[OT]如何用 ffmpeg 转换影片格式
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Easior Lars
Aug 22, 2017, 9:26:37 AM8/22/17
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各位好，前段时间看到有字幕组的高手在此出没，遂想问几个可能 OT 的问题！
* 如何用 ffmpeg 将 mp4 转换为 mkv 格式？
* 如何从 Mkv 或 avi 中提取电影音频？
* 如何从 Mkv 或 avi 中提取字幕对白文件？主要想打印对白。
Easior Lars
Aug 22, 2017, 9:27:53 AM8/22/17
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Yongwei Wu
Aug 22, 2017, 9:47:25 AM8/22/17
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MP4转MKV？似乎我从来只是MKV转MP4的。
鉴于MKV不太挑剔，简单换容器就行了：
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -c:v copy -c:a copy output.mkv
2017-08-22 21:21 GMT+08:00 'Easior Lars' via Shanghai Linux User Group
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Yongwei Wu
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鉴于MKV不太挑剔，简单换容器就行了：
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -c:v copy -c:a copy output.mkv
2017-08-22 21:21 GMT+08:00 'Easior Lars' via Shanghai Linux User Group
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Yongwei Wu
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Qiao, Shanshan
Aug 22, 2017, 6:45:16 PM8/22/17
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[mkv2srt或ass等字幕]
s=${1}
basen=${s%.mkv}
ffmpeg -i ${@} -an -vn -scodec copy -map 0.3:0.0 ${basen}.srt
basen=${s%.mkv}
ffmpeg -i ${@} -an -vn -scodec copy -map 0.3:0.0 ${basen}.srt
# 0.3是我的字幕通道，可能和你的不一样，要调整，下面是我碰到的字幕和各种情况：
#ffmpeg -i ${@} -an -vn -scodec copy ${basen}.ass
#ffmpeg -i ${@} -an -vn -scodec copy -map 0.4:0.0 ${basen}.ass
#ffmpeg -i ${@} -an -vn -scodec copy -map 0.5:0.0 ${basen}.ass
#ffmpeg -i ${@} -an -vn -scodec copy -map 0.3:0.0 ${basen}.ass
TODO: 其实自己可以进一步用Bash shell或python脚本做判断出字幕通道的位置
#ffmpeg -i ${@} -an -vn -scodec copy -map 0.4:0.0 ${basen}.ass
#ffmpeg -i ${@} -an -vn -scodec copy -map 0.5:0.0 ${basen}.ass
#ffmpeg -i ${@} -an -vn -scodec copy -map 0.3:0.0 ${basen}.ass
TODO: 其实自己可以进一步用Bash shell或python脚本做判断出字幕通道的位置
下面是我用Bash shell判断并且提取 “英文音轨” 的例子:
[mkv2aac或mp3或ogg等音轨]
if ffmpeg -i ${@} 2>&1 | grep 'eng' | grep -q 'Audio'; then
eng_audio_id=`ffmpeg -i ${@} 2>&1 | grep 'eng' | grep 'Audio' | awk '{print $2}' | sed 's/\#\(.*\)(.*/\1/g'`
ffmpeg -i ${@} -vn -acodec copy -map ${eng_audio_id}:0.0 ${basen}.aac
else
echo "can NOT find any eng Audio channel in ${@}"
fi
eng_audio_id=`ffmpeg -i ${@} 2>&1 | grep 'eng' | grep 'Audio' | awk '{print $2}' | sed 's/\#\(.*\)(.*/\1/g'`
ffmpeg -i ${@} -vn -acodec copy -map ${eng_audio_id}:0.0 ${basen}.aac
else
echo "can NOT find any eng Audio channel in ${@}"
fi
# ${eng_audio_id}是我的字幕通道，下面是我碰到的音轨的各种情况：
#ffmpeg -i ${@} -vn -acodec copy -map 0.1:0.0 ${basen}.mp3
#ffmpeg -i ${@} -vn -acodec copy -map 0.2:0.0 ${basen}.aac
#ffmpeg -i ${@} -vn -acodec copy -map 0.1:0.0 ${basen}.ogg
#ffmpeg -i ${@} -vn -acodec copy -map 0.2:0.0 ${basen}.aac
#ffmpeg -i ${@} -vn -acodec copy -map 0.1:0.0 ${basen}.ogg
TODO: 可以进一步写脚本自己判断出是那种具体音轨并自动附上文件扩展名
--
Easior Lars
Aug 24, 2017, 10:27:26 PM8/24/17
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多谢回复！
想再问几个小问题：
1. ffmpeg 压片时间是不是非常慢长？我试了一下用 ffmpeg 将 mp4 转成 avi，2 G 左右的文件压了一个小时才 100～200 M，不知道是不是我的使用方式不对，还是有加速窍门？
2. 压片时那种影片格式在播放时效果比较好？前些年 mkv 比较常见，最近常看到 mp4，不知道这里面的门道！
MP4转MKV？似乎我从来只是MKV转MP4的。
鉴于MKV不太挑剔，简单换容器就行了：
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -c:v copy -c:a copy output.mkv
2017-08-22 21:21 GMT+08:00 'Easior Lars' via Shanghai Linux User Group
<sh...@googlegroups.com>:
> 各位好，前段时间看到有字幕组的高手在此出没，遂想问几个可能 OT 的问题！
>
> * 如何用 ffmpeg 将 mp4 转换为 mkv 格式？
> * 如何从 Mkv 或 avi 中提取电影音频？
> * 如何从 Mkv 或 avi 中提取字幕对白文件？主要想打印对白。
>
> 多谢！
>
> Sent from Yahoo Mail on Android
>
> --
> -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups
> Shanghai Linux User Group group. To post to this group, send email to
> sh...@googlegroups.com. To unsubscribe from this group, send email to
鉴于MKV不太挑剔，简单换容器就行了：
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -c:v copy -c:a copy output.mkv
2017-08-22 21:21 GMT+08:00 'Easior Lars' via Shanghai Linux User Group
<sh...@googlegroups.com>:
> 各位好，前段时间看到有字幕组的高手在此出没，遂想问几个可能 OT 的问题！
>
> * 如何用 ffmpeg 将 mp4 转换为 mkv 格式？
> * 如何从 Mkv 或 avi 中提取电影音频？
> * 如何从 Mkv 或 avi 中提取字幕对白文件？主要想打印对白。
>
> 多谢！
>
> Sent from Yahoo Mail on Android
>
> --
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Easior Lars
Aug 24, 2017, 10:40:34 PM8/24/17
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多谢你的脚本！
另外，Windows 上的 Smplayer 的字幕菜单中经常出现乱码，而在 Linux 上 SMplayer 播放则不会乱码，也调整过 SMPlayer 中的字幕配置的编码，例如选择 UTF-8 或 CP932，不过总也弄不好，请问这是怎么回事？需要调整 Windows 的本地策略集嘛？
Yongwei Wu
Aug 25, 2017, 10:18:05 AM8/25/17
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我觉得你需要把你的目的描述清楚。单从mp4转avi这句话，显示出你似乎不知道你要做什么。AVI和MKV都是容器，关键是里面的编解码器（codec）是什么。
我把MKV转MP4的原因是网上很多高分辨率的视频是MKV的，MP4往往是低分辨率的。我希望下高分辨率的视频在iPad上播放，其只有对满足一定要求的MP4才能达到好的播放效果。一般是H.264视频编码，AAC双声道音频编码，字幕只能用MOV_TEXT，而不能是SRT或ASS，等等。
MKV也可以用H.264视频和AAC双声道音频，所以我前面说的转换方式使用复制（copy）来转换容器，速度是飞快的。如果转换速度慢，可能是。某个转换效率特别差。不了解进一步的细节也很难回答。我的经验里ffmpeg速度不慢。
播放效果主要取决于播放器、源文件的codec和码率。MP4常见的一个最大可能原因是它是iPad和iPhone上直接支持的格式。MKV不能直接在苹果的设备上播放，软解播放器我之前试过效果也不好。所以我一般是把MKV转换成MP4传输到iPad上播放的。
2017-08-25 10:27 GMT+08:00 'Easior Lars' via Shanghai Linux User Group
<sh...@googlegroups.com>:
> 多谢回复！
>
> 想再问几个小问题：
> 1. ffmpeg 压片时间是不是非常慢长？我试了一下用 ffmpeg 将 mp4 转成 avi，2 G 左右的文件压了一个小时才 100～200
> M，不知道是不是我的使用方式不对，还是有加速窍门？
> 2. 压片时那种影片格式在播放时效果比较好？前些年 mkv 比较常见，最近常看到 mp4，不知道这里面的门道！
>
>
>
> On Tuesday, August 22, 2017 9:47 PM, Yongwei Wu <wuyo...@gmail.com> wrote:
>
>
> MP4转MKV？似乎我从来只是MKV转MP4的。
>
> 鉴于MKV不太挑剔，简单换容器就行了：
>
> ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -c:v copy -c:a copy output.mkv
>
>
> 2017-08-22 21:21 GMT+08:00 'Easior Lars' via Shanghai Linux User Group
> <sh...@googlegroups.com>:
>> 各位好，前段时间看到有字幕组的高手在此出没，遂想问几个可能 OT 的问题！
>>
>> * 如何用 ffmpeg 将 mp4 转换为 mkv 格式？
>> * 如何从 Mkv 或 avi 中提取电影音频？
>> * 如何从 Mkv 或 avi 中提取字幕对白文件？主要想打印对白。
>>
>> 多谢！
>>
>> Sent from Yahoo Mail on Android
>>
>> --
>> -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google
>> Groups
>> Shanghai Linux User Group group. To post to this group, send email to
>> sh...@googlegroups.com. To unsubscribe from this group, send email to
>> shlug+un...@googlegroups.com. For more options, visit this group at
> 要查看更多选项，请访问 https://groups.google.com/d/optout。
我把MKV转MP4的原因是网上很多高分辨率的视频是MKV的，MP4往往是低分辨率的。我希望下高分辨率的视频在iPad上播放，其只有对满足一定要求的MP4才能达到好的播放效果。一般是H.264视频编码，AAC双声道音频编码，字幕只能用MOV_TEXT，而不能是SRT或ASS，等等。
MKV也可以用H.264视频和AAC双声道音频，所以我前面说的转换方式使用复制（copy）来转换容器，速度是飞快的。如果转换速度慢，可能是。某个转换效率特别差。不了解进一步的细节也很难回答。我的经验里ffmpeg速度不慢。
播放效果主要取决于播放器、源文件的codec和码率。MP4常见的一个最大可能原因是它是iPad和iPhone上直接支持的格式。MKV不能直接在苹果的设备上播放，软解播放器我之前试过效果也不好。所以我一般是把MKV转换成MP4传输到iPad上播放的。
2017-08-25 10:27 GMT+08:00 'Easior Lars' via Shanghai Linux User Group
<sh...@googlegroups.com>:
> 多谢回复！
>
> 想再问几个小问题：
> 1. ffmpeg 压片时间是不是非常慢长？我试了一下用 ffmpeg 将 mp4 转成 avi，2 G 左右的文件压了一个小时才 100～200
> M，不知道是不是我的使用方式不对，还是有加速窍门？
> 2. 压片时那种影片格式在播放时效果比较好？前些年 mkv 比较常见，最近常看到 mp4，不知道这里面的门道！
>
>
>
> On Tuesday, August 22, 2017 9:47 PM, Yongwei Wu <wuyo...@gmail.com> wrote:
>
>
> MP4转MKV？似乎我从来只是MKV转MP4的。
>
> 鉴于MKV不太挑剔，简单换容器就行了：
>
> ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -c:v copy -c:a copy output.mkv
>
>
> 2017-08-22 21:21 GMT+08:00 'Easior Lars' via Shanghai Linux User Group
> <sh...@googlegroups.com>:
>> 各位好，前段时间看到有字幕组的高手在此出没，遂想问几个可能 OT 的问题！
>>
>> * 如何用 ffmpeg 将 mp4 转换为 mkv 格式？
>> * 如何从 Mkv 或 avi 中提取电影音频？
>> * 如何从 Mkv 或 avi 中提取字幕对白文件？主要想打印对白。
>>
>> 多谢！
>>
>> Sent from Yahoo Mail on Android
>>
>> --
>> -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google
>> Groups
>> Shanghai Linux User Group group. To post to this group, send email to
>> sh...@googlegroups.com. To unsubscribe from this group, send email to
>> https://groups.google.com/d/forum/shlug?hl=zh-CN
>> ---
>> 您收到此邮件是因为您订阅了Google网上论坛上的“Shanghai Linux User Group”群组。
>> 要退订此群组并停止接收此群组的电子邮件，请发送电子邮件到shlug+un...@googlegroups.com。
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>
>
>
> --
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> URL: http://wyw.dcweb.cn/
>
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>
>
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> URL: http://wyw.dcweb.cn/
>
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Easior Lars
Aug 25, 2017, 9:47:07 PM8/25/17
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多谢解答，确实本人的目的和意图没有描述清楚。实际上，我也就是看着 mp4 不顺眼，原因只有一个，就是这种格式专用于移动设备。至于压片之类的问题，本人对这个也没有研究，只是按着网上的简单说明，试了试 ffmpeg，利用 winff 自带的格式转换了一下，格式里对应的命令行参数没有仔细观察，速度慢可能是由于编码格式的不同引起的。实际上，我对于你提到的“容器”、“编解码器”与“码率”等没有概念。有空的话，确实该了解一下这些东西再来提问。多谢。
Chen Zhuojun
Aug 26, 2017, 4:05:06 AM8/26/17
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我过去用ffmpeg转视频放在魅族m6sl里看。现在经常用ios nplayer通过cifs放硬盘上的mkv。不知道这个app算不算软解播放器？不知道你说的效果不好是指什么？ac3和dts不能解码还是别的方面？
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>
>
>
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> URL: http://wyw.dcweb.cn/
>
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姚飞
Aug 26, 2017, 6:11:17 AM8/26/17
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你这莫名其妙的无知和偏见还很多嘛。AVI已经是很古老过时的容器了。MP4容器啥时候成了移动设备专用了? 实际上MP4容器的设计还是来自于苹果QuickTime。
发自我的 iPad
发自我的 iPad
Yongwei Wu
Aug 26, 2017, 9:36:25 AM8/26/17
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没用过你说的这个。以前试过一些软件，包括VLC的iOS版本，播放效果明显不及直接用内置视频软件播放MP4，清晰程度低，有时还卡，耗电似乎还高。内置不支持的codec也还是不支持，没有实际优点。如果用MP4格式（H.264+AAC）的话，内置视频软件和无数其他的文件管理软件都能直接播放。
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Qiao, Shanshan
Aug 26, 2017, 9:47:37 AM8/26/17
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兄弟，你不用太纠结一定用Linux的话就用格式工厂搞一下就OK了，BTW我们都非常热爱Linux或UNIX command line的东西。。。
Transcoding的活儿市面上工具一大把，玩视频的网络公司都有transcoding的需求，甚至用多GPU秒杀，现在完全没有技术难度了(基本没钱挣了)。
代码细节就是这样：compressed_data -> decoding -> RAW_data -> encoding -> compressed_data
为什么商业的好？
1. 优化了codec速度 (支持multi-cpu, multi-gpu)
2. 加入了图像后处理技术，优化了原始图像RAW_data的清晰度，牛逼的算法能“做的”比原始图像还要清晰！
真正专业的transcoding服务器都是多cpu多gpu的Linux服务器
So, 别纠结这个了，别太当真。
Easior Lars
Sep 2, 2017, 9:47:00 PM9/2/17
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各位好，接着上次的话题，来个实际的视屏格式转换需求，看可不可行？
最近下到了很多年前的电视剧《联林珍奇》，看链接（希望不违规）
虽说是 mp4，但很可能是 flv 这种格式转过来，图像质量极差；
不过高清版的又下不到，所以需求就来了：
如何用 ffmpeg 将上述低品质视屏转换成清晰一点的？
给个大致的步骤即可。
On Sunday, August 27, 2017, 10:39:09 PM GMT+8, Easior Lars <easio...@yahoo.com> wrote:
阁下言之有理！但所谓"贪嗔痴"三苦，有几人能看破。
Yongwei Wu
Sep 2, 2017, 10:36:28 PM9/2/17
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质量损失后是回不来的。单向的损耗。
AI补全不知道将来有没有可能成功，目前看起来补全的效果我看是惨不忍睹。虽说能补出细节，但跟原图比，完全成了两个人了。
所以就不要多想了。找不到更好的片源，就将就看吧。
2017-09-03 9:46 GMT+08:00 'Easior Lars' via Shanghai Linux User Group
<sh...@googlegroups.com>:
AI补全不知道将来有没有可能成功，目前看起来补全的效果我看是惨不忍睹。虽说能补出细节，但跟原图比，完全成了两个人了。
所以就不要多想了。找不到更好的片源，就将就看吧。
2017-09-03 9:46 GMT+08:00 'Easior Lars' via Shanghai Linux User Group
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Chaos Eternal
Sep 2, 2017, 11:39:50 PM9/2/17
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可以插值
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Easior Lars
Sep 3, 2017, 1:02:35 AM9/3/17
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学术界采用的图像处理手段好像比这个要复杂，有极小能量泛函方法、水平集方法等等。
liyaoshi
Sep 3, 2017, 8:45:01 PM9/3/17
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不贴代码,出处,的多是瞎BB
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Easior Lars
Sep 3, 2017, 10:18:01 PM9/3/17
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别激动，咱们是来这儿暖场子的，找个说话的地。
至于出处嘛，放狗搜搜 level set method 与 image processing 等关键词应该会出现好多相关的论文，运气好还能在论文里找到 C++ 代码！当然，这些对整个领域来说只是九牛一毛。
不贴代码,出处,的多是瞎BB
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