Hey Balaji,
Tumblr uses standard three-legged OAuth 1.0a, which is specifically designed to allow users to login with your application. In OAuth terms, it allows a Consumer (you, the developer) to access a Service Provider (Tumblr) on behalf of a User. So, yes, once the user authorizes your application, you will effectively be able to access tumblr as if you were that user.
You might want to read a bit more about OAuth to better understand how it works before working on integrating with Tumblr's OAuth servers. Check out the
OAuth Bible and an
informative blog post for an overview of OAuth. You can also look at the
RFC and
technical spec if that's more of your thing.
Once you're familiar with the process, you'll want to check out some Android OAuth libraries.
Signpost is one that comes to mind, but you should also look at what other ones are frequently used. Once you have OAuth implemented, you should be able to start using our
jumblr library, jumping in with your keys and tokens as shown at the top of the
readme.
Hope this helps get your started!
Regards,
Mike Ceyko