பிடாரன் எனும் சொல் கல்வெட்டுகளில் ஆகா பிடாகைத் தொடர்புடையவன் பிடாரன்

[N D Logasundaram]

​​

நூ த லோ சு

மயிலை

​பிடாரன் எனும் சொல் கல்வெட்டுகளில்

​(1)                                                                                           

(A.R. No. 202 of 1926.)

Sendalai, Tanjore Taluk, Tanjore District.

On the west wall of the central shrine, Sudnaresvara temple.

This records an endowment of a veli of land for the maintenance of a hall (ambalam) erected by him at Chandralakhai-chaturvedimangalam, a brahmadeya in Arkkattu-kurram, by Vayiramegam Pidaran of Vennayil in Miysengili-nadu, after purchasing it tax-free from the perunguri-sabha of the place. The land was allotted in certain specified proportions for the following services in the ambalam : supply of drinking water (to the wayfarers) during summer, keeping the premises clean, supply of oil for a lamp, supply of earthen pots (for the water-shed) ; and for general periodical repairs. Vayiramega was a surname of the Pallava king Dantivarman. This is probably a record of Aditya I (M.E.R. 1916, II, 7).

​(2)

A.R. No. 104 of 1929.)

Lalgudi, Lalgudi Taluk, Trichinopoly District.

On the south wall of the central shrine, Saptarishisvara temple.

This records an additional endowment of a land after its reclamation, to the temple at Tiruttavatturai in Idaiyaru-nadu by Sivagochari-Pidaran Desavidangan, a Pattudaiyan of the temple, as a previous gift made by him for the maintenance of two hymnists for singing the Tiruppadiyam was found inadequate. The donees were to receive the sevvaram share on these lands while the sirukudivaram was to be paid to the temple in the shape of oil (for lamps). As the previous gift referred to here is evidently the one mentioned in No. 99 of 1929, dated in the 37th year of Parantaka I, it is probable that this record is one of his successor Gandaraditya, though it is attributed to Sundara-Chola for this same reason in M.E.R. for 1929, Part II, Para 2.

​(3)​

4. No. 288 from Kudimiyamalai mentions two local chiefs by name Perumbidugu-Muttaraiyar and Muttaraiyar Nambi Manatongalar, both evidently close relations of each other. Nangaiyar Nangai Dayanidhiyar, the wife of the former, is said to have made a gift of a lamp to the temple on behalf of Nangai Vikramakesariyar, the daughter of the latter. Perhaps of the same family and having jurisdiction over a tract of Ramanathapuram was Marpidugu Tirukkottiyurkalvan Makalan Anai-udaiyan (No. 299) who figures as a donor to the temple at Tiruppalanam in the 22^nd year of the king’s reign.

Other subordinates of Aditya may also be mentioned. The names of Vayiramegan Pidaran of Vennayil in Misengili-nadu, the donor of a meeting hall (ambalam) at sendalai (No. 187) and Nripatungamangala-Peraraiyar whose son Nambi Mallanar was the donor of a land as eripatti at Nerkunram (No. 308) are both reminiscent of offices under the Pallavas. Two other persons who were perhaps new recipients of similar offices under Aditya himself were Sembiyan Malanattuvelan alias Korran Maran of Kaikalur in Kilalkuruvidam (No. 313) and Sembiyan Arkattuvelan alias Maravan Nakkan the headman of Purisai in Parivandatturai of Arkattu-kurram (No. 315). The latter’s son evidently was Nakkan Singan the headman of Purisai who endowed some land to the temple at Tirumalavadi (No. 324).

​(4)​

The Tiruvalangadu copper-plates of the sixth year of Rajendra-Chola I.

Translation of the detached tamil inscription on plate X

(Line 1.) Koneri-inmia-kondan[1] staying in the sani-mandapa of Mudigondasolapuram : — in the sixth year and one hundred and twentieth day of Our reign, Mahadeva-Pidaran having requested Us to grant a devadana to (the goddess) Ammai-Nachchiyar in the temple of the lord Tiruvalangadudaiyar at Palaiyanur in Palaiyanur-nadu, (a subdivision) of Manavirkottam in Jayangonda-Solamandalam, We gave as a tax-free devadana  land of the god (thirunamakkani), twenty-five and a half veli of land consisting of fourteen and a half. (veli) of land in Ammaiseri, (a village) in Kil-Karriyur-nadu, (a subdivision) of Ikkattu-kottam, including wet, dry and nattam (lands) ; and of eleven (veli) of land in Settamanagalam including nattam, river-bed and dry (lands), to (the goddess) —  Ammai-Nachchiyar, having removed from this day the old name and the previous owners (of these lands).

(L. 16.) We (further) ordered that it may thus be entered in the registers, engraved on copper and written on stone.  For this statement (of Ours), (this is) the writing (i.e., the signature) of Our Secretary (olai ezhuthum) Karrali  alias Uttamasola Tamiladaraiyan of Tular, (a village) i

​(5)

A.R. No. 66 of 1907)

Tirumalai, Pollur Taluk, North Arcot District

On a rock to the left of the painted cave

This had been published in S.I.I. Vol III, as No. 97.  But the reading of lines 4-6 which has now been slightly altered by a re-examination of the record, seems to indicate that the two donors virchevagan Pidaran Buttugan and Virchamanayakan Sandayan Ayiravan were members of two different regiments of the king, called respectively Irumadisola Kannadiga-Kaduttalai and Madhurantaka-Karunadaga-Kaduttalai and recruited from the Karunataka country, rather than that they were natives of place called Kaduttalia.  These two persons made a gift of gold for the daily offerings to Palliyalvar (Jaina Tirthankara) and for feeding therewith a devotee in the palla at Tirumalai near Vaigavur in Pangala-nadu a sub division of Palkunra-Kottam.

(6)   (அ )

An inscription from Tirumalai (North Arcot) of the 4^th year of the king (No. 89) which has been published already (in S.I.I III. No. 97) deserves a brief notice here agains.  It registers some gift to the Jaina temple of that plae by two persons Virchevagan Pidaran Puttugan (Buttuga) and Virchamanayakan Chandayana Ayiravan who were members of two different regiments of the king called the Irumadisola-Karunataka-Kaduttala and Madurantaka-karunataka-Kaduttalai after the king’s titles, and as their names indicate, recruited from later as a perundaram (noble) follower of king in a record of the 5^th year of Parantaka II, who accompanied (prince) Uttama-Chola to th temple at Tiruvorriyur (M.E.R. 1913, II, 19).

​​           (ஆ)​

​ It has been surmised the Samarabhirama should have actively helped his kinsman Vijayalaya in his conquests and been firmly established in his ancestral domain of Konadu as his friend and ally; while his son Bhuti Vikramakesari alias Tennavan Ilangovel was probably given the administration of the region previously under the possession of the Muttaraiyars.  It has also been conjectured on the strength of patronymics and feudatory titles borne by these chiefs, that Bhuti Vikramakesari’s two sons by Karrali, viz., Parantaka and Aditya mentioned in the Muvarkoyil inscription should be identical with Sembiyan Irukkuvel alias Bhuti Parantaka and Sembiyan Ilangovel alias Bhuti Aditta-Pidaran occurring in inscriptions of Parakesarivarman (Prantaka I) ranging up to the 20^th year of his reign (S.O/O VIII, Nos. 657, 668 and 601) The sister of these two chiefs and daughter of Bhuti Vikramakesari ws Nangai Bhuti Aditya-Bhatari who was married to the Chola prince Arikulakesari (Arinjaya) son of Parantaka I (S.I.I. III, No. 96).  Sembiyan Ilangovel (bhuti Aditya) was according to the authors the father of Madhurantakan Irukkuvel alias Adityan bhuti or Adityan Vikramakesari mentioned in Parakesari records of his 22^ndand 23^rd years (S.I.I. VIII No. 616 and 627), while (his brother) Sembiyan Irukkuvel alias Bhuti Parantaka is supposed to have had three sons, viz., Virasola Ilangaovel alias Parantakan Kunjaramallan, Mahimalya Irukkuvel alias Parantakan Virasolan, and Vira-Irungolar alias Parantakan Siriyavelar the last of whom had married ( a different) Varaguna-Perumanar, sister of Parantaka II Sundara-Chola (Vol. XIII, No. 233 and 240) ​

​(7)

A. R. No. 299 of 1904).

Kalahasti, Kalahasti Taluk, Chittoor District

On the north, east and south bases of the central shrine

in the Kalahastisvara temple. Rajaraja I. year 27 : 1012 A. D.

This records that Vaippur-udaiyan Adiyan Puyangan, the kankani officer of Arrur-nadu and other divisions included in it, having enquired of the upasakas of Arrur-nadu about their arrears in ghee and curd supplied to the temple of Tiruhkalattimahadeva, short of the stipulated amount as per terms of the endowment of 15 cows made by Sola-velan in the 16th regnal year of the king (1001 A.D.) and the total default in the supply of ghee and curd as per terms of another endowment of five cows, one each by Karupparudaiyan, his brother Pandari, his mother Porri, Tondaimanar alias Kavira Pidaran and Vayirameghan Vilupparaiyan, a merchant of Mummudisolapura, made in the 23rd regnal year of the king (1008 A.D.), they (the upasakas) seem to have agreed to pay a cash compensation of 24 kalanju and 2 ma towards the unmerited quantities of 15 kalam of ghee and 44 kalam and 2 tuni of curd computed from the date of the respective endowments up to 161st day of the 27th year of the king’s reign. The further details of the record are lost.

(8)  TANJAVUR BRIHADHISWARA TEMPLE INSCRIPTIONS

INSCRIPTIONS ON THE WALLS OF THE CENTRAL SHRINE

No. 94. On the outside of the north enclosure.

47. From the ninety-six ewes assigned to the shepherded Pidaran Satturu, residing in (the street called) Rajavidyadharapperunderu, outside Tanjavur,— he himself and his dependents, (viz.) his sons Satturu Siyarur and Satturu Pidaran ; the shepherd Kari Nakkan, living in (the street called) Surasikhamanipperunderu, outside Tanjavur ; and the shepherd Ayiravan Pidaran, living at Vinnaneri aliasMummadisoranal in Eriyur-nadu, (a subdivision) of Pandyakulasani-valanadu, have to supply (one) urakku of ghee per day, for one sacred lamp, by the Adavallan (measure). ​

​(9)  No. 90.  In the Second Gopura, left of entrance.[20]

This inscription records the gift, by the priest Isanasiva Pandita, of 8 gilt copper-pots “until the 29th year of Rajarajadeva” and one receptacle for sacred ashes, in the 2nd year of Rajendra-Chola.  A ninth pot was presented by Pavana- Pidaran n, the Saiva acharya of the temple in the 3rd year of Rajendra-Choladeva.  Sarvasiva Pandita mentioned in No. 20, dated during the 19th year of the same king[21]was apparently a successor of Pavana- Pidaran in the office of the Saivaacharya of the temple. (10) This inscription records the gift, by the priest Isanasiva Pandita, of 8 gilt copper-pots “until the 29th year of Rajarajadeva” and one receptacle for sacred ashes, in the 2nd year of Rajendra-Chola.  A ninth pot was presented by Pavana Pidaran , the Saiva acharya of the temple in the 3rd year of Rajendra-Choladeva.  Sarvasiva Pandita mentioned in No. 20, dated during the 19th year of the same king[21]was apparently a successor of Pidaran in the office of the Saivaacharya of the temple. 11. One pot for the pinnacle,[25] (made) of  copper (and) laid over with six karanju and two manjadi of gold, placed on the temple of the lord Sri-Rajarajesvara mudaiyar, until the third year of the lord  Sri-Rajendra-Choladeva, by Pavana- Pidaran , the Saiva acharya (of the temple) of the lord Sri-Rajarajesvaramudaiyar, weighing five hundred and forty-five karanju by the stone called Adavallan (used in) the city

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