From the Query API
"For URI queries, the type precedes the filter expression in parentheses. The format is <tagk>=<type>(<filter_expression>). Whether or not results are grouped depends on which curly bracket the filter is in. Two curly braces are now supported per metric query. The first set is the group by filter and the second is a non group by filter, e.g. {host=web01}{colo=regexp(sjc.*)}. If you only want to filter without grouping then the first curly set must be empty,e.g. ``{}{host=web*}"
On a side note, from testing the wording of the docs you included seems backwards. Unless I'm missing something:
"non-group by" should mean, host=* returns data points for each host
"group by" should mean, host=* returns a single set of data points for all hosts
So the wording should be:
"The first set is the non group by filter and the second is a group by filter, e.g. {host=web01}{colo=regexp(sjc.*)}. If you only want to filter with grouping then the first curly set must be empty,e.g. ``{}{host=web*}"