal-to-noise analysis shows detection is feasible if application rates, dissolution, and sampling meet key thresholds, guiding more accurate and scalable EW monitoring.
Authors: Xin Yan, Pengtao Guo, Youbin Zhou, Ting Wang, Xianren Zhang, Yunpan Ying, Qingyuan Yang, Dahuan LiuSynopsis: A dual-functionalized IL@ZIF-8 composite using [TEPA][Py] was developed in this study for efficient low-concentration CO₂ capture. By tuning nitrogen site distribution and amine content, the material shows strong, reversible CO₂ adsorption due to low viscosity and high electron density. This approach offers a promising route for direct air capture technologies.
Authors: Alexander R. Keeley, Kyomyoung Koo, Andrew Chapman, Shunsuke ManagiSynopsis: A nationwide survey in Japan (n=3,139) reveals that public support for Direct Air Capture and Utilization (DAC-U) is driven by both technology acceptance and environmental awareness. Older adults show higher tech acceptance but lower environmental concern. Demographics like age, education, and energy costs also shape preferences. The study urges tailored policies—subsidies, demos, and age-specific outreach—to boost DAC-U adoption and support Japan’s 2050 carbon neutrality goal.
Authors: Hegang Zhi, Songtao Yang, Jiushi Ma, Julian Ignacio Lopez & Jing TangSynopsis: This review highlights the need for sustainable CO₂ capture by shifting from costly synthetic materials to nature-inspired and bio-derived alternatives. It explores the structures, mechanisms, and performance of these materials, comparing them to conventional options like MOFs and amines. The goal is to develop next-gen CO₂ sorbents—solid, liquid, or hybrid—with fast kinetics, high efficiency, and long-term stability, advancing carbon neutrality through more accessible, eco-friendly technologies.
Authors: Vivian, Chris, Boettcher, Miranda, Elliot, Mike, Mengis, Nadine , Merk, Christine, Oschlies, Andreas , Boyd, Phillip, et al.Synopsis: This document summarizes the current state of marine carbon dioxide removal (mCDR) science, focusing on leading research areas. It covers biologically driven methods like ocean fertilization, biomass sinking, and artificial upwelling, as well as chemically driven approaches such as ocean alkalinity enhancement and direct ocean removal (also called direct ocean capture). These mCDR techniques are seen as essential complements to emissions cuts for achieving net-zero climate goals.
Authors: Jost Kemper, Jan Mense, Jörn Kröger, Thomas Slawig, Kai Graf, Ulf RiebesellSynopsis:This study introduces two new methods—RANS-based and 1D pipe flow models—for predicting the performance of Stommel Upwelling Pipe (SUP) systems, which are being explored for artificial ocean upwelling in marine CDR. These models address past limitations, are validated through verification and comparison, and offer a reliable basis for assessing SUP potential in bringing nutrient-rich deep water to the surface to support carbon dioxide removal.
Authors: Andreas Oschlies, Caroline P Slomp, Andrew H Altieri, Natalya D Gallo, Marilaure Gregoire, Kirsten Isensee, et al.Synopsis: This review assesses how marine carbon dioxide removal (mCDR) methods impact ocean oxygen levels. Model results show that biotic approaches—like ocean fertilization and biomass sinking—can cause oxygen loss 4–40 times greater than the gains from reduced warming. These methods may also intensify daily oxygen fluctuations, affecting marine life. In contrast, geochemical mCDR methods or biotic approaches that avoid in-ocean remineralization have minimal oxygen impacts. Oxygen monitoring is essential for all mCDR assessments.
Authors: Zirou Liu, Xinhang Xu, Danial Jahed Armaghani, Dino Spagnoli, Chongchong QiSynopsis: This study used first-principles calculations to explore CO₂ adsorption on β-C₂S(100) and M3-C₃S(001) cement surfaces. Adsorption strength rose with CO₂ coverage, though trends varied by surface. M3-C₃S(001) showed stronger, more stable binding due to surface oxygen ions. Site saturation and electrostatic effects influenced behavior at high coverage. Pre-hydration reduced CO₂ uptake. Findings offer atomic-level insights to improve CO₂ capture in the cement industry.
WEB POSTSTHESISAuthors: Titus, K. A.Synopsis: This study proposes geothermal-BECCS as a novel, co-located solution for renewable energy and CDR, overcoming key limitations of conventional BECCS. By combining geothermal power with bioenergy and CO₂ injection via aqueous dissolution, the system enhances electricity output (62–589 kWe per kg/s flow) and achieves strong negative emissions (-131 to -922 gCO₂/kWh). Techno-economic analysis shows geothermal-BECCS can be cost-competitive, especially in New Zealand, with potential for up to 4 MtCO₂/year removal—exceeding the country’s current carbon budget overshoot. Results support pilot deployment in mature geothermal economies.
REPORTSUPCOMING EVENTSLAC Soil Carbon 2025 | 25-28 June 2025 | Reo de Janeiro (Brazil)We have curated a “Carbon Removal Events Calendar.” Explore and stay informed about upcoming events, conferences, and webinars on Carbon Dioxide Removal technology. Sync specific events / all events to your default calendar to ensure you never miss out on important CDR updates. Carbon Removal Events Calendar JOB OPPORTUNITIES"Alt Carbon is India’s leading Carbon Removal company. We blend science, technology & tradition to undertake climate action to turn the clock on historic emissions in the atmosphere. Our science and technology takes place in Bangalore; our operations are undertaken in Darjeeling’s heritage tea estates."
"As the Carbon Removal Program Manager on Apple's Environment, Policy and Social Initiatives team, you will work on the team driving development and implementation of projects and partnerships which remove otherwise unavoidable emissions from Apple’s scope 1 and 3 footprint."
"Vaulted Deep is a cutting-edge technology company that injects waste deep underground to support sustainability goals while providing waste management solutions to support clean land, air and water."
"UNDO is tackling the greatest challenge of our time: climate change. We are a fast-growing for-profit business that has already raised $22.87M USD to date. UNDO is one of the biggest carbon removal companies in the world and we’re just getting started."
"We are seeking five writers to help develop Pathways - an anthology fiction podcast exploring how our world could change under different climate and technological futures. Inspired by the UN's Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) and the possibilities and challenges presented by greenhouse gas removal technologies, Pathways will blend science-based foresight with vivid storytelling."
"Varaha is a leading climate tech venture focused on nature-based solutions such as regenerative agriculture, ARR, and biochar projects that support smallholder land stewards at scale."
"NRDC is a non-profit environmental advocacy organization. We use law, science, and the support of 3.1 million members and online activists to protect the planet's wildlife and wild places and to ensure the rights of all people to clean air, clean water, and healthy communities."
"Rubicon Carbon is a next-generation carbon solutions provider. Led by a world-class management team, Rubicon is an innovative platform that channels capital to unlock at-scale decarbonization projects and delivers trusted, enterprise-grade solutions for carbon credit purchases."
"At Greenlyte Carbon Technologies, we’re advancing breakthrough Direct Air Capture (DAC) technology to remove CO₂ from the atmosphere while generating clean hydrogen."
"Climeworks is a leading high-quality carbon removal provider, combining decades of expertise in Direct Air Capture (DAC) technology with a holistic approach to carbon removal solutions."
Looking for your dream job in CDR? There are 638 jobs available *right now*: check them all out at: CDRjobs Board
PODCASTS"In this episode of Energy Evolution, we delve into the emerging field of carbon removal technologies and their role in the fight against climate change.The discussion highlights various methods, including both technology-based solutions like direct ocean capture and nature-based approaches such as reforestation. Our guests on this week's episode are Jan-Willem Bode, President, Puro.earth, and Steve Oldham, CEO, Captura. Captura is a start-up company focused on capturing carbon dioxide directly from seawater. Puro.Earth is a carbon removal registry focused on removal credits. It created the Puro Standard, which is the world's first carbon standard for engineered carbon removals."
"In this episode of C&EN Uncovered, host Craig Bettenhausen speaks with C&EN reporter Fionna Samuels about her recent C&EN cover story concerning Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement (OAE) as a method to combat climate change by increasing ocean alkalinity to absorb more CO2. Uncovered offers a deeper look at subjects from recent stories pulled from the pages of Chemical & Engineering News. Check out Fionna’s story on engineering our oceans to mitigate the effects of Climate Change."
"In this episode, Magnus Drewelies (Founder & CEO of Ceezer) joins Edward and Rene to unpack key insights from the World Bank’s 2025 State and Trends of Carbon Pricing report and explore what’s really happening in carbon credit markets.We discuss the rapid rise of carbon removals, especially nature-based solutions — and the shift toward forward purchases and long-term offtakes. But as Magnus explains, this isn’t a supply problem. The real constraint is on the buyer side: price uncertainty, unclear rules, and fragmentation are slowing scale."
"The Carbon Removal XPRIZE has been a major focal point of the CDR industry for years. And Mati Carbon just won the $50M Grand Prize. How did they do it, and how did their surprising and counterintuitive approach to enhanced rock weathering win over so many other contestants? Find in this podcast."
"For this episode, we're joined by Harvey Hodd, CEO and co-founder of Rivan Industries - a company, which removes CO2 via direct air capture (DAC) and converts it into synthetic fuels. Rivan's case demonstrates that DAC doesn't have to be unreasonably expensive and can be part of a circular carbon economy today."
"Norway and Switzerland have just agreed on the first durable removals transaction under this framework. For their pilots, planned to be executed pre-2030, they aim to transfer up to 10 Kt of BECCS from Norway and up to 1 Kt of mineralised CO2 from Switzerland.Eve Tamme and Sebastian Manhart are joined by the Swiss Federal Office for the Environment FOEN’s Veronika Elgart, one of the leading forces behind this agreement. Together, they discuss how this agreement came about, what exactly is planned, and what this could mean for scaling up the international carbon markets more broadly."
Carbon Removal Updates is a reader-supported publication. Please upgrade to a paid subscription to support us! YOUTUBE VIDEOSDeforestation, Oil & Aviation Fuels: A Brazilian Take on the Climate Emergency | Ep213: Thelma Krug | Cleaning Up Podcast "The conversation ranges from the alarming transformation of the Amazon from a carbon sink to a potential carbon source, to the controversial realm of solar radiation management. As it prepares to host COP30 in Belem in November, Krug provides nuanced insights into Brazil's challenges, the complexities of global climate policy, and the potential for innovative solutions like biofuels and international collaboration."
Nadaq and AirMiners collaboration | Tito - AirMiners Ep 7 of Giga Ten | Tree Media "In the 7th Episode of The Giga Ten, a discussion with Sebastian Manhart and Leila Conners, they get into how little funding CDR gets if one considers the funds allocated to the whole green transition, even though many people assume otherwise. They cover other pressing topics, like the importance of keeping the EU-ETS tech neutral, SO important. Watch or listen to the next Giga Ten!"
Building Climate-Positive Construction: Tim Sperry on Carbon Capture Concrete | e-verse "The conversation explores the technical and commercial challenges of scaling such groundbreaking solutions. Tim provides a candid look at his evolution from startup founder to scaling Carbon Limit globally, reflecting on the organizational turbulence and tough leadership decisions that come with growth. His insights underscore the emotional resilience required to lead innovation in an industry steeped in tradition."
The Biochar Briefing. Soil, Carbon, and Capital | FountainHead RI Climate Stocktake | Grain Ecosystem "Moderated by Maureen Walsh, Executive Director of the U.S. Biochar Coalition (USBC), this panel features:
– Miles Murray, Co-Founder and CEO of Locoal
– Bernardo del Campo, President and CEO of ARTi
– Will Marquis, Sales Manager for the U.S. and Canada at Pyreg"
Carbon Removal Updates from 16 June to 22 June 2025 | Carbon Removal Updates BulletinDEADLINESFollow us on:Twitter | Bluesky | LinkedIn | YouTube | Substack | Podcast 1 | Podcast 2
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