Hey Ingo and Will,
There is a bit of a distinction between logging in your app for the purposes of tracking errors etc in a live application, and logging that you do for the purposes of debugging during active development. But I think the ideal would be for your logging solution to handle both. So in keeping with that if you were going to use functionality offered in the default SS install, I recommend the use of the SS_Log::log method over the Debug::log method. Perhaps Debug::log should be phased out?
The idea behind the logger bridge was to enable support for PSR-3 loggers, and also to allow the capturing of errors thrown and triggered by SilverStripe through a consistent system. I like Zend Log and it is quite similar to Monolog, but Monolog in particular has support for many of the types of logging systems we use at Heyday, hence the solution.
Monolog has some good handlers for debugging during development, in particular the ChromePHPHandler, and the FirePHPHandler, which will send your logs to the browser using a header. This is obviously not for use in your production environment, so you can make these handlers enabled only when your site is in dev mode using the Except or Only conditionals in the Injector system. See "Advanced-style setup"
https://github.com/camspiers/silverstripe-loggerbridge
Cam