Bill wrote:
> Bill Rogers wrote:
>
> ...
>
>>
>> Sure, you don't find it credible. But a few posts ago you
>> were calling the standard Darwinian process "Lamarckian."
>> Your incredulity is not a convincing argument. And of
>> course you've still not addressed the problem of how any
>> argument could be convincing to anyone if (1) all reality
>> is subjective and (2) all evidence is inevitably
>> interpreted to support the conclusion we already wanted.
>> You find Darwinian evolution implausible. Therefore,
>> according to your own earlier claims about interpretation
>> of evidence, you will inevitably interpret any evidence
>> presented to you as evidence of the implausibilty of
>> Darwinian evolution. So what's to discuss?
>
> Since you argue that behavior and/or environment influence
> the development of an organism, mutated genes are merely
> incidental.
There is the first problem right there. Why would the fact that the
environment influences the development of an organism render the genetic
mutation incidental?
"But for" the genetic mutation, some interaction between organism and
environment would be impossible. That means the genetic mutation is a
causal factor. The environment can act only on those genes that are
there, after all.
>
> Since woodpeckers keep being modified to suit its
> environment, they must keep getting the same mutations.
> Since most birds are not woodpeckers, they aren't affected
> by these mutations which must mean that there are woodpecker
> specific mutations.
It's rather unclear what you mean by this. Once a beneficial mutation
has occurred, it is passed on to the next generation through
inheritance. Because it is beneficial, it will be passed on
statistically more often than the profile without the mutation. So it's
not necessary that they must be getting "the same mutation", if that is
what you mean.
If you mean that they must be getting more mutations with similar
effect, so that the ability to hammer more is gradually improved, then
no, these mutations are not woodpecker specific. But only in woodpeckers
and related species will they be beneficial and hence be selected for.
Birds that live in an environment where the prey lives under the earth,
or on leaves, won't benefit from the mutation, it is (at best) neutral.
One and the same mutation can be beneficial in one environment, neutral
in another and detrimental in a third.
The same holds true for the "genetic" environment, so to speak. So some
mutations will only be beneficial if some other mutation had occurred
before. (and some can only occur if another has happened before, because
they are a mutation of the mutation) This creates the path dependency of
evolution that results in the observed pattern of relationships between
species. So for a non-woodpecker bird, a mutation that, say, better
cushions the brain for bumps will still happen, but if they have not
already develop a beak suitable for hammering won't have a positive net
effect on the species, and probably (baring drift) will not spread
across the population.
>
> From this we know that mutations are not random and their
> outcomes are predictable.
Not really, no. The mutations are random and affect all equally, but
once a mutation has happened, we could indeed predict if, given the
environment etc of the organism, it is likely to be beneficial, neutral
or detrimental.
We know that the environment and
> behavior of the organism determines the mutation.
We know no such thing. Indeed, everything we know indicates that the
mutation is not influenced by the environment (well, if you wanted to
nitpick,the rate of mutations is influenced by the environment, e.g. how
much radiation there is, but that influences frequency of mutations, not
which ones occur)
This must
> mean that either evolution is false or that it is impossible
> to explain without tripping over absurdities.
Or that youstill haven;t thought quite through what the ToE actually says
>
> Bill
>