Note that I am writing this from memory, which may not be entirely correct or complete.
First, find a proper location for the PlayN code on your local disk. Let's call that PLAYN_HOME from now on.
# mkdir PLAYN_HOME
# cd PLAYN_HOME
Then, fetch the PlayN code from the source.
# git clone
http://code.google.com/p/playnImport to a project in your favourite IDE.
Find the GroupLayerGL.java file and modify it, adding the breakpoint location.
Install your very own version of PlayN into your maven repository
# cd PLAYN_HOME
# mvn install
Open your own game project. You may need to attach the PlayN sources in order to step into those classes (you got those sources in PLAYN_HOME).
Find the GroupLayerGL class and set a breakpoint to the crash location, where you added the if block.
Start your game (in debug mode obviously), and play until you reach the crash condition. Inspect the current data to see if you can spot any clue.
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Alternatively, you could create a similar breakpoint in your own game code, if you can properly identify when it happens, and then step down into the PlayN code without having to hack into the PlayN library.