this is indeed a known bug in the map library. The problem arises from
the fact, that the dependency cache is not cleared whenever the
render-theme changes. In fact, we cannot clear it as you might switch
back to the previous render-theme and then the cache is still needed to
render new tiles correctly. So the actual bug is that the dependency
cache does not store the used render-theme together with a dependency.
The labeling and the dependency cache is one of the oldest pieces of
code in the library and really of a bad quality. When it was written,
there was no render-theme mechanism yet. One of our highest priorities
is therefore to implement a new labeling, which will fix such bugs and
overcome most if not all of the current limitations (see for example
https://code.google.com/p/mapsforge/issues/detail?id=20). As we have not
yet started working on that, it will however take some time.
Greetings,
Thilo